高考英语单项选择题解题指导

1、单项选择题旨在检测学生对语言根底知识，即语法、词汇和句型的掌握和运用情况。但它是一套试题的门面，对一套试题印象的好坏和质量的评价起着重要影响。因此命题者会遵循命题要求，精心设计。单项选择题在试卷中的地位1、 覆盖面广 内容尽可能涉及所学范围中大纲所要求的所有语法词汇工程。 2、 突出重难点 试题要突出重难点，尤其是动词和词义辨析。包括时态、语态、非谓语动词、情态动词和短语辨析等。3、NMET单项选择题的命题原那么是：突出语境，强化语意，强调运用。此类题型的设置旨在测试考生根底知识在特定语境中的应用，词法、习语的识记与理解以及语用能力。单项选择题命题特点单项填空题是对考生的词汇、语法和理解的考查

2、。每一个单项填空题都是一个完整的语言世界，各种语法穿插其中，对词汇量的要求也逐渐提高。分值：15分教材：高考试题决不会依据某一种教材，而是依据考试大纲，考试大纲所规定的必须掌握的词汇的用法及根本的语法知识。考纲解读 1)近几年高考单项填空题根本表达了“知识化，语境化和交际化的特点，没有出现以前所谓的偏怪难题。题干大局部比较灵活简短，语境自然。这是第一个特点。 We forgot to bring our tickets, but please let us enter,_? A. do you B. can we C. will you D. shall weC命题趋向2)考查点的覆盖面越来越

3、广泛，但又做到了重点突出。这主要表达在复合句和非谓语动词的 考查及名词和动词用法的考查上。【例1】 Last week, only two people came to look at the house,_ want to buy it. A. none of them B. both of them C. none of whom D. neither of whomD命题趋向【例2】The country has already sent up three unmanned spacecraft, the most recent _at the end of last March.has

4、 been launched B. having been launchedC. being launched D. to be launched 命题倾向3试题的立意由简单直接的“结构立意转向复杂间接的“情景立意。试题设置的语境明确，交际情景对话形式占很大比例多是发生在学生学习或日常生活的真实情况。-Have you been wasting time on computer games again? -_ . Ive been studying a lot and I need a break.No way B. Not really C. I dont agree D. I couldn

5、t agree more.- Is there anything wrong, Bob? You look sad. - Oh, nothing much. In fact, I _ of my friends back home. have just thought B. was just thinkingC. would just think D. will just be thinking命题倾向4)题干变得较长，题干句的语义结构趋于复杂化，语言信息量越来越大，但是有效信息由外现转为隐藏。这主要表达在非谓语动词和动词时态的考查上。At the beginning of the class

6、, the noise of desks _ could be heard outside the classroom. A. opened and closed B. to be opened and closed C. being opened and closed D. to open and close命题倾向5)语义辨析和语义识别题越来越多，不但加强了对语义的考查，而且加重对词汇扩展能力的考查。I cant say which wine is best it is a(n) _of personal taste.A.affair B. event C. matter D. varie

7、tySurely it doesnt matter where the student associations get their money from; what _ is what they do with it. A. counts B. applies C. stresses D. functions 趋势分析1 纯语法的试题会减少；2根底知识考查的覆盖面会越来越广；3语境会更加突出；4注重考查学生综合运用英语能力及逻辑推理能力；5加大词义辨析特别是动词和动词短语辨析的考查。单项选择题解题技巧TIPS ON MULTIPLE CHOICE、仔细看题干, 不要只读带空格的那一句。要瞻前

8、顾后, 上挂下连, 首尾照应。、含两个空的题, 先确定有把握的那一个。3、不好判断题可采用排除法。4、单项选择的重点在动词, 应当特别注意时态,情态动词, 非谓语动词的使用及短语动词的辨析。5、题目是疑问句, 可先变为陈述句, 被动的先变为主动, 省略的先复原成完整结构, 均有利于判断。6、不可在此恋战, 12分钟内务必完成。单项选择题复原再现法语境定义法标点提示法克服思维定势法依据习惯用法消元简化法消元简化法：1.The exciting moment _at last. A. coming B. came C. come D. comeswe looked forward to即去掉句子的

9、修饰或插入成分，找出句子主干，从而简化句子结构。2. The writer，whom I often refer to at the meetings, _ famous for those works Ais Bare Cam Dwere()3. He often stands against the fence and talks endlessly with my father _ gardening problems. Ato Btoo Cabout Doff ()Strategy Two复原再现法：即通过转换句型复原句子本来面目，以便理解句意，从而降低难度。一般有以下7中情况。如：1

10、.Whom would you rather have _with you ? A.to go B. go C. gone D. going分析： 测试的知识点是使役动词have的宾语补足语用动词原形表示将要发生的动作。have sb. do sth.复原为：you would rather have whom _ with you. 一、将疑问句改成陈述句 1.Time should be made good use of _our lessons well. A.learningB.learned C.to learnD.learnsWe should make good use of t

11、ime _our lesson well.C二、改被动句为主动句 1. It was _ the old clock that the old man spent the whole morning at home Arepair Brepairing Cto repair Din repair 复原为：The old man spent the whole morning _ the old clock at home判断一个句子是不是强调句型的最正确方法 -去掉题干中的It is(was).that(who)，如果句子仍然成立-表达完整的意思，那么是强调句型；否那么，那么不是强调句型。三、

12、强调句型复原成简单句式 注意比较下面例子： 2. It was 2004 _ you joined the football club It was in 2004 _ you joined the football club. A who B that C when D which 分析： 第一句运用复原法，去掉It was.(that)即可看出句意不完整(2004前需加in)，故此句不是强调句型，而是一个含有定语从句的主从复合句。第二句那么是强调句。 CB what little Tom said to his mother sounded! A what reasonable B How

13、 a reasonable C How reasonable D What a reasonable What little Tom said to his mother sounded!很容易发现sound之后应接形容词作表语。 四、 感慨句复原为陈述句 That was we had in London 3 years ago! A wonderful time B a wonderful time C wonderful D wonderfully可复原为：We had a wonderful time in London 3 years ago。可看出该复合句中有一固定搭配 had a

14、 wonderful time玩得愉快，定语从句中省略了关系代词that。 五、 固定短语复原 Every minute is made full _ of _our lessons. A. use; study B. useful; to study C. use; to study D. used; studying 复原为：We should make full _ of every minute _our lessonsC 六、 复原省略成分 1. -What made you so happy ? -_. A. Because of my passing the exam. B. I

15、 passed the exam. C. Because I passed the exam. D. My passing the exam. (made me so happy)2. If the weather is fine, well go. If _, _.A. not, not B. no, no C. not, no D. no, notIf the weather is NOT fine, we will NOT go. If it is cheap, Ill buy it. If not, not.If you study hard, youll succeed. If no

16、t, not.3. The research is so designed that once _ nothing can be done to change it.A. begins B. having begun C. beginning D. begun=once it is begun语境定义法即根据实际语境，找到关键信息，从而准确答题。 1. 原题 -Which of the three ways shall I take to the village ? - _way as you please. 改编 -Which of the two ways shall I take to

17、the village ? - _ way as you please. A. Each B. Every C. Any D. EitherDC 不同的语境传达不同的信息,注意比较: 2. 原题 Has Sam finished his homework today? I have no idea. He _ it this morning. A. did B. has done C. was doing D. had donecA 改编 Has Sam finished his homework today? Yes. He _ it this morning.标点提示法即根据句子中的标点符

18、号，如逗号，分号，破折号等，从而正确理解句子含义。1.Tom has many friends; _ can help him. A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them 2.Tom has many friends , _ can help him. A. few of which B. few of whom C. few of that D. few of them 4. I met several people there, two of _ being foreigners. A. whom B. the

19、m C. who D. which3. I met several people there, two of _ were foreigners. A. whom B. them C. who D. which5.Mary,_hereeverybody else,stay where you are. A. come B. comes C. to come D. coming 6.Meeting my uncle after all these years was an unforgettable moment,_I will always treasure. A.that B.one C.i

20、t D.whatStrategy Five克服思维定势法：即解题时不能按照已有的思维模式，不受母语思维的干扰，而是要仔细分析句子，从而不落入出题人的圈套。 思维定势干拢 所谓定势思维，就是习惯性地遵循某一单一模式进行的思维,也就是从原有的知识经验出发，机械地套用老方法，按某种固定的思路去思考问题，轻而易举地得出 “正确答案，结果错了。 对策：运用固定词组、句子结构、语法分析法。 1. The country life he was used to _ greatly since 1992. A. change B. has changed C. changingD. have changed解

21、析易受sb be used to doing的影响而误选C。根据句意和结构可知, he was used to为定语从句，修饰先行词the country life。此空格应填谓语动词。 1. Whom was it up to _ the matter? Adecide Bto decide Cdeciding Ddecided析：答案为B项。这里考查it is up to sb to do sth这样一个句型。本句的意群应该这样划分：Whomwas it up toto decide the matter?如果不能正确划分意群，那么很可能会想当然地误选A项。2. Mr. Smith is

22、_ a good teacher _ we all respect. A. such, that B. such, as C. so, that D. so, as3.Mr. Smith is _ a good teacher _ we all respect him.A4. _ smoking here will be fined.A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. Who ever5. _ smokes here will be fined.A. Who B. Whoever C. Anyone D. WhomeverStrategy Six依据习惯用法:即根据英

23、语语言的习惯用法，防止汉语式表达。1. -Its getting late.Im afraid I must be going now. -OK. _ A.Take it easy. B. Go slowly. C.Stay longer. D. See you.2. “如果你方便的话说成英语是 if you are convenient吗?Ill come to see you if _. A. youre convenient B. it is convenient for you C. you feel convenient D. it is convenient with you 3.

24、“交通拥挤的英语是crowded traffic吗? He wants to move house, because he hates the _ here. A. crowded traffic B. crowded traffics C. busy traffic D. busy traffics4. worth和asleep的修饰词 Mary is very clever and _ worth teaching, but her brother is not. Look, he is now _ asleep in class.A. very, very B. much, very C

25、. well, very D. well, fast 5. who he is还是who it is Someone is ringing the doorbell. Go and see _.A. who is he B. who he is C. who is it D. who it is自我检测2.The letter I have been looking forward to _ at last.A. come B coming C. has come D. cameD3.Remind him_the window when he leaves.A.of closingB.clos

26、ing C.to close D.close C1. Little Jim is going to spend his holiday in Paris, _ lives his uncle.A. which B. who C. where D. thatC4.Whom would you rather_with you, Jim or Jack? A.have go B.have to go C.have gone D. has to goA5. His sister left home in 1998, and _since. A.had not been heard of B.has n

27、ot been heard of C.had not heard of D. has not heard of B6. Bruce, I really appreciate your handwriting. - _ . A. I practice every day B. Thank you very much C. No, I dont think so D. Well, its not good enoughB7. I think_, though I could be mistaken, he liked me. A. who B. which C. that D. whatC9. I

28、t is partly_ the summer day is longer that everything has a larger time to warm up. A. for B. that C. the reason D. becauseD8. We keep in touch _ writing often.A. with B. of C. on D. byD11. When I talked with my grandma on the phone, she sounded weak, but by the time we _up , her voice had been full

29、 of life. A.were hanging B. had hung C.hung D. would hangC10.If a northerner lives in south, he will probably feel that _. A. he doesnt agree to the climate there. B. the climate doesnt agree with him. C. he cant agree with the climate there D. the climate doesnt agree to him.B13.The fact has worrie

30、d many scientists _ the earth is becoming warmer and warmer these years.A. what B. which C. that D.thoughC12.-I hope you enjoyed the film last night. -How on earth do you know I went to a film? I _ you. A. wont tell B. didnt tell C. havent told D. hadnt toldB14. I tried phoning her office, but I cou

31、ldnt _. A.get along B.get on C.get to D.get through D15.-Is there any possiblity_ you could pick me up at the airport? -No problem. A.when B.that C.whether D.what B16.The little girl who got lost decided toremain_ she was and wait for mother.A.where B.what C. how D. who17.-Mum,is the pair of gloves_

32、mine? -Yes.You have to wear another pair. A.washing B.have washed C.having washed D.being washedAD18. Im trying to break the _of getting up too late .A.tradition B.convenience C.habit D.leisureC19.The factory produced many famous cars,none of_shipped to foreign countries.A.them B.which C.it D.what A20.The house I grow up_has been takendown and replaced by an office building.A.