中考英语被动语态复习课件

1、festival.swf被动语态被动语态专项专项复习复习天王镇初级中学天王镇初级中学 李艺伟李艺伟课前热身课前热身 Read the words about chores clean my bedroom wash clothes cook meals 做饭做饭 water flowers take out the trash do the dishes make ones bed Read and answer1.- Who cleans your bedroom at your home? - My bedroom is cleaned by my mother/ myself.2.- W

2、ho washes your clothes? - My clothes are washed by my mother/ myself/washing machine. 洗衣机洗衣机 Read and answer3.- Who cooks meals at your home? - The meals are cooked by my mother/ me.4.- Who waters flowers at your home? -The flowers are watered by my father Read and answer5.- Who takes out the trash

3、at your home? - The trash is taken out by my mother/ myself.6.- Who does the dishes at your home? -The dishes are done by my father7.- Who makes your bed at your home? -My bed is made by myself. Report(报告报告) In my family， my bedroom is cleaned by myself， The trash is taken out by me and my bed is ma

4、de by myself ，But other chores are done by my parents. 被动语态基本用法被动语态基本用法当句子的当句子的主语主语是动作的是动作的执行者执行者时，时，谓语的形式是谓语的形式是主动语态主动语态。当句子的。当句子的主语是动作的主语是动作的承受者承受者时，谓语要用时，谓语要用被动语态被动语态。被动语态由助动词。被动语态由助动词be+过去分词过去分词构成，时态通过构成，时态通过be表现出表现出来。来。He plants trees in spring. 主谓宾(受动者)Treesare planted byhim将主动语态改为被动语态in sprin

5、g.Tom will clean the room tomorrow.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)The room will be cleanedby Tom tomorrow.His brother washes bowls every day.主主谓谓宾宾(受动者受动者)Bowls are washed byhis brother every day. 把主动语态改为被动语态可按把主动语态改为被动语态可按“ 、 、 ”来进行。即：来进行。即： 变变-把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把把主动语态的宾语改为被动语态的主语，把主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词主动语态的主语改为被动语态的介词b

6、y的宾语。的宾语。套套-根据原句的时态套用相应时态。根据原句的时态套用相应时态。注意注意-注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。注意人称的变化而引起的主谓一致问题。 例：例：Many people speak English. English _ by many people. He washed his shoes yesterday. His shoes _by him yesterday.is spokenwere washed一变一变二套二套三注意三注意主动语态主动语态被动语态被动语态一般现在时一般现在时S+V(原形原形)/ V(e)s S+am/is/are +Vpp一般过去时一般过去

7、时S+V-ed/ madeS+was/were +Vpp一般将来时一般将来时S+will +V(原形原形)S+will+ be +Vpp含情态动词含情态动词S+情态动词情态动词+ V(原形原形)S+情态动词情态动词+ be +Vpp现在进行时现在进行时S+is/am/are+v-ingS+is/am/are+being+vpp过去进行时过去进行时S+was/were+v-ingS+was/were+being+vpp现在完成时现在完成时S+have/has+v(过去分词过去分词)S+have/has+been+vpp过去完成时过去完成时S+had+vppS+had+been+vpp各种时态的主

8、动语态和被动语态各种时态的主动语态和被动语态 何时使用被动语态呢？何时使用被动语态呢？ 一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法一、行为主体不明确，不必说出或者无法说出动作的执行者时。例如：说出动作的执行者时。例如： Football is played all over the world 二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的二、不易找到或根本就不可能找到动作的执行者时。例如：执行者时。例如： My bike was stolen我的自行车被盗了。我的自行车被盗了。 精讲点拨三、汉语中含有三、汉语中含有“据说据说”、“据悉据悉”、“有有人说人说”、“大家说大家说”等时。例如：等时。例如： It

9、is said that one day he climbed to the top of a house and It was reported that her mother died of SARS.众所周知众所周知 It is well known that 据推测说据推测说 It is supposed that 四、汉语中含有四、汉语中含有“被被”、“由由”等词时。等词时。例如：例如： Tina is asked to come by PaulTina是被是被Paul叫来的。叫来的。五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如：五、某些句子习惯上用被动语态。例如： He was born i

10、n October，1989 一些使役动词一些使役动词(let, have, make等)或感官动词或感官动词(see, hear,watch,notice等)在主动语态中后面接的在主动语态中后面接的动词不动词不定式定式不带不带to，但改为，但改为被动语态被动语态时，一定带时，一定带to。如：。如：A.The boss makes the workers work 18 hours a day. (变被动语态) The workers are made to work 18 hours a day by the boss.B.I saw him enter the house. 变被动语态 H

11、e was seen to enter the house by me.C.The teacher let them leave the classroom after class. (变被动语态) They were let to leave the classroom by the teacher after class. 拓展提升当使用当使用see/hear/watch sb see/hear/watch sb do do sth.sth.时，变为被时，变为被动语态时，动语态时，do do 前要带前要带toto。而当使用而当使用see/hear/watch sb see/hear/wat

12、ch sb doing doing sthsth时，变时，变为被动语态时，为被动语态时，doingdoing保持不变保持不变。如：。如：1. We hear her sing in the room every day.（变被动语态） She _ in the room every day.2. I saw him going into the shop.(主动语态) He _ into the shop.(被动语态) to singwas seen goingis heard主动语态被动语态使役动词make sb. do sth.sb. be made to do sth.have sb.

13、do sth.sb. be had to do sth.let sb. do sth.sb. be let to do sth.感观动词see sb. do sth.sb. be seen to do sth.watch sb. do sth.sb. be watched to do sth.hear sb. do sth.sb. be heard to do sth.notice sb. do sth.sb. be noticed to do sth.go 汉译英：我们国家把老人照顾得很好。汉译英：我们国家把老人照顾得很好。Old people _ in our country.are ta

14、ken care of也可填也可填 are looked after 在主动语态中某些谓语动词是短语动词，要将短语在主动语态中某些谓语动词是短语动词，要将短语动词视为一个整体，变为被动语态时我们不能丢掉其后动词视为一个整体，变为被动语态时我们不能丢掉其后的介词或副词。的介词或副词。(1)这几年这几年,我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。我们家乡发生了巨大的变化。Great changes in my hometown over the years. (2)吉姆昨天发生了车祸。吉姆昨天发生了车祸。_(3)如果你努力的话，你会实现梦想的。如果你努力的话，你会实现梦想的。If you work hard, y

15、our dream will _. 1. 有些不及物动词和短语无被动语态，用主动语态表达被有些不及物动词和短语无被动语态，用主动语态表达被动的意思。如：动的意思。如：happen, take place, come true, come out, last, run out(用完用完)等。翻译句子：等。翻译句子：(1). This pen _. 这支笔这支笔好写。好写。 (2). The jeans_ . 这条牛仔裤这条牛仔裤好洗好洗。 (3). The apples _ and _ . 这些苹果这些苹果闻起来很香闻起来很香，卖得好卖得好/好卖好卖。 (4). Everything _ in

16、spring. 春季万物都春季万物都生长得很好生长得很好。2.少数动词后面有副词少数动词后面有副词well 的时候也不用被动语态的时候也不用被动语态 。 （ 如：如：write well , wash well , sell well , grow well ）系动词也不用于被动语态。（如：系动词也不用于被动语态。（如：look看起来，看起来，sound听起来，听起来，feel摸起来，摸起来，smell闻起来，闻起来，taste尝起来）尝起来） （不用（不用is written）（不用（不用 are washed）汉译英：这家商店早晨八点开始营业，晚汉译英：这家商店早晨八点开始营业，晚上十点停

17、止营业。上十点停止营业。The shop _ at 8 oclock a.m. and _ at ten p.m. 1.People use knives for cutting things.Knives _ _ for cutting things.2.The students clean the windows of their classroom twice a month.The windows of their classroom_ _ twice a month. are usedarecleaned(变被动语态）变被动语态）3.I found the ticket on the

18、 floor._ _ _ _ on the floor.4.I told her to return the book in time.She _ _ to return the book in time.The ticket was found was told5. His doctor made him have only two meals a day.He _ _ _ _ only two meals a day.6.Now people can use computers to help them.Now computers _ _ _ to help them. was made to have can be used9. The foreign friends gave us some wonderful stamps.1) _ _ _ some wonderful stamps.2) Some wonderful stamps _ _ _ _. we were given were given to us10.He can mend the bi