M7U4 Grammar and usage

1、Phrasal verbsTo find out what a phrasal verb isTo find out the rules of how to use phrasal verbs correctlyObjectiveto connect sb to sb else on the telephone; to make sb do sth unpleasant or difficultto arrange to do sth at a later time or date; to make you dislike sth or do not what to do sthto choo

2、se something or someone after careful thought to make a machine such as an oven, radio etc produce more heat, sound etc.; to suddenly appear after having been lost or searched forput throughput offdecide on/uponturn up给某人接通电话；使经历给某人接通电话；使经历推迟，延迟；使反感推迟，延迟；使反感决定，选定决定，选定出现，到来出现，到来Check the answers (P57

3、 A):1. looking after 2. call, back3. deal with 4. look around5. decide on 6. put, off7. coming up 8. put, throughDo the exercises on Page 57.Check the answers (P57 B):Verb Phrasal verb sentencetaketake offThe plane to Beijing will take off at 9.00 in the morning.take upThe table takes up too much ro

4、om.givegive upMum tried to persuade Dad to give up smoking.give outThe teacher asked Mary to give out the exam paper.looklook upYoud better look up the word in the dictionary.look forIve looked for my key everywhere, but cant find it.take after（外貌）相像take apart 拆卸，拆开 take away 减去take down 写下，记下take f

5、or 把.误认为take in欺骗；吸收，吸纳take off 起飞；匆匆离开；脱下take on 承担；呈现；开始雇佣take over 接收，接管take to 喜欢，开始从事 take pictures照相take care of 照顾，照料take up 开始从事，着手处理take it easy 别紧张give away v.送掉, 分发, 放弃, 泄露, 出卖, 让步, 陷下give back v.归还, 恢复, 后退, 反射(声、光等)give in v.投降, 屈服, 让步, 交上, 宣布give off v.发出(蒸汽、光等)，长出（枝、杈等）give out v.分发, 发

6、出(气味、热等), 发表, 用尽, 精疲力竭give up v放弃give rise to引起，导致 look in 看望,成功的机会 look over 检查look about 四处观看 look after 照看，照顾look ahead 计划未来look around 随便看看look at 看，考虑look away 把脸转过去look back 回顾过去look black 怒目而视look blue 神情沮丧look down 看不起look like 看像look on 旁观look out 当心 Tell the part of speech of each word in

7、red. When the teacher came in, we were reading English. 2. When the teacher came into the classroom, we were reading English. 3. She went aboard the plane at 9.00. 4. Goods that are able to begin burning 1. easily are not allowed to be taken aboard.an adverba prepositiona prepositionan adverbA phras

8、al verb is made up of a verb plus an adverb and/or a preposition.Please look the word up in the dictionary.Please look up the word in the dictionary.They put on their safety helmets before starting to work.They put their safety helmets on before starting to work.The adverb can go before or after the

9、 object in a phrasal verb. The special train pulled in at 9 a. m.Prices of vegetables have gone up recently.If you act like this, you will get into trouble.The policemen are looking into a case.The rubbish gave off a terrible smell.A phrasal verb with an adverb does not always have an object. In a p

10、hrasal verb with a preposition, the object of the preposition always comes after it.Sometimes we can add a preposition after the adverb in a phrasal verb. I cant put up with（容忍）（容忍） him any longer.I am looking forward to（期望）（期望） hearing from her.She often looks back upon（回忆）（回忆） her bitter lifein th

11、e old society. We must catch up with them. Lets face up to the situation. Your ideas fit in with mine. Lets get down to our business. Well get through with the project next month. verb + adverb + preposition动词短语还可以包含以下几类：动词短语还可以包含以下几类： 除了这几种类型除了这几种类型:1. 不及物动词不及物动词+介词介词2. 动词动词+副词副词3. 动词动词+副词副词+介词介词4.

12、 动词动词+名词名词+介词介词例如例如: take care of 照顾，照料照顾，照料; make room for 给给腾地方腾地方; make friends with 与与交朋友交朋友; play a joke on 戏弄某人戏弄某人; have a look at 看一看看一看5. be动词动词+形容词形容词+介词介词如如: be late for 迟到迟到 be angry with 生气生气 be busy with 忙于忙于 be short for 是是的简称的简称 be interested in 对对感兴趣感兴趣 be famous for 因因而著名而著名 be goo

13、d at 擅长擅长 be different from 与与不同不同 be good/bad for 对对有益有益/害害 be friendly to 对对友好友好6. 动词动词+反身代词反身代词+介词介词 如如: help oneself to 随便吃随便吃/用用 give oneself to 热心于热心于 occupy oneself with 忙于忙于 dress oneself in 穿着穿着 devote oneself to 专心专心, 致力于致力于, 献身献身throw oneself to 投身于投身于 Your long answer just _ (意味着意味着/等于说等

14、于说) a refusal. You shall _ (改掉改掉) such habits. You must _ (继续继续) your work. The castle（城堡）（城堡） _ (追溯追溯) the 14th century.verb + adverb + prepositionadds up tobreak away fromcarry/go on withdates back toMany phrasal verbs have more than one meaning. Do you know the meanings of the phrasal verbs in th

15、e following sentences?(1) His accent gives him away as a southerner. 出卖，泄露秘密出卖，泄露秘密 (2) He gave away most of his money to charity.赠送赠送 (3) They gave away their last chance of winning the match.送掉，放弃送掉，放弃 (4) The mayor gave away the prizes at the school sports day.颁发颁发 (5) She took me in completely w

16、ith her story.欺骗欺骗 (6) He was homeless, so we took him in.收容收容 (7) Fish take in oxygen through their gills.吸收吸收 (8) I hope youre taking in what Im saying.理解理解 (9) She pays the bills by taking in washing.在家承接（活计等）在家承接（活计等） 1. I can _ the house being untidy, but I hate it if its not clean. 2011全国全国 A.

17、 come up with Bput up with C. turn to Dstick to B。本题考查动词短语。说话人表达的是。本题考查动词短语。说话人表达的是“我可以忍受房子不整洁，但是我可以忍受房子不整洁，但是”。put up with在这里的意思是在这里的意思是“忍受忍受”。come up with想出；想出；turn to转向，求助于，转向，求助于，翻到；翻到；stick to坚持。坚持。2. They are broadening the bridge to _ the flow of traffic. 2011山东山东 Aput off Bspeed up Cturn on

18、Dwork outB。本题考查动词短语。句意：他们正在。本题考查动词短语。句意：他们正在加宽桥梁以提高车流的速度。加宽桥梁以提高车流的速度。put off推迟，推迟，延期；延期；speed up(使使)加快速度；加快速度；turn on打打开开(开关、电器等开关、电器等)；work out计算出，解计算出，解决，制定，锻炼，以某种方式发展。根据决，制定，锻炼，以某种方式发展。根据句意只有句意只有B项符合语境。项符合语境。 3. You look upset. Whats the matter? I had my proposal_ again. 2011江苏江苏 A. turned over

19、B. turned on C. turned off D. turned downD。考查动词短语辨析。考查动词短语辨析。A项意为项意为“移移交交”；B项意为项意为“打开打开”；C项意为项意为“关关闭闭”；D项意为项意为“拒绝拒绝”。根据句意。根据句意“你你看上去很悲伤。出什么事了？看上去很悲伤。出什么事了？”“”“我的提我的提议又被拒了。议又被拒了。”可知选可知选D项。项。4. Born into a family with three brothers, David was_ to value the sense of sharing. 2011福建福建 A. brought up B.

20、turned down C. looked after D. held backA。本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：戴维。本题考查动词短语辨析。句意：戴维家有三兄弟，所以他在成长过程中珍视分家有三兄弟，所以他在成长过程中珍视分享意识。享意识。bring up意为意为“教育，成长教育，成长” 。5. Armed with the information you have gathered, you can _ preparing your business plan. (2012浙江浙江) set outB. set about C. set off D. set up【答案】【答案】B【解析】根据

21、句意：有这么些个你所收集【解析】根据句意：有这么些个你所收集的信息，你可以着手（的信息，你可以着手（set about doing sth）准备你的商业计划了。）准备你的商业计划了。Set out to do sth着手；着手；set off出发；出发；set up建立，均不建立，均不符合语境，故排除。符合语境，故排除。6. Mary is really good at taking notes in class. She can _ almost every word her teacher says. (2012全国全国) put out B. put down C. put away D

22、. put together7. The athletes years of hard training _ when she finally won the Olympic gold medal. (2012安徽安徽) went on B. got through A.C. paid off D. ended up 8. Would you like to _ with us to the film tonight? (2013全国全国) A. come along B. come off C. come across D. come through9. Old-fashioned phon

23、es matter when wireless networks _ in disasters. (2013福建福建) A. turn down B. turn out C. break down D. break out10. Traditionally, college students hold a graduation ceremony to encourage themselves before they _ on their life journey. (2013安徽安徽) A. give up B. settle down C. get through D. set off请点击

24、请点击word图标图标I. Multiple choice The world is _ seven continents and four oceans. A. made up of B. made out ofC. made from D. made in2. I really dont want to go to the party, but I dont see how I can _it. A. get back from B. get out of C. get away D. get off3. Youd better _ some money for special use.A. pick up B. set aside C. put off D. give away4. Can you make a sentence to _ the meaning of the phrase? A. show off B. turn out C. bring out D. take i