复合句知识点讲解及练习

1、实用文案宾语从句中考考点宾语从句即在复合句中作主句的宾语的句子。 它属于名词性从句。它既可以作主 句谓语动词宾语，也可作介词的宾语。宾语从句以从句的句式来决定连接词。 中 考对宾语从句考查的重点是引导词、时态和语序。考向导航高频考向一 宾语从句的引导词宾语从句是陈述句，引导词用that ,在口语中that可以省略。如：We believe (that) he is honest.我们相信他是诚实的。如果宾语从句由一般疑问句转换而来，其引导词用 if或whether。一般情况 下，二者可以通用，但从句中有or not或从句充当介词的宾语时，只能用whether 如：I dont know if/

2、whether she will come here.我不知道她是否将来这儿。Sorry , I dont know whether he will come or not.对不起，我不知道他是否会来。宾语从句是特殊疑问句时，引导词就是特殊疑问词。如：Could you tell me where the post office is?你能告诉我邮局在哪里吗？The teacher asked the students what they were doing.老师问学生他们正在做什么。高频考向二 宾语从句的时态宾语从句中的谓语动词的时态是由主句中谓语动词的时态来决定的，一般有下面几种情况：主

3、句的时态为一般现在时、一般将来时或祈使句时，从句的谓语动词的时态要根据具体的情况用相应的任何时态。如：He says he will ask Mr. Hu to give Jim some work.他说他将让胡先生给吉姆一些工作。主句的时态为过去时态时，从句的谓语动词的时态要用相应的过去的某一时态。如：She said she missed us very much.她说她非常想念我们。标准文档实用文案从句表示的是客观真理、普遍真理、自然现象时，从句的时态一律使用一般现在时。如：He said that the sun is bigger than the earth.他说太阳比地球大。高频

4、考向三宾语从句的语序1 .在含有宾语从句的复合句中，宾语从句要使用陈述语序，即“引导词+主语+谓语+其他”。如：I want to know when the train left.我想知道火车是什么时候离开的。2 . do you think 后接宾语从句时，特殊疑问词即引导词要前置，do you think作为插入语。如：Who do you think he is talking with ?你认为他正在和谁交谈？【注意】由do, does, did构成的疑问句，在转换成宾语从句时，要去掉do, does, did,且从句中的谓语动词要根据主句时态作出相应的变化。如：“ Does he

5、sing well ? ” The music teacher asked him.fThe music teacher asked him if/whether he sang well. 这个音乐老师想知 道他唱得是否很好。如果是will , be, have, can组成的疑问句，在变为宾语从句时，要把这些词还原到旬中原来的谓语位置上，并根据主句的时态作相应的变化。如：“Will you be free tomorrow ? ” She asked me.f She asked me if/whether I would be free tomorrow.她问我明天是否是空闲的。当主句的

6、主语为第一人称，谓语动词是 think, guess, believe等动词且接有 否定的that宾语从句时，常将否定词提前到主句中。如：I dont think that Alice is an American.我认为艾丽丝不是美国人。高频考向四宾语从句的转化当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是hope, wish , decide等时，从句可转化为不定式结构。如：I hope that I can see you again.=I hope to see you again. 我希望能再次见到你。当宾语从句的主语和主句的主语相同，且谓语动词是know, remember; fo

7、rget ,标准文档实用文案learn 等时，从句可转化为“疑问词不定式”结构。如：I dont know what I should say.=I dont know what to say.我不知道该说什么。当主句的谓语动词是ask， tell ， show， teach 等，且宾语从句的主语和主句的间接宾语一致时，从句可转化为“不定式结构”或“疑问词不定式”结构。如：Mr. Hu tells us that we shouldnt draw on the wall.=Mr. Hu tells us not to draw on the wall.胡老师告诉我们不应该在墙上画画。Will

8、you please tell me where I can buy stamps?=Will you please tell me where to buy stamps ?你能告诉我在哪儿能买到邮票吗？标准文档实用文案状语从句中考考点状语从句即在复合句中作状语的句子。根据其用途可分为九类。中考对状语从句考查的重点是引导词和时态。考向导航高频考向一状语从句的种类从句类型点丈引导同时间状从句人示句动作发生的时间while wtxd. as* until, jis stJtili - Itt-I,Tt .itince 地点妆语从句衣示工.包动 作发生的地 点”位置when . whrrcvt r

9、原岗林 讲从句说明七句动作 发生的原因bvcanst， fur. liiui * ci条件状谓从甸&时书句动 作的完成所 需要的条件il . UJilos标准文档实用文案结果状 甯从句表明主句动 作发生的后 果成影响让步状 语从句友明主句发生 该动作时的一种让步联态J* ahhnu-h，tin thfillrr十疑问诃比较状 酒从句衣明在句比较的时象和结果t llHtL- HX1s 刃5 IlDl /ahs方式引语从向表明主句完成饿动作的方式as il lhough* as目的状语从句我明主谛行为动作的II的sq that * in（）rlT ihit如：Ill let you know as

10、 soon as she comes. 她一来，我就会让你知道。（时间状 语从句）I wont go with you because I am busy doing my homework now.我不会跟你去，因为现在我正忙着做作业。（原因状语从句）If it rains tomorrow, well stay at home.如果明天下雨，我们会待在家里。 （条件状语从句）Although he is not rich , he lives happily.尽管他不富有，但是他生活得很幸福。（让步状语从句）He got up very early this morning in orde

11、r that he could catch the first bus.为了能赶上第一班公交车，他早上起得很早。（目的状语从句）It was such a cold day that nobody wanted to go out.天气刃B么冷，没人想出去。（结果状语从句） wherever he goes, he always brings his pet dog. 无论他哪里，他总是带着 他的宠物狗。（地点状语从句）Carol speaks English as well as you do.卡罗尔英语说得和你一样好。（比较状语从句）标准文档实用文案The child talked to

12、us as if he were a grown- up.那个孩子和我们谈起话来像个成年人似的。（方式状语从句）【注意】so与because, though/although 与but不能在句中同时出现。高频考向二状语从句与主句时态的一致性1 .主句为祈使句、一般将来时态或由情态动词表示将来的动作时，if引导的条件状语从句、because引导的原因状语从句及 when, as soon as, until 等引导 的时间状语从句应用一般现在时代替一般将来时。如：Dont go and play football if you dont finish your homework.如果你不完成家庭

13、作业，你就不要去踢足球。He wont leave until you agree with him. 直到你同意他，他才会离开。2 . since引导的时间状语从句用一般过去时态，主句则用现在完成时态（It hasbeen. since + 从句结构”）。如：Uncle Wang has worked in the factory since it opened in 1995.自从 1995年那家工厂开办以来，王叔叔便在那里工作了。It is （has been） ten years since we left that city.我 4离开刃 B个城市已经十年了。3 .主句为过去时态时，

14、状语从句也应用过去时态的某一种形式。如： Yesterday Meimei didnt come to school because her mother was ill.昨天梅梅没来上学是因为她妈妈病了。 When I was a child, father had told me that story.我还是小孩子的时候爸爸便已给我讲过那个故事了。4.当主从句的动作均发生在过去时，注意含 when, while引导的时间状语从句 的主从句时态的一致性：主从复合句中，主句谓语动词动作在从句谓语动词动作之前发生，且进行的时间较长时，主句用过去进行时，从句用一般过去时。如：Mother was

15、cooking dinner when I got home yesterday.昨天我至 U家时妈妈正在做饭。从句中谓语动作先于主句中谓语动词动作发生，且进行的时间较长时，从句用过去进行时，主句用一般过去时。如：标准文档实用文案When the students were having a meeting, the teacher came in.学生们正在开会时，老师进来了。若主从句动作开始时间不存在先后关系(即同时发生)或无所谓先后时，主从句 可同时使用过去进行时。如：While Han Meimei was sweeping the floor, Lucy was carrying w

16、ater.韩梅梅在扫地，而露西在挑水。主句动作和从句动作都已完成，则先发生的动作可用过去完成时态，后发生的 动作用一般过去时态。如：When they got to the cinema, the film had been on for five minutes.他们到电影院时，电影已放映了五分钟。定语从句中考考点定语从句在句中作定语，修饰一个名词或代词，被修饰的名词或代词叫先行词。定语从句通常出现在先行词之后，由关系代词who, whom that , which , whose或关系副词when, where, why等引出。中考对定语从句考查的重点是定语从句 的关系词。考向导航高频考向

17、一定语从句的关系词1. who whom that代替的先行词是指人的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、 宾语等。如：Is he the man who/that wants to see you ?他是想见你的那个人吗？He is the man (who/whom/that) I saw yesterday.他是昨天我看到的那个人。2. which , that代替的先行词是指代事物的名词或代词，在从句中可作主语、 宾语等。如：标准文档实用文案玛丽喜欢轻柔的音乐。我放在桌子上的外套是蓝请把封面是绿色的那本书递Mary likes music that/which is quiet and ge

18、ntle.The coat (that/which) I put on the desk is blue.色的。3. whose用来指人或物，在句中只用作定语。如:Please pass me the book whose cover is green.给我4. 关系副词有when, where, why,它们在句中作状语。如：Ill never forget the days when we studied together.我永远忘不了 我们一起学习的那些日子。This is the city where my father worked ten years ago.这是我爸十年前工作的城

19、市。高频考向二 关系词只能用that而不用which的情况1 .当先行词被形容词最高级修饰时。如：This is one of the most exciting football games that I have ever seen. 这是我所看过的最激烈的一场足球赛。2 .当先行词被序数词修饰时。如：The first thing that you could do was to turn off the light.你首先要做的就是关灯。3 .当先行词为 all , everything , nothing , something , anything , little , much,

20、 none等不定代词时（something 后也可用 which）。如：All that wehave to do for our students is to tell them how to speak English in class.我们要为学生做的所有的事情就是告诉他们如何在课上说英语。Im going to buy everything that I need.我要去买我所需要的一切东西。4.当先行词前面有only, just , very , any, no等词修饰时。如：Thats the only thing that we can do now.那是我们现在唯一能做的事情。

21、5.当先行词指代的既含有人又含有物时。如：They are talking about things and persons that they remembered.他们正在谈论他们所能回忆起来的人或事。 高频考向三关系词只能用who（whom而不用that的情况标准文档实用文案1 .当先行词为all , any或其合成词或a few且指人时。如：Anyone who breaks the law will be punished.任何违法的人都会受到惩罚。2 .当先行词为that , this , those或these且指人时。如：Those who hadnt bought the t

22、ickets for the train crowded in the waiting hall.那些还没买着票的人挤在候车厅里。3 .当先行词在定语从句中作宾语或表语时，在口语中用who或whomgl导均可，但如直接位于介词后作宾语时，只能用 whom如：The guest (who/whom) Ill first introduce to you is a little girl.我首先要介绍给你们的客人是一位小姑娘。I met a few friends of mine , among whom was my old classmate. 我遇见几 位朋友，其中一位是我的老同学。活学活用

23、 .麻行反面笨二丈三；一、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。(原创)1. This morning mymother asked mewhere Julia (go) last weekend.2. W川 Tony go skiing with us this Saturday? Sorry, I dont know if he(go). But I know he has no interest in sports.3. I dont know where she(come) from.4. What are you doing under the desk?一Im looking for t

24、he pen that I(buy) yesterday.5. Qian Xuesen passed away on October 31,2009, at the age of 98, but he标准文档实用文案is a man who still (encourage) Chinese youth.6. The stories that (write) by Mark Twain are often humorous.二、用适当的连词填空。7Id like to know we will go camping. Maybe in the forest.8Excuse me, Miss C

25、hen, could you tell methe Belt and Roadmeans? It is short for the Silk Road Economic Belt and 21st Century MaritimeSilk Road.9Mr. Green, do you know our summer camp begins? July 10th. It will last a month.10 he had failed many times, he didnt give up andsucceeded in the end.11 I will be very happy y

26、ou come to my party.12Dad, when did you come back from the farmland yesterday? Well, I didnt come back the rain stopped.13Mike, what were your parents doing at 8： 00 last night? My mother was reading my father wasplaying computer games.14 The sky is dark and red the sun is rising behind the cloud.15

27、 They were too late, they got to the fashion show, it had beenover.三、用适当的关系代词填空。16 I want to visit a place is famous for its scenery.17 Please show me the book cover is red.18 This is the very book tells many English stories.19 Confucius was a famous philosopher ( 哲学家 ) has influencedthe world great

28、ly.20 Everyone has been to Shanghai says it is a modern city.标准文档实用文案考点跟踪突破复合句宾语从句一、把下列各句改为宾语从句。1. The teacher asked me , “W川 you be a volunteer ? ”The teacher asked me if be a volunteer.2. “ Who is responsible for the food safety problem? ” asked thereporter.The reporter asked responsible for the f

29、ood safety problem.标准文档实用文案3. John asked, “Can you look after my pet dog ?”John asked I look after his pet dog.4. Does the earth go around the sun? Susan wanted to know.Suan wanted to know the earth around the sun.5. Does her daughter take an umbrella with her? Mrs. Brown wanted to know.Mrs. Brown w

30、anted to know her daughter an umbrella with her or not.二、用所给动词的适当形式填空。6. He asked if the light (travel) faster than sound.7. Our teacher told us that the sun (rise) in the east and (set) in the west.8. I will take back what I (say)9. We didnt know that Lucy (be) an American girl.10. Anna said that s

31、he (make) Chinese friends in China soon.11. Jack wants to know how much the car (cost) him.12. I hope that I (visit) Beijing soon.13. Can you find out that our city (change) a lot in recent years?三、用适当的引导词填空。14. The police wondered handbag it was.15. Im thinking of we should go to see the film.16. D

32、o you know positive energy means.17. Could you tell me people eatyuanxiao in China?At the Lantern Festival.18. Ms. Petty, can you tell me the baby giraffe comesfrom? Africa.19. I wonder I may have a word with you.Yes, of course.20. Can you tell me you plan to do with the problem?21. Could you tell m

33、e youll go to Paris? Next month.22. 一 Excuse me, could you tell me bus I should take to get to the zoo?The No. 32 bus can take you there.23. The math problem is so hard. I really dont know to do it.24. Could you tell me theWinter Olympic Gamesareheld? Every four years.25. WangHai told me he didnt go

34、 cycling yesterday afternoon. 四、语法填空。阅读下面的短文，在空白处填入一个适当的词，或填入括号中所给单词的正 确形式。Nirmala Toppo, a 14- year- old girl from India, can talk to elephants!标准文档实用文案And she has saved the city of Rourkela in India with this ability （能力）.One day, 12 wild elephants ran into Rourkela from a nearby forest.They were

35、very huge. Local people tried their 26. （good）to drivethe elephants into a gym. But they didnt know 27. to drive them back to the forest.“It was a difficult task. The elephants becameviolent （暴力的）and started to destroy the gym area, “ a local forest official28.（tell） the BBC.Then they thought of Nir

36、mala Toppo, a tribal （部落的）girl 29.lives in the neighboring state of Jharkhand. She is famous for being able to talk to elephants. She has 30. （success） driven back elephants many times before in her hometown.WherToppo arrived, she cameclose to the elephants. She wasnt afraid at all. “I told them the

37、 gym was not their home. They should return where they belong. They understood 31. I saidJ said Toppo.The elephants started to leave the gym. Toppo walked many miles with them 32. they arrived back at the forest. Her 33. （foot） were badly hurt because of the long distance.How did she learn to talk t

38、o elephants ? Toppo said she learned thatafter a few elephants killed her mother. But 34. （other） think thats because tribal people 35. （live） with wild animals for so many years, and they know how to deal with them.状语从句一、句型转换。1. Jack is so short that he cant reach the book on the shelf.（改为同义句）Jack

39、is short reach the book on the shelf.2. The teacher began his class. All the students were seated.（用until合并为一句）The teacher his class all the studentswere seated.3. Hurry up, or youll miss the early bus.（改为同义句）you hurry up, you catch the early bus.4. The children have to stay inside because of the ho

40、t weather.（改为状语从句）The childrenhave tostayinsidehot.5. Miss Gao wrote a letter to her friend at once after she had got to Shanghai.（改为同义句）Miss Gaoa letter to her friend sheShanghai.、用括号中所给单词的适当形式填空。标准文档实用文案6. I (not go) to bed until the programme ends.7. They(not meet) each other since they left coll

41、ege.8. Tom(argue) with his brother when I went to see himyesterday.9. He (live) in the countryside when he was young.10. The film (begin)when I got to the cinema, so I missedthe beginning of the film.11. He wont believe it he sees 计 with his own eyes.12. . Will you come and stay with us for a while

42、when you (finish) doing your homework?13. I met an old friend of mine while I (walk) in the street.14. My parents are always worried about what will happen if I (fail).15. I will send you an e - mail as soon as I (arrive) in London.三、用方框中所给单词的适当形式填空，每词限用一次。although , before , until , while , as soon

43、 as, because, when, since , whatever , so that16. Heis training very hard he can win a gold medal in the Olympics.17. When shall we begin our trip?Well set out our head teacher arrives.18. he is very tired, he continued working in his office.19. Zootopia, the cartoon, is popular there are manylovely

44、 animals in it.20. Its a good habit to wash your hands you have meals.21. He always thinks Im wrong, I may say.22. Jenny didnt go to bed her mother camehomelast night.23. . Mother was worried because her son was ill, especially father was away in France.24. Could you help me with housework you are f

45、ree today?25. I was about to go to school it began to rain.四、语法填空。(原创)阅读下面的短文，按照句子结构的语法性和上下文连贯的要求，在空白处填 入一个适当的词或填入括号中词语的正确形式填空。每空不多于3个单词。A wise man travelled in the mountains. 26. he was walking, he 27. (find) a precious stone in a river.The next day, he met another traveler who was 28. (hunger).The

46、 wise man opened his bag to share his food 29. the traveler.The traveler saw the stone and asked the wise man30. (give) the stone to him.The wise man did so 31. hesitation.The traveler left very happy. He knew the stone was very valuable and he could get much money by 32. (sell) it.But a few days la

47、ter,标准文档实用文案he came back to return the stone 33. the wise man.“Ive been thinking all these days, he said. “I know how valuable the stone is, but I give it back to you. 34. I hope I can get something more valuable. Could you tell mewhat madeyou give methe stone without hesitation ? ”35 (hear) this, t

48、he wise mansmiled and said, “I think you have got what you want. ”From the story we can learn that sometimes its not the wealth you have but whats inside you is more valuable to other people.定语从句一、将下列简单句改为定语从句。1. They like those books. Those books have scary monsters.They like those books scary mons

49、ters.2. We are looking for the nurse. She looked after my little sister.We are looking for the nurse my little sister.3. Jane is my best friend. She can play the piano.Jane the piano my best friend.4. Please pass me the dictionary. Its cover is black.Please pass me the dictionary black.5. Ill never forget the farm. I visited it in 2012.Ill never forget the farm in 2012.二、用 who, whom, whose, which 或 that 填空。6. The first thing you must do is to have a meal.7. The woman you met in the shop lives on the second floorof our building.8. This is the only Ch