高考书面表达运用策略通用PPT课件

1、 Xiangyu Education Group 高考书面表达运用策略to be with us!to be with us!时 间格式词 数题 材 内 容NMET2000记叙文100左右看图目击交通事故，警察局里写报告NMET2001说明文100左右根据表格提供的信息写减负回信NMET2002说明文100左右根据表格提供的信息写回信介绍讨论情况NMET2003应用文100左右看图写回信说明找房情况NMET2004记叙文80-120看图记述与邻居交涉过程2004江苏卷说明文100左右 根据表格内容介绍家乡江城2005江苏卷说明文100左右根据所给材料谈谈建设和谐社会高考书面表达题平时要求：1.

2、 格式 2. 人称3. 要点 4. 时态5. 字数 6. 语法7. 书写报纸上有人想寻找一位网友，你有意， 给她写一封信，告诉她，你的情况 ， 你的家庭 ，学校生活。Dear friend, Im writing the letter in response to your advertisement .I am a girl of the same age withyou ,and I come from a happy and warmfamily, which includes my father,my mother and I . I study in a key school fro

3、m my hometown, but I have never regretted for my own choice, for the life here is very colorful and challenging. I am interested in stamp collecting and I have collected a lot of stamps.I also like swimming. I wish I can get in touch with you and hope to be friends with you . Yours truly, Li Hua Dea

4、r friend , I cant wait to write to you. Having knownthat you are looking for pen-friend, I am very eager to be friends with you. I just graduated from a middle school. I am 18 years old. Thereare four people in my family. My mother is a worker. My father is a doctor. My sister is astudent. My school

5、 is beautiful. I also want to look for a pen-friend. I am interested in stamp-collecting. I am waiting for your answer .Best wishes ! Yours truly, Li Hua 词汇,句型 （高级）和语法多样化（较复杂） 1.覆盖了所有的要点 2. 应用了较多的语法结构和词汇 3. 有效地使用了语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑 4. 语言得体要点全连接词如何算是一篇好文章？语言地道，规范一 改变句子的开头方式，不要一味地都是主语开头，接着是谓语、宾语，最后再加一个状

6、语。可以把状语置于句首，或用分词做状语等。The boy is very hungry and he hurried home.Hungry, the boy hurried home.The boy, hungry, hurried home.二. Transformation of sentences in writing(写作中的句型转换)把其中一句改为分词短语He had finished supper.He went out to have a walk then.Having finished supper, he went out to have a walk.A. 合并为简单句

7、二. Transformation of sentences in writing(写作中的句型转换)2. 把其中一句改为介词短语He was brought in. His hands were tied behind his back.He was brought in with his hands tied behind his back. B. 合并为复合句The Chinese artists were to perform here that night.The news cheered everyone of us.The news that the Chinese artist

8、s were to perform here that night cheered everyone of us.2 In recent years, Beijing has been advancing very fast.All these make peoples lives convenient, pleasant and colorful. which In recent years, Beijing has been advancing very fast, makes peoples lives convenient, pleasant With the development

9、of so that Beijing, peoples lives are becoming more and more convenient, pleasant and colorful. Nowadays, Beijing is developing fast peoples lives are getting more convenient, pleasant and colorful.C. 把复合句改为简单句She was anxious to find a job after she finished her studies.Having finished her studies,

10、she was anxious to find a job.1. 把从句改为分词短语C. 把复合句改为简单句2. 把从句改为介词短语I insisted that he should go.I insisted on him going.三. 在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个句式，要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等. Though he is wealthy, he works hard.Wealthy as he is, he works hard.In spite of /Despite his wealth,he works hard.三. 在整篇文章中，避免只使用一两个

11、句式，要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等. He didnt get up until 7 oclock.It was not until 7 oclock that he got up.Not until 7 oclock did he get up.As soon as we arrived at the village, we were warmly welcomed by the villagers.On arriving at the village，we were warmly. The moment we arrived at the village, we w

12、ereWe were warmly welcomed by thevillagers immediately we arrived at the village.No sooner had we arrived at the village than we Hardly had we arrived at the village when we.四.using “ complicated / advanced words” 注意使用词组、习语谚语、表强调的词来代替一些单词，以增加文采。 Dont worry about your expensesfor university education

13、, and we will try to help you. and we will make the greatesteffort /do our best / try every meansto help you.At that time the taxi driver had to ask the tourist for help.At that time the taxi driver had no choice but to turn to the tourist.I came up with a good idea.I had a good idea.A good idea occ

14、urred to / struck / came to me.五.有效使用连接词，过渡自然，连贯通顺，使文章结构紧凑。逻辑角度合适的过渡性词汇时间顺序 first, second, then, finally/at last, soon, suddenly, meanwhile, to begin with, in the end空间顺序here, there, on one sideon the other side,in front of, at the back of, next to 例举顺序for example, for instance, take for example, th

15、at is, as follows, in other words, such as 对称顺序for one thing, for the other thing, on one hand,on the other hand转折顺序but, however, while, though, otherwise因果顺序because, since, as, thanks to, as a result (of)条件顺序as long as, so long as, on condition that, if, unless让步顺序though, as, even if/though, whethe

16、r, who (what,when, where)ever递进顺序whats more, besides, to make the matter worse过渡性插入语I think, Im afraid, you know, As we all know合并为简单句把其中一句改为分词短语把其中一句改为介词短语合并为复合句把复合句改为简单句把从句改为分词短语把从句改为介词短语三，避免只使用一两个句式，要灵活运用诸如倒装句、强调句、主从复合句、分词状语等. 四，注意使用高级词汇代替一些单词，以增加文采。五.有效使用连接词，过渡自然，连贯通顺，使文章结构紧凑。一，改变句子的开头方式二，句型转换La

17、dies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school ! Ladies and gentlemen, Welcome to our school! This village is very small. It has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. It has changed a lot since 1978 . People here are richer than before. Now it is taking on a new look. This vi

18、llage is a small one with/which has nearly 100 families and about 500 people. It used to be very poor. However, it has changed a lot since 1978 and has been developing very fast. People here live a much better life than before . 书面表达：Now it is taking on a new look. In the past, the school here was v

19、ery small . Now it has been rebuilt. The newly built teaching building has 4 storeys . It is the most beautiful building in the village. All the school-age children can study here. They enjoy free education in it. Thank you. In the past, the school here was very small and most children couldnt affor

20、d to go to school. But now it has been rebuilt and which has 4 storeys is the most beautiful one in the village. All the school-age children can study here. Whats more, they enjoy free education. May you enjoy your stay herethe newly built teaching building/ May you have a pleasant time here! Thank

21、you. 抄改连扩抓审书面表达书面表达六步法审抓扩连改抄书面表达六步法一、审题理清文字信息和图画信息判断文章格式、人称、要点、时态、字数书面表达六步法二、抓要点确定主要行为用一两个词或短语 写出每句的要点书面表达六步法三、扩展成句形成基本语义单位用一些简单句、不同句型、不同句式或高级词汇将要点扩展成句书面表达六步法四、连句成文 时间 空间 细节 连贯 呼应背景（适当增加时间、地点条件等）、逻辑关系、开头与结尾、巧用连接词和过渡句书面表达六步法五、查错改错要尽量剔除错误如要点齐全、句法、语法有无问题；单词拼写、大小写和标点符号；字数范围书面表达六步法六、誊写卷面不工整扣五分 上网是中学生最热门的

22、话题之一。对此，有的同学说好，有的同学则持反对意见。请根据下面所提供的信息写一篇短文并发表自己的意见。优点缺点1、对学生帮助大1、大部分同学上网聊天，玩游戏，甚至上不良网站（websites）2、可查阅有关课程信息，上因特网学习2、 影响学生正常的学习3、了解最新信息，开阔眼界，扩大知识面3、对学生身心都造成伤害注：1、词数：100左右2、文章的开头已给出Nowadays, going online is one of the most popular topics of the students. Nowadays, going online is one of the most popul

23、ar topics of the students. The Internet is helpful to students. We can look for information and study on it. We also get latest news from it. It help us see more and learn more. The Internet has a bad influence to our study. Some students chat and play games on it. And someone even visit bad website

24、s. These hurt our both body and heart. So we should make full use of the Internet to advance us. And we also should avoid bad influences of the Internet. Nowadays, going online is one of the most popular topics of the students. Some students think the Internet is a great help to them. On (the) one h

25、and, they can get some information about / on their school subjects or take a course. On the other hand, they can learn more about the world, which can broaden their mind / views and enrich their knowledge. On the contrary, other students think the Internet does great harm to our body and mind. Inst

26、ead of studying on the Internet, most students waste their time (in) chatting, playing computer games, or even visiting ill web sites. As a result, the Internet has a bad influence on our studies. In my opinion, we students should put right our wrong doings and make full use of the Internet to impro

27、ve our studies.光明中学依山傍水，校园曾经安静美丽。一年前该校附近建了一家化工厂，学校受到了严重影响。假如你是该校的一名学生，名叫李东。请你根据下表内容用英文给中国日报写一封信，反映情况，呼吁有关部门采取相应措施。建厂前建厂后校园内鲜花盛开，树木常青；校园安静，学习佳地工厂每天排出大量污水、废气，严重影响师生健康，花草树木受到危害，工厂噪音也干扰了教学活动。注意：1 词数：100左右 2 开头已为你写好Dear editor, Im a student of Guang Ming Middle School. Our school used to Dear editor, Im

28、a student of Guang Ming Middle School. Our school used to be very beautiful. There used to be green trees and all kinds of flowers in our school all the year around. It usedto be a quite place and it was a good place for study.Things have changed since a chemical works was built Near our school a ye

29、ar ago. Every day they produce large quantities of waste water and harmful gases. The terrible pollution has done great harm to us as well as to the treesand flowers. And the great noise from the works has greatly affected our teaching and studying activities. Our school is no longer a quiet and goo

30、d place for study. We suffer a lot from the pollution.We do hope you can help us to take measures to protect our school and stop it from being polluted. Yours truly, 简述乘飞机或火车施行的利弊以及你的观点。短文应包括图表所提示的全部内容，标题与文章的第一句已给出Air travel has two advantages over train travel ,交通工具 飞机 火车 价格 900元 900元 施行时间 2小时 58小时

31、 优点省时 舒适，便于休息 便宜，可以观光 缺点 昂贵， 费时，拥挤 不利休息 审题 1 格式 议论文2 人称第三人称3 要点 ）1）飞机火车的利弊利 飞机省时，而火车费时 飞机舒服，而火车拥挤 弊飞机昂贵，而火车便宜 飞机不可观光而火车可以2）发表自己的观点 4 时态一般现在时 Train Travel and Air Travel Air travel has two advantages over train travel. First, it can save much time. We can fly from Qingdao to Guangzhou just in two hou

32、rs, but by train we have to spend 58 hours or more. Second, air traveling is more comfortable because the plane flies so smoothly that we can rest well during the trip, while the train is crowded sometimes and passengers have to sit a long time, which makes them tired. But train travel also has its

33、own advantages . For example, traveling by train costs only 250 yuan while traveling by air will take us 900 yuan. Besides this, through the trains window, we can enjoy the view of many big cities , such as Jinan, zhengzhou, Wuhan, Changsha ,etc. So I think different people like different ways of tr

34、aveling . 中国人说话重复很多，代词用得不如英文多。比如，我们说“男孩有男孩的特点，女孩有女孩的特点” ，不会说成“男孩有他们的特点，女孩有她们的。” 而英文却通常是这么说的：Boys have their traits, girls theirs. 因此，我们写英文很可能在代词方面出错误。语法错误 _ 第一节 代词错误（41）第一节 代词错误语法错误 _ 第一节 代词错误（41）第一节 代词错误1. Before leaving the classroom, we usually clean the teachers desk first and our later.（提示：注意物主

35、代词的用法。名词性物主代词有： mine, yours, his, hers, ours, theirs, its等。这句话中our应是ours表示our desks。）2. Every one in our dormitory takes the room as the second home.语法错误 _ 第一节 代词错误（42）（提示：everyone 与 every one 是不同的， every one 应与of 短语连用，如：every one of us 等。）语法错误 _ 第一节 代词错误（42）3. I am looking for a flat. Id like it wi

36、th a garden.（提示：英语中用以指代前面出现的单数名词的代词较多，如it,one,that等，而犹以it最为常见。学生往往倾向于用it指代任何单数名词。此处的it，实是指不确定的某一公寓（a flat）,应用one来指代为佳。）语法错误 _ 第一节 代词错误（43）4. Each boy has himselfs favorite toys.（提示：反身代词表达“自己”的概念。学生易根据名词所有格的构成规则，生造出himselfs的表达方式，这是大错特错的。此句宜改为: Each boy has his own favorite toys. Each boy has favorite

37、 toys of his own. )语法错误 _ 第一节 代词错误（44）5. You can sit at both ends of the boat.（提示：英语中有both,either,neither等词，都是对“两个”的概念作出不同的陈述。中国学生易将“两”的概念无限放大，而忽略了他们各自的内在意义，如both表示“两者全部”；either表示“两者中取一”。根据“一个人在同一时间只能坐在一个地方”的基本常识，此句应改为：You can sit at either end of the boat.） 中文句子结构是意合，也就是说词与词在意义上合成一句话。英文的句子结构则是形合，它用

38、连词合成句子。比如：中文说“他不来，我不去”。英文不可以说He doesnt come, I wont go，而应说成 I wont go until / before / unless he comes. 我们写英文时常在连词方面出一些错误。语法错误 _ 第二节 连词错误（41）第二节 连词错误1. Her parents died, so she lived with her grandfather in a small wooden house. However, her aunt was a bad woman and she sold her to a rich family.语法错

39、误 _ 第二节 连词错误（42）提示：however是in spite of this 或nevertheless的意思，有的语法专家称为“半连接词”，然而，可是,较but意味稍弱，如：Scotland sometimes has very strong winds, especially in winter.However, that night was the worst one in history.(Lesson 42, The Hurricane, Unit 11, SEFC-BII-B)显然，此处的however 在连接下面句子时起了误导作用。可以whats even worse

40、来替换。2. You can stick to your opinion, Ill insist on my own view.语法错误 _ 第二节 连词错误（42）（提示：两句话之间没有连词，只用一个逗号连接，是病句。该句应在Ill 前加but。）3. I have a lot of good friends in the school. We were very close to each other. One of them cried sadly when we left school last summer.语法错误 _ 第二节 连词错误（43）（提示：我们在做书面表达题时，应有效使

41、用语句间的连接成分，使全文结构紧凑，上下文连贯。显然这是个较高层次的要求，但它对增强文章逻辑性、可读性、交际性很有好处，不少学生写出来的短文虽然单个句子语法正确，但语句间缺少照应和过渡。上面这个句子最好能在one of them前加上Thats why，这样可以说明上下文的因果关系。下面还有几句。)4. In the evening I can watch news on TV or read newspapers. Whats more, I can go to bed earlier. As far as I know, everyone is happy about the new ar

42、rangement of thee things.语法错误 _ 第二节 连词错误（44）（提示：以上是2001年高考书面表达题参考答案，如果去掉划线部分的过渡性连接用词，文章可能不会准确表达作者的特定心理。）5. We have some activities in our school, like English Festival, SBA, that is Students Basketball Association.语法错误 _ 第二节 连词错误（44）（提示：同样，SBA需要一个句子来说明。）几乎每个句子都会有名词，在使用名词时，我们常犯的错误会有以下几种：单复数及主谓一致问题；同义

43、、近义词误用；按中国意思来修饰或表达。1. I hope that I can become a member of Chinese country team.语法错误 _ 第三节 名词错误（31）（提示：country 应改为national。country, state, nation应该区别清楚的。）第三节 名词错误2. The company will make a lot of things such as computers, machine robots.语法错误 _ 第三节 名词错误（31）（提示：robot 就是“机器人”的意思了。）3. I used to visit hi

44、s house to spend the weekends together.（提示：house应为family，因为后面说了spend the weekends。）语法错误 _ 第三节 名词错误（32）（提示：谓语动词的数只与主语一致，而与介词短语如这里的as well as没有关系。故此处的are应与he的数保持一致。常常会有同学因为主谓间隔过长而迷失判断方向 。）语法错误 _ 第三节 名词错误（32）4. He as well as the other group members are supposed to take turns to speak.5. A womans doctor

45、 came up to me and asked what was the matter.语法错误 _ 第三节 名词错误（33）（提示: 汉语中“的”有时表示拥有关系，如“我的书”，有时不表示拥有关系，如“红的书；而英语中的“s”则通常不是百分百表示拥有关系。有些同学学了所有格的用法，往往矫枉过正，以为什么样的名词修饰另外一个名词时都要加“s”。若此处用a womans doctor，则意为“一个女士拥有的医生”！如何不令人啼笑皆非！。宜改为a woman doctor才好。） 中文语法没有时态一说，各种时间概念是由状语表示的，如“现在”、“过去”、“正在”、“将来”等等;而在英文里，这些时间

46、概念则可以由各种时态来表现出来。再者，英语中的时态很复杂，例如，现在时态不一定表示“现在”的时间概念，再加上被动语态和虚拟语气，问题可就更复杂了。语法错误 _ 第四节 动词时态错误（41）第四节 动词时态错误1. If the library will be built before the students graduate from the school, they can also benefit from it.语法错误 _ 第四节 动词时态错误（41）（提示：在条件式时间从句中，一般现在时态用来表示将来的动作，will be 应改为is。）2. How is your trip to

47、 New York?语法错误 _ 第四节 动词时态错误（42）（提示：该问句所涉及到的时间是“过去时”，这一点中国的英语学习考往往出错，应把is 改为was。另外：再看一句，“Oh, you are back home, I dont know you were here. 同理，dont 应为didnt，是“刚才”我还不知道你在这里。）3. I felt asleep while attending the concert.语法错误 _ 第四节 动词时态错误（42）（提示：英语中有不少动词的过去式、过去名词易混肴的。如, fall / fell / fallen 和 feel / felt

48、/ felt 便是一组。）4. It was Grandmas birthday. Father, Mother and I went to visit her. She lived with my uncle in a village not too far away. Early in the morning we bought some presents and took the bus to get there.语法错误 _ 第四节 动词时态错误（43）（提示：这是1999年高考题中书面表达题的一段。看上去每个句子的时态很一致，都用了过去时，然而lived是唯一可以从“过去现在，可能还

49、会持续到将来”的一个动作，它必须是lives。）5. He had lived in New York for three years when he was a child.语法错误 _ 第四节 动词时态错误（44）（提示：在时态判别中，常常会有同学唯“时间短语”马首是瞻，而忽略了情景的分析。他们认为这里的for three years就是跟完成时连用的。实际上，live的动作是在was a child（过去时）中间发生的，而非在它之前发生，故也就不能用过去完成时。应把had lived改为lived才对。） 非谓语动词是中文中所没有的。非谓语动词包括现在分词、过去分词、动名词和动词不定式。

50、非谓语动词用法较为复杂，我们容易用错，其中常见错误是状语动作行为者与主句主语不一致。语法错误 _ 第五节 非谓语动词错误（31）第五节 非谓语动词错误1. Studying alone, his attention is concentrated on his lessons.语法错误 _ 第五节 非谓语动词错误（31）（提示：这句话译成中文似乎很通：一个人学习，注意力集中在功课上。但是，从英文角度来看，状语的动作行为者应该是he。我们可以把句子改动一下：Studying alone, he concentrates his attention on his lessons） 2. In hi

51、s opinion, get fat is a terrible thing.语法错误 _ 第五节 非谓语动词错误（32）（提示：get是谓语动词，而我们却需要做主语的动名词，我们可以这样说: Getting fat is a terrible thing.）3. Whenever I got to the market, the first thing I did was look for cartoons.语法错误 _ 第五节 非谓语动词错误（32）（提示：I did 是定语从句，显然与后面的was 没有关系，但是，was后面竟再次出现谓语动词，我们可以将look for变为to look

52、 for ，或looking for 这两种非谓语动词。）语法错误 _ 第五节 非谓语动词错误（33）（提示：是用现在名词还是过去分词，关键在于这个动作是谁发出的。句中出现了itself一词，这就说明call这个动作的发出应是team，故应改为calling。）4. Who are the boys and girls over there? A team called itself the group of learning from ComradeLei Feng.5. The children made the beds without asking.语法错误 _ 第五节 非谓语动词错误

53、（33）（提示：许多同学对谓语动词的“态”的熟悉远不如对“时”的熟悉那么强烈，更不要说是非谓语动词的态了。因此简易大家以后把“时态”叫做“态时”算了！根据逻辑意义，此处的asking应改为being asked。） 不少学生分不清形容词和副词，形容词、副词间的同义、近义词分不清，所以有必要把它们作为一个项目提出来。语法错误 _第六节 形容词、副词错误（31）第六节 形容词、副词错误（提示：注意副词修饰动词，该用wonderfully。）You cant imagine how wonderful she sings.2. Because of the rain in the morning,

54、the roads became smooth.语法错误 _第六节 形容词、副词错误（31）（提示：应把 smooth改为slippery。smooth是光滑的，而slippery则是difficult to hold、drive or walk， 有个例句可以说明这一点：Drive very carefully, the roads are wet and slippery.） 3. Mary : John says Im pretty. Andy says Im ugly. What do you think, Peter? Peter : A bit of both. I think y

55、oure prettily ugly.（提示：pretty可以用作形容词，也可以用作副词。类似词还有hard, straight等。这句话里的pretty就是副词，修饰good。）语法错误 _第六节 形容词、副词错误（32）4. I very miss her.（提示：very 虽然是副词，但它不修饰动词，该句可以这样说：I miss her very much. 类似的句子还有，I like English very much. I treasure that very much等等。）语法错误 _第六节 形容词、副词错误（32）5. Life today is more better th

56、an it was 50 years ago.（提示：比较级不可以修饰另一个比较级。对比较级的常见修饰词如even,much,still等应了然于心。此处宜将more改为much。）语法错误 _第六节 形容词、副词错误（33）6.The river is very wide to swimacross.（提示：副词very,quite,too等意义相近，用法却有所差别。只有“too”常用在“tooto do sth”的结构中，表示“太而不能”之意。）语法错误 _第六节 形容词、副词错误（33）7.He looked angry at the the couple sitting behind.

57、（提示：look可作系动词，后接形容词，意为“看上去”。但此处的look与at连用，是个实义动词，表达一个动作的概念。应将angry改为angrily。） 语法错误 _第六节 形容词、副词错误（33） 英语中有大量的介词与动词搭配式组合。例如：to put up with 表示“忍受”，只能用介词with，又如：英文“抢劫”是 rob sb. of sth.，不是rob sth. of sb.。 这就给我们写作带来不少困难。语法错误 _第七节 介词与固定搭配错误（31）第七节 介词与固定搭配错误1. Suddenly, a football hit the face and of course

58、 I felt very painful.语法错误 _第七节 介词与固定搭配错误（31）（提示：“打在某人脸上”就象rob sb. of sth.一样，是一种固定说法，应该说，hit sb. in the face.同类的还有:hit sb. on the shoulder, pull sb. by the arm(sleeve)等。）2. By working hard, I can make it reality. （提示：“将变成现实”是turn sth. into reality,类似的说法，come true, 而一般不能说 be come true。）语法错误 _第七节 介词与固定

59、搭配错误（32）3. She is a good example for me.（提示：“给树立了榜样”是be an example to sb. ，同类的说法还有，set / follow an example to sb. ，如：Marys courage is an example to us all.。）语法错误 _第七节 介词与固定搭配错误（32）4. I swear I wont cry even as tears fall from my eyes.语法错误 _第七节 介词与固定搭配错误（33）（提示：当然我们常说：even as tears come to my eyes或ev

60、en as tears press behind my eyes。）5. He went to visit one of his friends during he stayed in the city.语法错误 _第七节 介词与固定搭配错误（33）（提示：此句从汉语意思上看并无不妥。但during乃典型介词，后不接从句。故句子应改为He went to visit one of his friends during his stay in the city.才妥当。） 英语从句的种类很多，有主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句、定语从句、同位语从句、状语从句等。语法错误 _ 第八节 从句错误（31）