英国教育体系-英文(课堂PPT)课件

1、Chapter 5 The British Educational System1 School TodayPre-primary SchoolsPrimary SchoolsSecondary SchoolsUniversity / College 2Pre-Primary SchoolsPre-school education is available (often on a fee-paying basis) for children aged 2 to 4/5 through playgroups and nursery schools (many are private). The

2、emphasis is on group work, creative activity and guided play. 31.State Schools (公立学校): 11-year Compulsory Education (5-16)State Primary School Comprehensive School (84%), Grammar School (3%) or Secondary Modern School (7%)2.Public Schools/ Independent Schools (独立学校/公学):Prep School Public (Independen

3、t) School (7%)Two Systems of primary and secondary education in Britain:45Question: What are the main differences between the two?State schoolsPublic schoolsSchool FundingState funding from central government; Supplemented by local financeTuition fees; Endowments (捐赠) or donations from society (esp.

4、 alumni to their alma maters)Attendance93%7%Teaching Staff and FacilitiesPublic schools have better teaching staff & facilities.GraduatesStudents from the public schools are more promising, e.g. Eton College has educated 20 Prime Ministers, 6 Chancellors of Exchequers, etc.6Primary PhaseCompulsory e

5、ducation begins at 5 in England, Wales and Scotland and 4 in Northern Ireland.Pupils mainly attend state sector primary schools (co-educational or mixed schools). Infants Schools = First Schools (for 2 years from 5)Junior Schools (for 4 years to 11)Theres little or no specialist subject teaching and

6、 great emphasis is on literacy and numeracy in early years. Prep Schools (预备学校) (from 7/8 to 13) (separate; fees; entrance exam )7Secondary SchoolsState Schools (93%) 1. Comprehensive Schools (84%) (No entrance exam, general education) 2. Grammar Schools (“the 11plus” examination, preparing pupils w

7、ith academic potential for higher education)(3%) 3. Secondary Modern Schools (7%)Public Schools = Independent Schools (7%)8The National CurriculumEnglish Design & Technology Geography Mathematics Information Technology Music Science Art Physical Education History Modern Foreign Language9Exams Compul

8、sory education ends at age 16. At 16, students in England and Wales take GCSE (General Certificate of Secondary Education) examinations involving a final exam, an assessment of work done during the two-year course, or both of these things. Then they can leave school and find a job.Other pupils who d

9、ecide not to go to university may choose to take vocational training and get the GNVQ (General National Vocational Qualification).10Public Schools In the UK private schools are confusingly called public schools! Only enroll pupils from prep schools.High tuition fees + large quantity of social endowm

10、ents = affording smaller classes + better faculty (with nice salaries)Mainly single-sex rather than co-ed schools.Boarding schools. Question: Who are attending such schools? 11The students are largely from aristocratic (贵族) and upper class families.Despite the high fees they account for around 7% of

11、 the total school population.BUT opponents voice doubts: Its socially divisive and breeds elitism; they are offering more promising opportunities to 7% of British children, but its unfair for the remaining 93%! 12The Most Well-known Public Schools:Eton College (1440 by King Henry VI)Harrow School (1

12、571) (Byron, Churchill) (for Boys only)Winchester College (1394)Rugby School (1567) (Rugby was first played here.) To send a boy to a leading public school costs1200 to 2000, even 3500 a term.13Eton CollegeFor boys ONLY!Its students are from noble and upper class families. (Prince Charles, William &

13、 Harry)So far, about 20 PMs were educated at Eton.The school fee includes tuition, board & lodging, laundry, personal accident insurance, and the cost of most activities.How much is the tuition at Eton? An annual fee of about 16,000.14Eton CollegeEton Pupilswith the tutor15Higher EducationAll Britis

14、h universities are self-governing and fee-charging. They receive financial aid through the University Grants Committee from the government.Over 42% of pupils become university students on leaving school at 18.110 universities in UK (93 in England, 13 in Scotland, 2 in Wales and 2 in N. Ireland) 3 ca

15、tegories: old universities, redbrick universities (1850-1930), new universities (WWII- present). 16Entrance ProceduresIn the third term of Year 12, students prepare their applications to university. Applications are then made in the first term of the Year 13 through one centralized organization know

16、n as UCAS (Universities and Colleges Admissions Service大学院校入学委员会 ).Students can apply to a maximum of 6 universities/institutions.Admission selection on basis of A level results & an interview. 17Fee-charging (on the average: 1200-3000) DegreesBA / BSc 3 years full-timeMA / MSc 1 year full-time / 2

17、years part-timePhD at least 3 years original researchBA: Bachelor of Arts (文学学士)BSc: Bachelor of Science (理学学士)BS: 同上18Independent workStudents are supposed to investigate a topic in detail and develop their own views about it. (off-campus research)This usually involves working individually or in a

18、small group with other students to research a topic.Produce written work or make presentation for a seminar. 19Coursework 课程论文学年作业This may include essays, reports, projects, presentations or reflections. Coursework is assessed and given grades.Assessment: a combination of methodsQuestion: Is the wri

19、tten exam a must for course assessment? NOT necessarily! Take Marketing Management for example, coursework 65% (group presentation 20% + individual reflection 20% + business plan 25%) + written exam 35%20Plagiarism 剽窃Plagiarism means presenting other peoples work as ones own without acknowledging th

20、e source or referencing.Cheating or plagiarism can result in students not being allowed to graduate. Advice is normally given by your professors on an acceptable way and amount of referencing. (footnote / bibliography)21CambridgeCambridge University was founded in 1209 by students fleeing from Oxfor

21、d after one of the many episodes of violence between the university and the town of Oxford.2223Famous StudentsJohn MiltonCharles DarwinPrince Charles24Oxford University2526Famous StudentsOscar WildeSamuel JohnsonBill ClintonTony BlairMargaret Thatcher27OxfordLegend has it that Oxford University was founded by King Alfred in 872 to