理解OSPF邻居与邻接关系

1、Copyright 2012Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. 理解OSPF邻居与邻接关系Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page1前 言本课程介绍OSPF邻居和邻接的概念。为了交换链路状态信息以及路由信息，OSPF路由器之间首先要建立邻接关系。Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page2培训目标学完本课程后，您应该能：l理解OSPF

2、邻居和邻接的概念l理解OSPF中DR和BDR的概念l理解DR和BDR的选举Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page3邻居（Neighbor）和邻接（Adjacency）Ethernet10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.310.1.1.4RTA我有三个邻居Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page4OSPF支持的网络类型点到点和广播类型PPP10.1.1.120.1.1.1点到点网络点到点

3、网络Ethernet10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.310.1.1.4广播型网络广播型网络Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page5OSPF支持的网络类型NBMA类型ATM10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.3VPI/VCI=0/102VPI/VCI=0/103VPI/VCI=0/201VPI/VCI=0/3010/2030/302非广播网络非广播多路访问（非广播网络非广播多路访问（NBMA）全连接ATM网络Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologi

4、es Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page6OSPF支持的网络类型点到多点类型FR10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.3DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301非广播网络点到多点（非广播网络点到多点（Point-to-MultiPoint）不完全连接的帧中继网络Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page7常见链路层协议对应的默认网络类型Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co.,

5、Ltd. All rights reserved. Page8虚连接（Virtual Link）Area 0Area 1Area 2RTARTB配置虚连接以使RTB连接到骨干区域Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page9端口状态变换点到点、点到多点网段和虚连接UnloopIndInterfaceUpDownP-to-PLoopbackCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page10Copyright

6、2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page11DR和BDREthernet10.1.1.110.1.1.210.1.1.310.1.1.4RTABDRDR我有三个邻居，但是只有两个邻接Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page12选举DR和BDREthernet10.1.1.310.1.1.210.1.1.190BDRDR100120Router Priority最大的路由器不一定是DR/BDR图中数字表示该端口的图中数

7、字表示该端口的Router PriorityCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page13配置Router PriorityRTBinterface Ethernet 0/0RTB-Ethernet0/0ospf dr-priority 100RTB-Ethernet0/0quitRTBEthernet10.1.1.310.1.1.210.1.1.190RTADR100120BDRRTBRTC图中数字表示该端口的图中数字表示该端口的Router PriorityCopyright 2012 Hua

8、wei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page14端口状态变换广播型网段和NBMA网段DownWaitingBackupDROtherDR?UnloopIndInterfaceUpWaitTimerBackupSeenNeighbor ChangeNeighbor ChangeNeighbor ChangeLoopbackCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page15Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co

9、., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page16是否和邻居建立邻接关系Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page17配置NBMA网络Area 1FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301DLCI = 203DLCI = 302RTALoopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0

10、S1/0S1/0RTArouter id 1.1.1.1 RTAospf RTA-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.2 RTA-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.3 RTA-ospf-1area 1RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0 RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page18配置

11、NBMA网络Area 1FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301DLCI = 203DLCI = 302RTALoopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1/0RTBrouter id 2.2.2.2RTBospfRTB-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.1RTB-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.3RTB-ospf-1area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1

12、network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page19配置NBMA网络Area 1FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301DLCI = 203DLCI = 302RTALoopback02.2

13、.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1/0RTCrouter id 3.3.3.3RTCospf RTC-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.1RTC-ospf-1peer 10.1.1.2RTC-ospf-1area 1RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1returnCopyright 2012 Huawei T

14、echnologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page20配置NBMA网络验证路由表RTAdisplay ip routing-table Routing Table: public netDestination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface1.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack02.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 1563 10.1.1.2 Serial1/0 3.3.3.3/32 OSPF 10 1563 10.1.1.3 Serial1/0 10.1

15、.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 10.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack010.1.1.2/32 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.2 Serial1/0 10.1.1.3/32 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.3 Serial1/0 127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd.

16、All rights reserved. Page21配置NBMA网络验证OSPF端口信息RTAdisplay ospf interface Serial 1/0 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 1.1.1.1 Interfaces Interface: 10.1.1.1 (Serial1/0) Cost: 1562 State: DROther Type: NBMA Priority: 1 Designated Router: 10.1.1.3 Backup Designated Router: 10.1.1.2 Timers: Hello 30, Dead 12

17、0, Poll 120, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page22配置点到多点网络FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301RTAArea 1Loopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1/0RTArouter id 1.

18、1.1.1RTAospf RTA-ospf-1area 1RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTAinterface Serial 1/0RTA-Serial1/0ospf network-type p2mpRTA-Serial1/0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page23配置点到多点网络FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.

19、1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301RTAArea 1Loopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1/0RTBrouter id 2.2.2.2RTBospf RTB-ospf-1area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTBinterface Seria

20、l 1/0RTB-Serial1/0ospf network-type p2mp RTB-Serial1/0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page24配置点到多点网络FR-SW10.1.1.1/2410.1.1.2/2410.1.1.3/24DLCI = 102DLCI = 103DLCI = 201DLCI = 301RTAArea 1Loopback02.2.2.2/32Loopback03.3.3.3/32RTBRTCLoopback01.1.1.1/32S1/0S1/0S1

21、/0RTCrouter id 3.3.3.3RTCospf RTC-ospf-1area 1RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTCinterface Serial 1/0RTC-Serial1/0ospf network-type p2mp RTC-Serial1/0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page25配置点到多点网络验

22、证路由表RTCdisplay ip routing-table Routing Table: public netDestination/Mask Protocol Pre Cost Nexthop Interface1.1.1.1/32 OSPF 10 1563 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 2.2.2.2/32 OSPF 10 3125 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 3.3.3.3/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack010.1.1.0/24 DIRECT 0 0 10.1.1.3 Serial1/0 10.1.1.1/32 DIRECT 0

23、 0 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 10.1.1.2/32 OSPF 10 3124 10.1.1.1 Serial1/0 10.1.1.3/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.0/8 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0127.0.0.1/32 DIRECT 0 0 127.0.0.1 InLoopBack0Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page26配置点到多点网络验证OSPF端口信息RTCdisplay

24、ospf interface Serial 1/0 OSPF Process 1 with Router ID 3.3.3.3 Interfaces Interface: 10.1.1.3 (Serial1/0) Cost: 1562 State: PtoP Type: PointToMultiPoint Priority: 1 Timers: Hello 30, Dead 120, Poll 120, Retransmit 5, Transmit Delay 1Copyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved.

25、Page27配置虚连接Area 1Area 0Area 2RTALoopback0RTCRTD2.2.2.2/32Loopback01.1.1.1/32RTBE0/010.1.1.0/24E0/0.2.1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback04.4.4.4/32E0/110.1.2.0/24.1.2E0/0E0/1E0/010.1.3.0/24.1.2RTArouter id 1.1.1.1RTAospf RTA-ospf-1area 0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 1.1.1.1 0.0.0.0RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0n

26、etwork 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTA-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page28配置虚连接Area 1Area 0Area 2RTALoopback0RTCRTD2.2.2.2/32Loopback01.1.1.1/32RTBE0/010.1.1.0/24E0/0.2.1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback04.4.4.4/32E0/110.1.2.0/24.1.2E0/0E0/1E0/010.1.3.0/

27、24.1.2RTBrouter id 2.2.2.2RTBospf RTB-ospf-1area 0 RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 2.2.2.2 0.0.0.0RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.0network 10.1.1.0 0.0.0.255RTB-ospf-1area 1RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1vlink-peer 3.3.3.3 RTB-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1returnCopyright 2012 Hua

28、wei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page29配置虚连接Area 1Area 0Area 2RTALoopback0RTCRTD2.2.2.2/32Loopback01.1.1.1/32RTBE0/010.1.1.0/24E0/0.2.1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback04.4.4.4/32E0/110.1.2.0/24.1.2E0/0E0/1E0/010.1.3.0/24.1.2RTCrouter id 3.3.3.3RTCospf RTC-ospf-1area 1RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.

29、1network 10.1.2.0 0.0.0.255RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.1vlink-peer 2.2.2.2RTC-ospf-1area 2RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2network 3.3.3.3 0.0.0.0RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255RTC-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page30配置虚连接Area 1Area 0Are

30、a 2RTALoopback0RTCRTD2.2.2.2/32Loopback01.1.1.1/32RTBE0/010.1.1.0/24E0/0.2.1Loopback03.3.3.3/32Loopback04.4.4.4/32E0/110.1.2.0/24.1.2E0/0E0/1E0/010.1.3.0/24.1.2RTDrouter id 4.4.4.4RTDospf RTD-ospf-1area 2RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2network 4.4.4.4 0.0.0.0RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2network 10.1.3.0 0.0.0.255RTD-ospf-1-area-0.0.0.2returnCopyright 2012 Huawei Technologies Co., Ltd. All rights reserved. Page31配置虚连接验证路由表RTDdisplay ip routing-table Routin