能源学术英语综合教程1教师手册Unit1 TB

1、Unit 1Energy and Daily LifeViewing and speakingViewing11-5:F T F F T2ferns, plants and treesorganismsdecomposea gaseous formelectricity productionplasticsindustrializationhuman healthalternativesustainableTranscriptFossil fuel is a term used to describe a group of energy sources. They were formed fr

2、om ancient plants and organisms during the carboniferous period ( 石炭纪) approximately 360 to 286 million years ago even before the age of dinosaurs. At that time the land was covered with swamps filled with organisms and plants. As they died they sank to the bottom of the swamps and oceans, and over

3、millions of years started decomposing under layers of sand, clay, and other minerals. Different types of fossil fuels formed depending on the combination of organic matter, temperature, time and pressure conditions while decomposing.There are three major types of fossil fuels: coal, oil, and natural

4、 gas. Coal was formed from ferns, plants and trees which hardened due to pressure and heat. Oil was formed from smallorganisms like zooplankton (浮游动物) and algae (藻类), for pressure caused the more complex organic matter to decompose. Natural gas was formed by the same process as oil, (but) only was e

5、xposed to more heat and pressure, causing it to further decompose and turn into a gaseous (气态) form.Fossil fuels are sought -after energy sources because they have a high energy density. They are the worlds dominant energy source. Fossil fuels have a variety of applications from electricity producti

6、on to transport fuels. They can also be used to make a variety of common products from plastics, to cosmetics, to even some medicines. These resources have powered industrialization over history and continue to do so today.Fossil fuels can be an abundant and cheap, or in some cases, a scarce and exp

7、ensive form of energy, depending on geographic location. For this reason, geopolitical issues arise due to scarcity caused by the natural geographic allocation of these highly valuable resources. Fossil fuels are considered non-renewable resources because they take millions of years to form, which m

8、eans that once they are used the resources will not be replenished in a human lifetime.The gradual depletion of the most accessible fossil fuel reserves have has forced companies to develop technologies for extracting more challenging or unconventional reserves. In many cases, this means additional

9、safety and environmental concerns as well as higher costs. Fossil fuels are also the largest emitters of carbon dioxide a greenhouse gas which causes climate change. In addition, their production causes both environmental and human health issues. These concerns have triggered society to look at alte

10、rnative sources of energy that are more environmentally sustainable and renewable. Thats fossil fuels.Speaking21 Individuals must make major lifestyle changes to reduce their greenhouse gas emissions in a meaningful way.2Turn appliances off completely when they are not in use, including your compute

11、r.Print only when necessary.Adjust your thermostat.Bike, walk or take public transport.Bring your own reusable bag when you shop.Take fewer napkins.3Refer to the script in viewing.Extensive readingIntegrated Exercises11-5:4 5 10 9 116-10:8 9 6 1 22aggressive enoughcomponents in cars, sneakers, backp

12、acks, elastic, toothpaste, toothbrush, makeup, lipsticks, frames of glasses, water bottles, cellular phones, a significant portion of TVs, cablesgasoline-powered cars, pumps, natural gas stoves, natural gas appliances for heating the house and water, power plantsPermanent University Fund, campus bui

13、ldings, Rainy Day Fundour dependence on fossil fuelsthe essential roles fossil fuels play in our daily life3More examples:Fossil fuels are of great importance because they can be burnt, producing significant amounts of energy:generate electricity;power cars, trains and airplanes;heat our homes;cook

14、our food;Fossil fuels are also important chemicals:Tar is used in road construction.Petroleum is also used in the production of plastics, textile fibers and synthetic rubber, and it is widely used in the pharmaceutical industry.Petrochemicals have a dramatic impact on our food, clothing, shelter and

15、 leisure. Some synthetics, tailored for particular uses, actually perform better than products made by nature because of their unique properties.4电力公司电网提出的计划可再生燃料发电部分地在某种程度上口腔卫生就此而言源自于支撑眼镜框太阳电池板一定会碳排放量无疑地；极大地我绝不想采掘税汽车大军燃油汽车蜂窝技术不禁纳闷超过提到天然气设备天然气灶5far and away the best actressFar be it from mederives g

16、reat pleasure from playing the violinupwards of 30,000 yuandestined never to see each other againin part because of the postal strikefor that matter, neither would ISpeaking of moneyIntensive readingWarming updaily activitiesindividual personecological footprintfossil fuelsnatural resourceselectroni

17、c deviceprocessthe environmentTeachers referenceYour carbon footprint is the sum of all emissions of CO2 (carbon dioxide), which were induced by your activities in a given time frame. When you drive a car, the engine burns fuel which creates a certain amount of CO2, depending on its fuel consumption

18、 and the driving distance.When you heat your house with oil, gas or coal, then you also generate CO2. Even if you heat your house with electricity, the generation of the electrical power may also have emitted a certain amount of CO2. When you buy food and goods, the production of the food and goods，

19、 transporting them to our locations and the amount of time they need to break down and degrade also affect the carbon footprints.Text understanding11to increase renewable energy productionto increase energy efficiency in the electric gridto make buildings more energy efficientto change our energy co

20、nsumption behavior 2Join your neighbors and save energy.Save energy to save money.Save energy to protect the environment.Conserve energy: for future generations and the benefit of society.Summer is here and its time to save energy.2to change human behaviordramatically different amounts of energy use

21、monthly billonline profilesmore frequent contactsmiley facesthey were more efficient than their neighborsmessaging on energy usedestroy mythsaddress our “status quo bias”the most powerful wedge of alladding up the minute savings of individuals to a massive scaleLanguage Building11-5:c e a b i 6-10:h

22、 d j f g21-5:C C C A C6-10:C B B B B3efficiencycompetitivenessmeasureresidentialprosperitymasspsychologistcomparisoninterventionseffective4implementhouseholdmonetaryminutecurrentdrastic5carbon footprintrenewable energyenergy efficiencyconserve energymeter readingchief scientistresidential customeron

23、line profilemonetary incentivecut backrate changebe comparable withpilot programpeak timefalse claimcommunication strategystatus quotake account ofparticipation levelcarbon emissionhousehold appliancelive side by sidebehavioral differencemonthly billthird partybackground informationgo throughgo down

24、6These behavioral differences were demonstrated in a famous psychology experiment that focused on home energy use.Inspired by the findings, Alex Laskey and Dan Yates launched Opower, a US-based energy software company.Thats comparable with the average savings the company experienced in its first mun

25、icipal pilot program in which customers were essentially paid to turn down their ACs during peak times.Messages that destroy myths can be effective because they do not require much background information or drastic changes in behavior to implement.American households, which account for around 38% of

26、 US carbon emissions, could save 20% of household direct emissions or 7.4% of US national emissions.7California, along with Florida and Hawaii, is among the most popular US tourist destinations.She visited me on the day prior to her death.They looked to the government for additional support.The zoo

27、needs better management rather than more money.Our prices are comparable with those in other shops.Academic writingMicro-skill: Formality1provideinitiatepossessundertakeadoptdeemendeavorproveresolveconstitute2slightlymultipleIn any eventsufficientdemandingabundantscarceapproach3Todays power grids wi

28、ll not be able to support the energy goals of the future.Like all great inventions, the light bulb cannot be credited to one inventor.One can hardly imagine what life would be like without fossil fuels.When considering things such as energy independence, one has to consider all of the potential cons

29、equences involved.The global warming problem cannot be separated from the energy problem.No evidence has been found of groundwater contamination.Nuclear energy should be an option, but not the only one for the future.It is obvious that the global oil supply will not sustain an overpopulated planet.M

30、acro-skill: Topic sentence1too specifictoo generalBest TSincomplete2proper order: 31254; TS: 23Example:2 WeChatWeChat has changed the way we do daily business transactions.Addicting to WeChat can be harmful.There are some suggestions as how to overcome the addiction to WeChat.4Wind industry jobs are growing fast.The world is facing three great energy challenges.A geopolitical model has several purposes.Sharing1The pie chart illustrates the sources of the average Americans carbon emissions. As is shown in the chart, transportation and