顾家北词伙vip小班北lecture

1、定语从句定语从句就是修饰名词的从句，也称之为“形容词”从句，因为它的功能类似于形容词。定语从句所修饰的名词称之为“先行词”，如果“先行词”在从句里面充当宾语，那么whom 或者 which 可以省略。定语从句特征有二：1，定语从句一般出现在一个名词后面；2，定语从句一般来说从句的句子不完整。定语从句的学习有两点：1，懂得从句还原；2 ，定语从句可以省略，对主句的语法没影响。所谓还原，就是先行词代入从句里，可以使从句完整。例 1：Students who have inborn talents can attend additional classes.先行词：students从句：who ha

2、ve inborn talents从句还原：students have inborn talents主句：Students can attend additional classesWhere, when, in which, by which 出现的时候，定语从句一般是个完整的句子，因为先行词在从句里不是充当主语或者宾语，而是状语的一部分。例 2：Children are raised in an environment where they are ex先行词：environment从句：where=in which, in which they are exed toed to.从句还原

3、：he environment, they are exed to主句：Children are raised in an environment非限制性定从句可以修饰前面整句话，也可以修 饰一个名词修饰一个名词例句：Many people today gather information on the ernet, which is an efficient approach to broaden knowledge.从句修饰ernet, 而不可能特指某个ernet.限制性定从句只能限定一个名限定（或者是特指）一个名词定语从句练习1. 大学应该给那些符合入学标准的学生提供多点机会。主句：大学

4、应该给学生提供多点机会。Universities should offer more opportunities to the students who can meet the admis standard2. 小孩受到他们每天生活中所遇到的人影响。主句：小孩受到人影响。Children are affected by the people (whom) they meet in daily life.3. 大学应该设计多点符合学生个人需要的课程。主句：大学应该设计多点课程。Universities should design more coursest meet the needs of

5、students学生需要懂得处理现实生活中遇到的问题。主句：学生需要懂得处理问题。Students should know how to deal with problemst they encounter in real lifes4. 很多学生都没有接受大学教育，这对他们的职业是个。主句：很多学生都没有接受大学教育。Many students do not receive tertiary education, which is a challenge to their occupations5. 很多大学生毕业后都喜欢留在城市，在那里，他们能找到好工作。词例句：The informati

6、ont is available online may not be reliable.从句特指某种信息（网络上的信息）。主句：很多大学生毕业后都喜欢留在城市。Graduates prefer to25minutes6. 大学生可以参加志愿工作，通过这个工作，他们可以提高技能。主句：大学生可以参加志愿工作。College students can participate in vo their skills.teer work, by/through which they are able to improve第一个一定要用 can，不能用 be able to，因为后者是需要具备一定的能力才

7、可以vulnerable group 弱势群体7. 大学生的人数一直都保持在 100 万直到 2000 年，在那之后人数急剧上升。主句：大学生的人数一直都保持在 100 万直到 2000 年。The number of college students remained at 1.000.000 until 2000, after which the numberincreased raly/sharply.8. 男生的数目比的数目高，在 2000 年，男生占了（account for）大学生的 70%。主句：男生的数目比的数目高(outnumber)，在 2000 年。The number

8、of male students was largernt of female students in 2000, when the malestudents accounted for 70% of the whole students.Males outnumbered femalethe proportion of something was 70%对something accounted for 70%对the proportion of something accounted for 70%错误Students who study overseas are ex communicat

9、ion with people from raed to different cultures, so they are able to handle lly diverse backgrounds (c)As the world is increasinglyerconnected, many countries now import goods, includingagricultural produce（农产品）, from overseas.上课讲的题目（可以根据词伙讲座的 ABc 来写一些句子） 50 分钟Multi-cultural societies, in which ther

10、e is a mixture of different ethnic peoples, bring morebenefitsn drawbacks to a country. To what extent do you agree or disagree?Sol consequence，Hold negative views on immigrants,Immigrant communities/ethniccommunity, Multi-ethnic community/multi-cultural areas, Damage cultural life, Enrichsociety, S

11、ol cohe,build community relations,sol ten,enegative stereotypes , Contribute to segregation, divide communities, develop a vided society,drive people apart, Assimilateo the local community,egrateo mainstream society,separate from mainstream society, Communication barrier,cross-cultural communication

12、,culturalerchange, A divergent way of thinking, diversify the workforce开头段As the world is increasinglyerconnected, many plaare now inhabited by people fromrally diverse backgrounds（ a variety of backgrounds）. Is sparked the controversyt the overall effect isover the impact of cultural diversity on c

13、ountries, and I be itive.ve经济发展的角度观点的原因：原因的扩展：观点（中心句）：A 不同文化背景的人使得社会文化多元化B 多国文化互相交流C 本国文化取长补短，利于本国文化发展A 文化多元性冲击本国文化B 本国传统文化，文明遗失C 不利于社会稳定科技发展的角度观点的原因：原因的扩展：观点（中心句）：社会稳定的角度观点的原因：原因的扩展：观点（中心句）：课后 ABC 思考题：Topic: Some people think develocountry should inviarge foreign company to openoffice and factory t

14、o grow their economies.Otheople think the develocountryshould keep the large company out and develop local company instead. Discuss and give your own opinion.词伙：economic problems/woes, competitive advantage/edge, attract/court investment,foreign direct investment, domestic industry, domestic firm, a

15、dvanced technology, ense/stiff competition, job creation, job creator, job opportunities经济发展的角度观点的原因：外国企业带来投资，雇佣原因的扩展：促进就业，带来观点（中心句）：经济发展科技发展的角度观点的原因：外国企业带来技术原因的扩展：提高当地劳动力的水平观点（中心句）：促进技术提高和革新经济发展的角度观点的原因：外国企业造成原因的扩展：当地企业观点（中心句）：社会不稳定Topic:ernational travel often leads people to have some prejudirath

16、ern broad-minded. What are the main reasons for this phenomenon? What do you think people can do to get a better understanding of the countries they visit?题目：ernational travel, prejudice, broad-minded问题形式：类词伙：national stereotype, prone to preconception, an unbalanced/one-sided view of,misguided view

17、 of/notion about, unfounded/unfavourable stereotype, tourist destination/holiday destination, project image, prejudiced images, reflect reality, change perception, indigenous people/inhabitant, play host to, indigenous culture, languagemunication barrier,个人价值观的角度观点的原因：用自己的文化去判断其他文化原因的扩展：容易认为其他文化不恰当（

18、譬如说觉得西方人开放，西方人觉得不够礼貌）观点（中心句）：文化差异导致偏见个人价值观的角度观点的原因：不能和当地人详细交流原因的扩展：只能按照自己的有限体验，对当地文化行成片面的看法观点（中心句）：语言差异和交流Topic 3: some people arguet the culture of a region can be used for attracting tourists,so the culture can be protected. To what extent do you agree or disagree?词伙：Tourist destination, scenic sp

19、ot, plaoferestIndigenous culture, indigenous peopleCultural heritage, heritage building, landmark buildingCommerl prere, commerlisationAdapt to the marketplace, cater for touristsFirms directly or indirectly serving the tourism industryJob creatorsWays of life, lifestyles and customs, sol norms, tra

20、ditional livelihoodsABCA游客的需要和价值观-B 改变文化 （譬如说建筑物，生活方式）满足游客C 破坏文化A 经济利益文化的价值，重视文化BC 保护文化A 吸引全球关注B 世界机构保护文化C 保护当地的文化Topic 4: Today, it issible for people to buy a wide variety of foods transported from allover the world. To what extent do you think drawbacks?t the benefits of the development outweighA

21、 饮食均衡B的营养C 健康One benefit of importing foods from overseas ist it can improve the health of localconsumers. Some out-of-season foods are available for people, because of this practice, and itis easier to keep a balanced diet. Nutritionake can be increased, so it is cleart peopleface a reduced risk of

22、 suffering from health problems related to malnutrition. This is particularly important for areas where food shortage is a problem in extreme weather conditions.A 适合生产某种食物B 出口C 创收This practice is also supported by those people who bevet this can create economicbenefits. Some countries spelise in spe

23、cific crops, either because they are at an advantageechnology or because they have natural resourt support the growth of these plants.They can thul their produce to overseas consumers and earn revenues, which can give aboost to the economy of the local community.A 竞争激烈BC 失业，经济影响On the other hand, on

24、e problem of purchasing foreign-made foodstuffs ist it may haveeconomic consequen. Once imported food items pour in, local farmers or food producersmay have to face fierce competition, and as a result, they can go brupt if their marketshare shrinks. This may lead to massive job cuts, which can have

25、a follow-on effect on the economy.课后语法思考题：当定语从句用来修饰一句话的时候，类似于什么状语从句？定语从句什么时候和条件状语从句差不多？如果先行词前面有形容词，为什么定语从句很多时候是非限制性定语从句？为什么 why, where, when 后面的句子是完整的句子，而 which 和 who 后面的句子是不完整的句子？例子：Many schools focus on bright students, who are normally not satisfied with ordinaryclasses.限制性定语从句和同位语从句前面都有个名词，它们的区别

26、是？5.当定语从句用来修饰一句话的时候，类似于什么状语从句？很多时候，类似于结果状语从句例子：many students can now study in elite universities, which improves their job prospects.等于 many students can now study in elite universities, so they can improve their job prospects.1.定语从句什么时候和条件状语从句差不多？有时候，可以将条件状语从句改成定语从句。例子：If students geto top universities, they can improve their job prospects.2.等于 Students who geto top universities can improve their job prospects.如果先行词前面有形容词，为什么定语从句很多时候是非限制性定语从句？因为有形容词的时候，名词因此作了限定，再用限制性定语从句就比较别扭3.例子：People areprospects.erested in uni