第15讲 英语散文的翻译自学英语翻译 英汉翻译教学课件

1、第十五讲 英语散文的翻译英 汉 翻 译主讲教师：孙 敏What I have Lived ForBertrand RussellThree passions, simple but overwhelmingly strong, have governed my life: the longing for love, the search for knowledge, and unbearable pity for the suffering of mankind. These passions, like great winds, have blown me hither and thithe

2、r, in a wayward course, over a deep ocean of anguish, reaching to the very verge of despair.三种单纯而极其强烈的激情支配着我的一生，那就是对于爱情的渴望，对于知识的寻求，以及对于人类苦难痛彻肺腑的怜悯。这些激情犹如狂风，把我在深深的苦海上东抛西掷，使我濒临绝境的边缘。 I have sought love, first, because it brings ecstasy-ecstasy so great that I would often have sacrificed all the rest o

3、f life for a few hours of this joy. I have sought it, next, because it relieves loneliness-that terrible loneliness in which one shivering consciousness looks over the rim of the world into the cold unfathomable lifeless abyss. I have sought it, finally, because in the union of love I have seen, in

4、a mystic miniature, the prefiguring vision of the heaven that saints and poets have imagined. This is what I sought, and though it might seem too good for human life, this is what-at last-I have found.我寻求爱，首先因为它使我心醉神迷，这种难以名状的美妙迷醉使我愿意用所有的余生去换取哪怕几个小时这样的幸福。我寻求爱，还因为爱能缓解我心理上的孤独，我感觉心灵的战栗，仿如站在世界的边缘而面前是冰冷，无

5、底的死亡深渊。我寻求爱，因为在我所目睹的结合中，我仿佛看到了圣贤与诗人们所向往的天堂之景。这就是我所寻找的，虽然对人的一生而言似乎有些遥不可及，但至少是我用尽一生所领悟到的。With equal passion I have sought knowledge. I have wished to understand the hearts of men. I have wished to know why the stars shine. And I have tried to apprehend the Pythagorean power by which number holds sway

6、above the flux. A little of this, but not much, I have achieved.我用同样的激情去寻求知识。我希望能理解人类的心灵，希望能够知道群星闪烁的缘由。我试图领悟毕达哥拉斯的“数为万物之源的思想。我已经悟出了其中的一点点道理，尽管并不是很多。Love and knowledge, so far as they were possible, led upward toward the heavens. But always pity brought me back to earth. Echoes of cries of pain rever

7、berate in my heart. Children in famine, victims tortured by oppressors, helpless old people a hated burden to their sons, and the whole world of loneliness, poverty, and pain make amockery of what human life should be. I long to alleviate the evil, but I cant ,and I too suffer.爱和知识，用自身的力量把我引向天堂。但是同情

8、却又总是把我拽回到尘世中来。痛苦的呼喊声回荡在我的内心。饥饿的孩子，受压迫的难民，贫穷和痛苦的世界，都是对人类所憧憬的美好生活的无情嘲弄。我渴望能够减少邪恶，但是我无能为力，我也难逃其折磨。This has been my life. I have found it worth living, and would gladly live it again if the chance were offered me.这就是我的一生。我发现它值得一过。如果再给我一次时机，我会很快乐地再活它一次。散文翻译原那么：1文气贯穿,气韵生动 英国散文翻译家Hilaire Belloc 为文学散文翻译制定了6

9、 条原那么，认为翻译的本质是异地之魂的复活之躯 (the essence of translating is the resurrection of an alien thing in a native body) ,强调散文的翻译不能拘泥于原文之字句,要视段落或局部为整体。翻译要“以意译意( translate intention by intention) ,与林语堂提倡的翻译要“翻译要遵循行文之心理是高度一致的,这样可以摆脱原文字句的束缚,有利于发挥译入语的优势。2传神写照 “意, 气,文三位一体。在散文翻译中,我们要想译得曲尽其妙,须得传神地摹写作者的气质神韵。须知“文章以气韵为主,气

10、韵缺乏,虽有词藻,要非佳作(宋陈善?扪虱新话上?一) 。每一个作者有每一个的个性特点、气质精神,着手翻译之前,要先对作者进行深入的研究,把握其时代背景、人生经历、创作风格等,这样的翻译方能做到传神达意,否那么,难免貌合神离 。3、文学翻译非文字翻译 讲求整体效果即“神韵。有些外表忠实的译文，如果失去了散文的文采、文雅，便失去了自身的价值，终究是失败的译文。 4.保存美学价值 对于文学翻译来说, 仅仅忠实与通顺还很不够, 还要尽可能彻底地保存原作的美学价值。 5.注重词的表现力和修辞手段 译者在翻译过程中利用增减词、词性的转换或修辞手段使文字更具感染力, 并使英译文既能符合英语的表达习惯, 要着力保持原作的神韵和风姿, 到达原作的艺术效果。特别注意忠实于原文而又不拘泥于原文, 在传达意义和神韵上能与原文保持一致, 可采用增词, 减词, 变通等多种手段, 在地保存原文的美感的根底上，显示译者良好的英汉语言文学修养和精湛的译笔。4、句子层面的巧妙处理 句子的衔接和连贯 由于东西方民族的思维方式和角度不同, 其语言表述上的差异当然也是不可防止 的。例如:英语的句子结构多以主语