《英语翻译》课件经贸英语翻译

1、Chapter 6 经贸翻译文体特点文本类型词语特点句法特点翻译原则文体适应性原则术语对应性原则翻译举要1固定格式型：措辞严谨，常用术语，逻辑性强，结构缜密，多长难句，语体格式化且行文规范contract, L/C, draft, B/L, certificate of origin, inspection certificate, commercial invoice, shipping advice, policy of insurance, customs declaration传递信息性：语体非正式，强调信息传递，语言简洁清晰enquiry letter, offer, counter

2、offer, indent, cable/telex, fax, e-mail劝说诱导性：措辞严谨，修辞多变，以劝说读者为目的Sales letter, product ads, trade mark, instruction, claim letter, collection letter 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（一） 文本类型21、专业术语经常使用的贸易术语有：E组术语（启运）：EXW: Ex Works 工厂交货价F组术语（主要运费未付）FOB: Free on Board 离岸价，装货港船上交货FCA: free carrier 货交

3、承运人FAS: free alongside ship装运港船边交货C组术语（主要运费已付）CIF: Cost, Insurance and Freight 到岸价D组术语（运抵）DAF: Delivered At Frontier边境交货DES: D Ex Ship目的港船上交货DEQ: D E Quay目的港码头交货 DDU: Delivered Duty Unpaid未完税交货DDP: 完税后交货 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点31、专业术语After we have checked the L/C carefully, we

4、request you to make the following amendment: “Partial Shipments and Transshipment Allowed.” 经过仔细核对信用证，兹要求贵方作如下修改：“允许分批转运和转船。”The shipping documents for the consignment are now with us and we shall be glad if you will arrange to collect them.货运单据现在我行，请安排前来赎单。 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二）

5、词语特点42、古体词由where, there与in, by, with, after等构成的复合词汇，仅用于合同及法律文体中。特点：明晰古朴 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点thereinthereafterhereinaftertherebythereofherebyheretohereinhereofhereunder在那里；在那点上，在那方面其后，从那以后以下，在下文因此，在那方面它的，在其中特此，因此，兹至此，对此此中，于此关于此点，在本文件中在此之下，在下文52、古体词 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translat

6、ion of ETE（二） 词语特点 This Contract is hereby made and concluded by and between _ Co.(hereinafter referred to as Part A) and _ Co. (hereinafter referred to as Part B) on _(Date), in _ (Place), China, on the principle of equality and mutual benefit and through amicable consultation. 本合同双方，_ 公司（以下称甲方）与 _

7、 公司（以下称乙方），在平等互利的基础上，通过友好协商，于_年_月_日在中国_ （地点），特签订本合同。62、古体词 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点The Attachments to this Contract shall be deemed a part hereof and shall be effective as any other provision hereof.本合同的附件应被视为本合同的一部分，与其他条款有同样效力。In the event that there shall be newly increased it

8、ems of work, the Parties hereto shall enter into an agreement for the unit price of such items.如果需新增加工程，双方应另行协定该项新增工程的单价。A certificate of the Borrower shall, substantially, comply with the form set forth in Appendix 4, and the attachments specified therein.借款人证明书，其格式基本上应遵照附录4规定的格式及其规定的附件。73、词语叠用词语叠用

9、确保了合同所用词语的意思不被曲解，并使原文意思高度完整、准确，更好地体现合同作为法律文书的严肃性。 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点 It is the intent of the parties that all documents and annexes forming part hereof shall be read and taken together and that each and every provision or stipulation hereof be given full force, effect and

10、applicability. However, in the event that one or more provisions or stipulations herein be declared null and void by the courts, or otherwise rendered ineffective, the remaining provisions and stipulations shall not be affected thereby.83、词语叠用 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点able and wi

11、llingalteration, modification or substitutionbe null and void and of no effectinsufficiency or inadequacyloss or damagenegligence, fault, or failure in the duties and obligationsstipulations and provisionsterms or conditionsuse, misuse or abusevoid and voidablejust and duesole and absolute能够与愿意变更、修改

12、或替代作废并无效不足灭失或损坏未履行责任和义务条款条款使用、误用或滥用无效的和可以撤销的合理与正当的完全的93、词语叠用 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点词性分类：名词叠用(power and authority)动词叠用(alter and change)形容词叠用(sole and exclusive)连词叠用(when and as)介词叠用(before and on, over and above, from and after)功能分类：少数词语叠用追求并列词语相同的意义，翻译时取其相同含义：null and void, t

13、erms and conditions, provisions and stipulations多数词语叠用强调词语间的意义差别，使表达更加完整准确，翻译时要识别近义词之间的差别，找出汉语中的对应词。103、词语叠用 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点All permits, taxes and other fees arising from the prosecution and execution of the project shall be solely shouldered by the Contractor.项目施工过程中所产

14、生的许可证费、税费及其他费用全部由承包方负担。项目执行、施工过程中所产生的许可证费、税费及其他费用均由承包方负担。Any supplement, modification or alternation agreed by both parties shall be taken as an integral part of the Contract, and has the equal legal force as the Contract itself.经双方同意，对本合同的任何补充、修改应作为合同不可分割的组成部分，并具有与合同同等的法律效力。经双方同意，对本合同所作的任何补充、修改或变更应

15、作为合同不可分割的组成部分，并具有与合同同等的法律效力。114、用词简洁 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点D.P.: Documents against payment 付款交单D.A.: Documents against acceptance 承兑交单All sales are final. 一经售出，概不退换ENCL: enclosure随附I.R.O: in respect of关于A/C: account FYI: for your information供参考L/C: letter of credit 信用证C/O: car

16、e of 由 转交We are delighted to receive your letter of November 29 asking whether we can supply you with Art. No 3609.我方很高兴收到贵方11月29日来函询问可否提供3609号货品。125、词语专业性强，多义现象普遍current assets 流动资产；current liability 流动（短期）负债current cost accounting现时成本会计current account往来账户；活期帐户；往来账目 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation o

17、f ETE（二） 词语特点Buyers or their chartering agent shall advise the Seller by fax 10 days prior to the arrival of the carrying vessel at the port of shipment of the contract number, name of the carrying vessel, approximate loading capacity, lay days and port of loading.买方或其租船代理人须于载货轮抵达装运港10天前以传真方式通知卖方合同号

18、、船名、大约受载重量、预计抵达日期及装运港名。在承运船抵达装货港10天前，买方或其船代须将合同号、承运船名、船舶的近似载重量、船舶在港时间和装货港以传真的方式告知卖方。135、词语专业性强，多义现象普遍 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点There is a tendency for an organization of this type to be rather romantic; this place isnt romantic it actually makes money. He is impressed equally by

19、the open information policy, which circulates details of all meetings to employees, and the rapid growth.这样的公司常常是很浪漫的，但这个地方并不浪漫，实际上它是赚钱的。公司的信息公开政策同样给他以很深的印象，所有公司的会议的细节及迅速发展状况都传达给雇员。这种类型的公司一向是浮而不实的，而这家公司并非如此实际上，它是盈利公司。公司的信息公开政策以及迅速成长的态势在相同程度上给他以深刻的印象，信息公开政策是指所有会议的具体内容都传达到全体员工。145、词语专业性强，多义现象普遍 第一节 文体

20、特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 词语特点This draft is payable on the 19th of November.本汇票11月19日到期支付。Your expenses will be reimbursed in full.贵方的开支将得到全部付还。This letter of credit will be honored only if the seller submits a letter or telex from AAA Company certifying that all terms and requirements unde

21、r L/C No. 83658 have been complied with.本信用证将被承兑，只要卖方提交一份AAA公司发出的信函或电传证明编号为83658的信用证上所有的条款和要求已得到履行。The fee will always have to be borne by the beneficiary.该费用总是由受益人支付。151、信息性文本中常用套语，语气委婉礼貌 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（三） 句法特点We have/take pleasure in informing you that 兹欣告贵方In reply to your

22、letter of, we 兹复贵方来函，我方We thank you for your letter ofcontents of which have been noted/have had our careful attention. 谢谢贵方月日来信，内容已悉。We are sorry for the inconvenience that may have caused you.对给贵方造成的不便我方深表歉意。We shall appreciate your prompt attention to the adjustment of these errors.望即修正这些差错，不胜感激。

23、Thank you in advance for 承蒙谨先致谢。We must apologize for the delay in replying to your letter of迟复贵方*年*月*日来函，深表歉意。161、信息性文本中常用套语，语气委婉礼貌 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（三） 句法特点Always with pleasure at your service. 竭诚为你效劳。This offer remains effective/ valid/ firm/ open for ten days from 18th Octobe

24、r.本报盘自10月18日起，有效期10天。With reference to your indent No. , we have not yet received the relative L/C. As this order has been outstanding for considerable time, we would ask you to give this matter your immediate attention.关于贵方第号订单，我方仍未收到相关的信用证。由于此订单悬而未决时日已久，兹要求贵方给以迅速处理。In compliance with the terms of

25、the contract, we would forward you by airmail a full set of nonnegotiable documents immediately after the goods are shipped.根据合同条款，一俟货物装船，我们将给贵方航空邮寄全套不可转让单证。172、劝说诱导性文本修辞多变，以说服读者为目的3、固定格式的正式文本结构严密，逻辑性强，常用长句难句，行文严谨正式 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（三） 句法特点 It is agreed between the party mention

26、ed in Box 3 as the Owners of the motor-vessel named in Box 5, of the GT/NT indicated in Box 6 and carrying about the number of metric tons of deadweight capacity all told on summer load line stated in Box 7, now in position as stated in Box 8 and expected ready to load under this Charter Party about

27、 the date indicated in Box 9, and the party mentioned as the Charterers in Box 4 that: 兹有第3栏所列的下述船舶所有人与第4栏所指的承租人，双方协议如下： 内燃机船船名见第5栏，总吨/净吨见第6栏，根据夏季载重线载重量所载大约公吨数见第7栏，现在船舶动态见第8栏，根据本租船合同做好装货准备的大概日期见第9栏。18 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETEPracticeYour early reply to our specific inquiry will be highl

28、y appreciated.All expenses and risks thereinafter shall be born by your side.In the event the Buyer does not furnish the seller with shipping instructions on or before August 17, 2007, the Seller may at his option cancel this contract and demand the Buyer to pay any damages he has sustained on accou

29、nt of such failure of the Buyer to give such instructions.据我方所查，该货早在二月就交付了。甲乙双方须根据所述合同条款进行施工。如果贵方价格很有竞争力，我方就可大量出售服装。19 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETEPracticeYour early reply to our specific inquiry will be highly appreciated.如蒙贵方早日答复我方的具体询价，不胜感激。All expenses and risks thereinafter shall be bo

30、rn by your side.此后发生的一切开支费用及风险损失均由贵方承担。In the event the Buyer does not furnish the seller with shipping instructions on or before August 17, 2007, the Seller may at his option cancel this contract and demand the Buyer to pay any damages he has sustained on account of such failure of the Buyer to giv

31、e such instructions.如买方在2007年8月17日前未向卖方发出装运通知，则卖方可自行决定取消本合同，并要求买方赔偿因未发出装运通知而使其蒙受的一切经济损失。20 第一节 文体特点Chapter 6: Translation of ETEPractice据我方所查，该货早在二月就交付了。According to our investigation, the goods were delivered as early as in February.甲乙双方须根据所述合同条款进行施工。Both Party A and Party B shall execute the works

32、 in the light of the conditions of the said Contract.如果贵方价格很有竞争力，我方就可大量出售服装。We can sell a lot of garments provided that your price is highly competitive.21 译文与原文从文体角度上来说是相应的，不同文体翻译成另一种语言后读者会感到所用的语言与原文是符合的。比如商务信函翻译后还是商务信函，合同语言翻译后读起来还是合同语言。 第二节 翻译原则Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（一） 文体适应性原则Your early re

33、ply is highly appreciated.承蒙早日回复，不胜感激。The amendments to or alteration of this contract become effect only after they are signed by parties hereto and approved by the original approving authorities.对本合同的修改须经合同各方签字并由原审批机关批准后方可生效。 Marketing occurs when people decide to satisfy needs and wants through e

34、xchange.【原译】当人们开始通过交换来满足欲望和需求的时候就出现了营销。22 第二节 翻译原则Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（一） 文体适应性原则 All services in business such as gift wrapping, delivery, and credit have some amount of costs associated with them, and these costs must be covered by higher prices.【原译】商业中所有的服务诸如礼品包装、送货以及赊账都有相应的成本，而这些成本要靠较高的

35、价格来弥补。【改译】商务活动中的所有服务，诸如礼品包装、送货和赊购等，都有其相应的成本，而这些成本必须通过提高价格得到补偿。 The credit which evidences shipment of 2000 tons of steels may be used against presentation of the shipping documents.【原译】该信用证证明装两千吨钢材凭提交装船单据使用。 【改译】本信用证明证明两千吨钢材已装船，凭装运单证议付。23 第二节 翻译原则Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（一） 文体适应性原则 Should for c

36、ertain reasons the Buyers not be able to inform the Seller of the foregoing details 10 days prior to the arrival of the vessel at the port of loading or should the carrying vessel be advanced or delayed, the Buyer or their chartering agent shall advise the Sellers immediately and make necessary arra

37、ngement.【原译】若买方由于某种原因不能于装运轮抵达装运港10前将上述详细情况通知卖方，或装运轮提前或推迟抵达，买方或其运输代理人须立即通知卖方并做出必要的安排。【改译】如果买方由于种种原因不能于承运船抵达装货港10天前将上述细节告知卖方，或如果承运船提前或推迟抵港，买方或其船代须立即通知买方并作出妥善安排。24 第二节 翻译原则Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（一） 文体适应性原则 A given currency could , therefore , never rise above nor fall bellow fixed points which a

38、re called intervention points.【原译】因此，一种货币上升时既不得高于固定点，下降时也不能低于它。这个固定点就称之为“干预点”。 【改译】因此，某种货币升值时不得高于上限定点，贬值时不得低于下限定点。这两个定点就称作为干预点币值波动的上下限。 Business is a combination of all these activities: production, distribution and sale, through which profit or economic surplus will be created.【原译】商务是指生成、配送、销售等一切活动

39、的组合，通过这些活动，创造利润和经济盈余。【改译】商务是指生成、配送、销售并创造利润的所有关联活动。25 术语对应性原则是指经贸文体中的术语翻译成另一种语言时仍是对应的术语，即行话，而不是普通的语言。 经贸英语涉及的门类广泛，大部分词语都有其在各门类中特殊的术语含义，如trade mark，汉语术语为“商标”，用于指定公司产品的名称或标记，一经注册，受法律保护，不得冒用侵犯。 经贸行业内约定俗成的说法，也就是我们所说的“行话”，也就是我们平时所说的业务英语。如knocking copy 为一广告学用语，指“攻击性广告字眼”，译成其他的表达就是不地道，不是行话。 第二节 翻译原则Chapter

40、6: Translation of ETE（二） 术语对应性原则26 第二节 翻译原则Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 术语对应性原则 A particular average is an insurance loss that affects specific interests only. A general average is an insurance loss that affects all cargo interests on board the vessel as well as the ship herself.【原译】个别海损，指仅涉及某项具

41、体财物的保险损失。综合海损，指涉及船上所有货物和船本身的保险损失。particular average“单独海损”，specific interest中的interest 为保险涉及的“利益方”，general average “共同海损”，即损失由该保险涉及的各货方和船方分摊。27 第二节 翻译原则Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 术语对应性原则 General cargo vessel : A vessel designed to handle break bulk cargo such as bags , cartons , cases , crates

42、and drums, either individually or in unitized or palletized loads.【原译】普通货船：一种设计用来或单独或联合或平行地装载诸如包裹、纸板箱、箱子、板条箱和圆桶等散装货物的货船。此名称应为“杂货船”，原文列举的袋子、纸箱、箱子、半条线、桶等都是杂货（break bulk）的包装物，这些包装货可单独（individually）装载，也可成组（unitized）装载，或者货盘化（palletized）装载。28 第二节 翻译原则Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 术语对应性原则production and

43、distribution schedules【原译】生产和分配计划时间表【改译】生产和销售计划/安排表 protest 【原译】抗议【改译】拒付工商税地产增值税完好货物税公路税印花税地价税车辆通过税所得附加税版税Industrial and commercial taxBetterment levyDuty for sound goodsToll of roadstamp dutyTax on price of land wheelageIncome tax in chargeCopyright royalty29 第二节 翻译原则Chapter 6: Translation of ETEPr

44、actice Within 30 days after the signing and coming into effect of this contract, the Buyer shall proceed to pay the price for the goods to the seller by opening and irrevocable L/C for the full amount of USD30,000 in favor of the Seller through a bank at export point so that the Seller may draw the

45、sum in due time. 买方须于本合同签字并生效后30天内通过出口地银行开立以卖方为受益人的不可撤销信用证支付全部货款计30000美元，以便卖方可以及时提取该款。30 在汉译文中运用四字结构可充分显示经贸英语简洁、凝练的风格，体现经贸英语的文体特征。 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（一） 运用四字结构Work on small profit margins cannot grant open-account facilities.薄利经营，无法赊账。Thank you for your kind consideration.承蒙垂注，谨致谢

46、意。We should be much obliged for any information as to the standing of the firm, and you may rest assured that anything thus communicated will go no further.如蒙惠告该公司的信用状况，我方将不胜感激。对任何有关的资料，我们将予以保密，敬请放心。31 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（一） 运用四字结构All disputers arising from the execution of, or in

47、connection with, this contract shall be settled amicably.凡因执行本合同而发生的或与本合同有关的一切争议，均须通过双方友好协商解决。We are sorry to inform you that your claim against us for short weight is unsuited to the international insurance claim standards.歉告贵方提出的短重索赔与国际保险索赔的标准不符。We enclose herewith an invoice amounting to $5,000,

48、for which we shall appreciate it if you will send us a cheque at your convenience.谨奉上金额为5000美元的发票一份，敬希寄来支票，不胜感激。32 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（一） 运用四字结构质量上乘，包装精美，规格齐全，欢迎选购High quality. Fine package. Complete specification. Orders welcome.我市拥有多种类型的旅游饭店和度假村，环境优美、功能齐全、服务良好，为游客提供理想的旅居之所。There

49、are hotels and holiday resorts of various types in the city, featuring fine environment, full functions and superior services, offering perfect accommodation to tourists.33 商务应用文书常以程式化的行文用语来传递所需表达的内容。这种程式化套语格式相对固定，行文方式为业内人士所熟悉，是一种约定俗成的表述方式。在翻译商业文件时套用这些程式套语可使译文在体例、风格等方面符合商务文书的特点，保持译文与原文风貌的一致。 第三节 翻译举

50、要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 运用商务套语兹通告，友谊公司将采取一切必要的措施，追究任何未经许可制造和/或销售注有友谊商标服装当事人的责任。Notice is hereby given that FRIENDSHIP Ltd. will take all necessary measures against any party manufacturing and/or selling any garments bearing the trade mark of “FRIENDSHIP” without being authorized.自2007年4月15

51、日起，张丽女士与本公司脱离关系，特此通告。Notice is hereby given that Ms. Zhang Li is no longer connected with our company, with effect from April 15, 2007.34 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（二） 运用商务套语 WHEREAS Debtor cannot meet his payments to us; and WHEREAS we have agreed to accept 70% of the debt as full satisf

52、action of his debt to us; THEREFORE, we promise and agree to accept from Debtor in any claim we have against his 70% of the debt to be paid as follows: 鉴于债务人无法偿还债务；并鉴于我们已同意接受把付还七成债款当作已全部还清对我们的欠款； 因此，我们同意按下列条款接受债务人在我们对他的债权要求中偿还七成债款：35 翻译时，可改变句子的结构或行文的布局以使译文符合经贸应用文书的体例和格式。 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translati

53、on of ETE（三）调整句子结构Minutes of the Directors Meeting A Directors Meeting was held on Friday, May 30, 2014 at 9:00 a.m. at the meeting room of the Company, Mr. Seers in the chair.Present: Mr. SenearMr. LundMr. Krute Mr. PoageMrs. SandieMr. Seers董事会会议记录时间： 2014年5月30日上午9时地点： 公司会议室出席者： 塞尼尔先生，伦德先生、科鲁特先生、波格

54、先生、桑迪夫 人、西尔斯先生主席： 西尔斯先生36 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（三）调整句子结构We inform you that your order has been dispatched.贵方所订货物业已付运，特此奉告。We acknowledge receipt of your letter of the 5th inst. and regret to learn that you are unable to extend the subject L/C.本月五日来函收悉。获悉贵方未能将标题所列之信用证予以展期，深感遗憾。37 译文的文

55、体风格是否与原文相似，在很大程度上取决于译文选用的词语。语言就其交流形式而言，可分书面语和口头语；词语就其使用的语境而言亦有雅俗之分。 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（四）选用得体的词语 由于不可抗力引起的延迟交货，或者不交货，卖方将不负责任。但在此种情况下，卖方应向买方提供一份由中国国际贸易促进委员会或职能机构出具的证明作为证据。 The Seller shall not be held responsible for late delivery or non-delivery of the goods due to force majeure.

56、However, in such case the Seller shall submit to the Buyer a certificate38 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（四）选用得体的词语贵方7845号合同项下的货物已交格林伍德轮发送，预定5月15日左右抵达伦敦。 Your goods under Contract No. 7845 have been shipped by M/V “Greenwood”, which is planned to arrive at London around May 15.Your consignmen

57、t under Contract No. 7845 has been dispatched by M/V “Greenwood”, which is scheduled to arrive at London around May 15.offer发盘，报价开价Reimbursement偿付还钱Port口岸，港口码头Document单据，单证文件Enquiry询价，询盘探究，调查collection托收收集，集合391. be subject to 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（五）常用词语翻译举例depending on as a conditi

58、on, 必须、应当The Contract is subject to government approval.本合同须由政府批准。under the authority of or be obliged to obey, 在条件下，根据Subject to the terms of this Agreement, the Producer agrees to be bound by the terms of the following marketing agreement.在本协议条件下，制造商同意接受下列销售协议各条款的约束。Subject to Clause 17, no variation in or modification of the terms of the Contract shall be made except by written amendment signed by the parties.根据第17条规定，合同的任何变更或修改，必须以双方签订的修改文本为准。40be subject to 第三节 翻译举要Chapter 6: Translation of ETE（五）常用词语翻译举例depending on as a condition, 必须、应当The Contract