高考英语动词辨析及考点归纳

1、高考英语动词辨析及高考题精练辨别拼写相近的词语这类动词有：lie（位于，在）,lie（散谎）与lay（放置，下蛋）;find（找到，发现）与found（成立，建立）;share（分享）与spare（抽出，匀出，腾出）等。如:B. careD. shareLet Harry play with your toys as well, Clare -you must learn to )A. supportC. spare【分析】答案选 Do让Harry和你玩你的玩具，这是 分享(share)二、动词与主语的搭配All the leading newspapers the trade talks b

2、etween China and theUnited States.（全国卷）A. reportedB. printedC. announcedD. publishedprint（印刷）;【分析】答案选 Ao主要报纸 repo假道）中美贸易会谈 announce（宣布）；publish（出版）。Words me when I wanted to express my thanks to him for havingsaved my son from the burning house.（上海卷）failedC. discouragedleftD. disappointed【分析】答案选 Ao

3、words fail me是惯用语，与I cannot find words相当, 意为 我无法用语言来表达（自己的感情等）”。三、动词与介词的搭配B. sparedD. missedAs we joined the big crowd I got from my friends.（ 全国卷）A. separatedC. lost【分析】 答案选 Ao 只有 separated能与 from 连用：get / be separated from 与分散了。Mary finally Bruce as her life-long companion（ 伴侣）.（上海卷）A. receivedB.

4、acceptedC. madeD. honored【分析】答案选 Bo能与as搭配的有accept和honor,但由句思可知用accept: accept as 认可 是；honored as 尊敬 为。四、动词与名词的搭配The three sisters decided to hold a family party to their parentssilver wedding.（上海春招）A. celebrateB. memorizeC. congratulateD. welcome【分析】答案选 Ao动词celebrate（庆祝）与名词their parents silver weddi

5、ng（父母亲的车艮婚 ）搭配恰当。 memorize 记住； congratulate 祝贺； welcome 欢迎。A man is being questioned in relation to the murder last night.（江苏卷）A. advisedB. attendedC. attemptedD. admitted【分析】答案选 Co the attempted murder企图谋杀犯。advise建议；attend 出席，注意，照顾；attempt企图；admit允许某人进来，接受某人入学， 容纳，承认。If anybody calls, tell them I m

6、 out, and ask them to their nzand address.隹国卷）A. passC. takeB. writeD. leave【分析】答案选 Do leave their name and address留下姓名和地址。A. returnsC. answersB. repliesD. receivesIf no one the phone at home, ring me at work.（全国卷）【分析】答案选 Co answer the phone / the door bell接电话/听到门铃后去开门。The captain an apology to the

7、passengers for the delay caused bybad weather.（全国卷）madeB. saidC. putD. passed【分析】答案选 A。 make an apology to sb. for sth.因某事给某人道歉。6. I learned toA. driveC. operatea bicycle as a small boy.（全国卷）rideD. run【分析】答案选Bo ride a bicycle / horse骑自行车/马drive a car开（驾驶） 汽车 operate（或run） a machine / a factory 开动机器

8、/ 管理工厂； run经营。7. 一 When shall we start?Let it 8:30. Is that all right? （ W匕京卷）A. setB. meetmakeD. take【分析】答案选 Co “make it时间”意为 就定在什么时间吧 8. The cars give off a great deal of waste gas into streets.一Yes. But I m sure someghWill be done to air pollution.（ 上海卷）A. reduceB. removeC. collectD. warn【分析】答案选

9、A。reduce air pollution降低污染。remove移开；collect收 集；warn警告。五、近义词的细微差别这类动词有： 表示 着”的 see, watch, notice, observe, glance, stare 表示 说”的 say, speak, tell, talk;表示 花费”的 spend, cost, take, pay;表示 变化” 的 turn, get, become, go, grow; 表示 适合”的 suit, fit, meet, satisfy; 表示 继 续 / 延续”的 continue, last, keep;表示 收至U / 接受

10、”的 receive, accept;表 示 携带”的 bring, take, fetch, carry 等。 如：On hearing the news of the accident in the local mine, sheB. changedpale.（湖北卷）A. gotC. wentD. appeared【分析】答案选C。go作系动词，多指人或事物变得不好的场合，如： go bad / sour / mad / blind / pale （食物）变质/变酸/变疯/变瞎/变 得苍白，但不与old, tired, ill, angry等词连用。get常用于口语，多指身 体、天气、情

11、感等方面的变化，如： get well / fat / cold / angry / worried 变好/变胖/变冷/生气/忧虑；appear作系动词，意为 好像、似乎”；change不作系动词，后面不接形容词。He teacher after graduation.（天津卷）A.becomeB.turnedC. grownD. passed【分析】答案选 B。turn和become后都可接名词，但turn后的单数名词 前通常不要冠词；grow着重渐变的过程，且多指由小变大或由少变多， 反之则用 become。The evening news comes on at seven o cloc

12、k and only thirtyminutes.（四川卷）A. keepsC. finishesB. continuesD. lasts【分析】答案选D。因为keep指保持某种状态，不用来指持续多久；finishes 是短暂性动词，不与时间段连用；continue虽可指持续多久，但时间段前通常要用for;而last表示持续多久，其后的时间段前通常省略for。If you are feeling so tired, perhaps a little sleep would.（浙江卷）A. actB. helpC. serveD. last【分析】答案选B。因为serve（服务）和last（持续

13、）很容易排除。help意为 有 帮助，有用，减轻，补救；而act则意为 起作用，生效（=produce an effect; work）：显然，前者是起好作用，而后者则不一定，因此， B最佳。一 How about eight oThat me fine.clock outside the cinema?卷）B. meetsD. suitsA. fitsC. satisfies【分析】答案选 D。fit (=be the right size or shape for)指衣物鞋帽等的形 状大小 舍适，合身；satisfy指达到”要求或 符合”条件、满足”需要/欲 望/好奇心等；meet (=s

14、atisfy),指符合、满足”需要/要求/条件/愿 望等；suit表示符合”某人的需要或要求(=satisfy)、衣服或发型等 适合于“某人(=look attractive on sb.)、对某人方便或合某人心意 (=be convenient for sb.)。句意是：那对我很方便或这很合我的意。John was late for the business meeting because his flight had been by a heavy storm.(辽宁卷)A. keptB. stoppedC. slowedD. delayed【分析】答案选 Do delay在句中意为 使迟

15、到/延误(=cause sb. to belate),另外还有 推迟(=put of贬意。keep使某人耽搁或耽误(=hold back, prevent);stop使停止或阻止；slow 使变慢或减速 (=make or become slower)o一 Do you think the Stars will beat the Bulls?Yes. They have better players, so I them to win.(全国卷)A. hopeB. preferC. expectD. want【分析】答案选Co根据他们有更优秀的运动员”，可以预料(expect) ” 他们会赢，

16、而不是 更喜欢(prefer)或想要(want)他们赢。hope不可接 sb. to do sth.。him and then try to copy what he does.（全国卷）A. MindB. Glance atC. Stare atD. Watch【分析】答案选 D o模仿前需要 观察(watch):而不是 快速地看一下(glance) 或盯着看(stare),更不是 照看(mind):They the train until it disappeared in the distance.（全国卷)A. sawC. noticedB. watchedD. observed【分析

17、】答案选Bo由until可知，要用延缓性动词，排除 A和C; watch 表示 注视，观看”活动变化的人或物，observe表示 仔细观察 (=watch careful)。Shefor one hour but didn全国much.(一 What did you think of her speech?B. spoke; sayD. said; say卷）A. spoke; speakC. said; speak【分析】答案选Bo speak除可接表示语言的名词作宾语外，一般作不及 物动词，且着重说话的动作过程；say是及物动词，着重说话的内容。第一空后无宾语，用spoke,第二空后有代词

18、 much作宾语，用say。Some passengers complain that it usually so long to fill in travelB. takesD. sparesinsurance documents. （h海卷）A. costsC. spends【分析】答案选Bo能用形式主语句式的只有 cost和take;又因cost一般 只以钱作宾语，而take既可用钱又可用时间作宾语。It seems difficult tohurt ” from“_ihjW) in meaA. judgeB. tellC. divideD. separate【分析】答案选Bo四个选项都

19、可与from搭配，要从各自的意义去区分：tell A from B 分辨 A 和 B。judge A from B 根据 B 来判断 A ; divide / separateA from B把A和B分隔/分离开) May I speak to Mr. Thomas, please?一I m afraid he isn t in. Would you like to a meksige?(A. takeB. writeC. leaveD. tell【分析】 答案选 Co leave a message留个口信；take a message for sb.给某 人捎个口信。六、在特定语境中考查动

20、词的意义与用法试题所给四个选项在意义或用法上相差较大，需要根据上下文的意思，即语境来确定一个正确选项。如：一How do you we go to Beijing for our holidays?一I think we d better fly there. It s much moieicon)fortable.(A. insistB. wantC. supposeD. suggest【分析】答案选 Do从答语I think we d bette可知；上文是在征求意见 或请提建议，所以选 DoWill $200?一I m afraid not. We need at least 50 mo

21、re dollars匕卷）A. countB. satisfyC. fitD. do【分析】答案选 Do从答语可知，是问是否够了工表示 够了，合适要用 do ( =be enough, be suitable)。They see you as something of a worrier,problems which don exist and crossing bridges long before you come to them.（重庆卷）A. settingB. discoveringC. seeingD. designing【分析】答案选Co根据句意 池们把你看成是一个杞人忧天的人，

22、常常 考虑一些并不存在的问题，为那些尚未发生的事情而烦恼。”可知，只有see才有 考虑”之意。set设置；discover发现；design设计。The taxi driver often remains passengers to their belongings whenthey leave the car.隹国卷）A. keepC. holdB. catchD. take【分析】答案选D。乘客下车时，司机提醒乘客把自己的东西带走(take)I love to go to the seaside in summer. It good to lie in the sun orswim in

23、the cool sea.(全国卷)A. doesC. getsB. feelsD. makes全 ll never j【分析】答案选 Bo由good可知应选系动词，排除 A和D;躺在阳光下 或在凉爽的海水里游泳 感觉(feel)真好，而非 变得(get)好。You re your time trying to persuade him; he国卷）A. spendingB. wastingC. losingD. missing【分析】答案选 Bo可接time （in） doing sth.的有spend加费）和waste（浪 费）；由他决不会加入我们可知你试图劝服他”是浪费（waste）时间

24、。I can you to the market in my car.（全国卷）A. sendB. pickC. rideD. take【分析】答案选 Do由in my car可知是 我”用车带你去市场，表示 带某人到/用take sb. to send送或派（但本人是不去的），与in my car矛盾No, dear. They don卷)一Mummy, can I put the peaches in the cupboard?well. Put them in the fridge instead.(A. keepB. fitC. getD. last【分析】答案选 Ao指食物保持良好，

25、用 keep。fit合身；get变成；last持 续多久。Have a good rest; you need to your energy for the tennis matchthis afternoon. （W匕京卷）A. leaveB. saveC. holdD. take【分析】 答案选 Bo save （=keep sth. for future use储蓄。save one s energy / strength积蓄力量/留着劲儿。leave离开，留下；hold保持（姿态）。10.Why haven t you bought any butter?I to, but I for

26、got about it.（ 北京卷）A. likedB. wishedC. meantD. expected【分析】答案选C。由but I forgot about it,可知 原本打算”去买的，表示 打 算做某事用mean to do sth。Nick is looking for another job because he feels that nothing he doeshis boss.（北京卷）A. servesB. satisfiesC. promises【分析】答案选B。句意:一样事使老板满意的。表示The thing thator not.（上海卷）A. mattersC

27、. considersD. supportsNick要找另一份工作，因为他感到他做的没有 使某人满意用satisfy sb.。is not whether you fail or not, but whether you tryB. caresD. minds【分析】答案选 Ao matter(=is important)要紧、重要。that matters是定语 从句。七、动词的句型搭配They ve us $150,000 for the house. Shall we take（ft?S卷）A. providedB. suppliedC. shownD. offered【分析】答案选Do

28、能接双宾语的只有 show和offer,但show sb. sth.（给 某人看某物）与句意不符，只有offer正确。顺便说说，此句与朗文英汉 双解词典offer词条中的一个例句几乎一样：They ve offered us $75,000 for the house. Should we take it?表示 给某人提供某物”的句型是：provide / supply sb. with sth.;或provide sth. for sb. / supply sth. to sb。We each other the best of luck in the examination.（全国卷）A.

29、 hopedB. wantedC. expectedD. wished【分析】答案选 Do选项中能接双宾语的只有wish。want / expect (sb. ) todo sth. ; hope to do sth.或 hope that Go and join in the party.it to me to do the washing-up.(上海卷)A. GetB. RemainC. LeaveD. Send【分析】答案选 Co leave sth. to sb.把某事物留给某人。题中it是形式宾 语，真宾语是to doThe manager has to improve the w

30、orking conditions in thecompany.（上海卷）A. acceptedB. allowedC. permittedD. agreeds to be UHe a good(【分析】答案选 Do选项中只有agree后可以接to do,表示 同意做I don t know the restaurant, but it卷)A. saidB. toldC. spokenD. talked【分析】答案选 Ao sb./ sth. be said to据说某人或某物附：常用动词辨析（预习内容）raise, riseraise 及物动词，rise 不及物动词 The sun rise

31、s in the east.bring, take, carry, fetchbring拿来，take带走，carry随身携带，fetch去回这一往返动作 fetch a box of chalkspend, take, pay, costspend人做主语，花钱，花时间；spend - on sth./in doing sth; takfej做主语，花时间；pay人做主语，花钱， pay for; cost物做主语，花钱join, join in, take part injoin加入某个组织，并成为其中的一员；join in参加小型的活动，join sb. in； take part in

32、参加大型的活动 He joined the army five years ago.learn, studylearn学习，侧重学习的结果，study学习，侧重学习的过程，研究study the problemwant, hope, wishwant 打算， 想要， want to do, want sb. to do, hope希望 （通常可以实现），hope to do/ hope that 希普 （通常不能实现） wish （sb.） to do, wish sb/sth. + n. I wish you success.discover, invent, find outdiscove

33、r发现本来存在但不为人所知的东西，invent发明本来不存在的物体，find out发现，查明At last he found out the truth.answer, replyanswer及物动词，reply不及物动词，后接 to reply to the letterleave, leave forleave 离开，leave for前往 He left Beijing for Shanghai.rob, stealrob 抢劫 rob sb. of sth., steal偷 steal sth. from sb.shoot, shoot atshoot射死，shoot at瞄准，但不

34、一定射中 He shot the bird and it died.drop, falldrop 及物不及物均可，fall 不及物动词 Prices fell/dropped. He dropped his voice.search, search forsearch 后接地点，search for后接东西 He searched his pocket for money.used to, be used toused to过去常常，be used to习惯于，后接 sth./doing sth.被用来，后接 do sth. He is used to getting up early.win

35、, lose, beatwin 后接 sth., 反义词为 lose, beat后接 sb. win the game, beat themlive on, live bylive on 以为主食，live by 靠谋生 live on fish/ live by fishingbeat, hit, strikebeat连续性地击打；hit打中，对准打；strike打一下或若干下 beat the wingsmeet, meet withmeet遇至U, meet with 体验至U, 遭遇至U meet with an accidentlose, misslose 失去 （具体的物体）， 错

36、过 sth. is lost, lose the chance miss 想念， 错过 sth. is missing, miss the chance 20. be tired of, be tired with/frombe tired of 厌烦,be tired with/from 因为而累了 be tired with/from running 800 meterscare about, care forcare about关心，计较，在乎，一般多用于否定句中；care for关心，照料，喜欢，愿意He doesnt care about his clothes. I dont ca

37、re for movies.catch a cold, have a coldcatch a cold不能和表示一段时间的状语连用，而have a cold可以She has had a cold for a week.change for, change intochange for调换成，change into变成 Change the shirt for a bigger one. Water changes into ice.continue, last二者均为持续，continue 主动，被动均可，last 只能用主动 The war continued/lasted five ye

38、ars. The story is to be continued.feed, raisefeed 喂养，养活，饲养 (to give food to), raise饲养， 养育 (cause to grow, bring up children) raise the familygo for a doctor, go to a doctorgo for a doctor 去请医生，go to a doctor去看病notice, observe, catch sight ofnotice 注意至U, observe观察， 仔名田地看，catch sight of 突然看至U observe

39、the starsinsist on, stick toinsist on 坚持要求，后常接 doing, stick to 坚持，后常接 sth. stick to the planlook, seem, appearlook指从外表上看，seem指内心的判断，appear指给人以表面的印象 appear wise, look like his fathergather, collectgather把分散的东西集中到一起，collect指精心地、有选择地进行收集collect stampsmean to do, mean doingmean to do打算，想要做某事， mean doing

40、意思是，意味着 By this I mean giving the students more practice.die from, die ofdie from表示死于（枪）伤，虚弱，过度劳累，饮食过度等，die of表示死于疾病，饥饿，寒冷，年老，忧愁，失恋等精神因素 die of hunger and coldpay for, pay back, pay offpay for 为付钱，pay back还钱，但不一定还清，pay off 还清 pay for the book, pay off the debtdivide, separatedivide 把一个整体分成几部分，separate把连在一起的个体分开 divide the apple, separate the housesarrive, get, reacharrive不及物动词，后接in （大地点），at（小地点），get不及物动词后接to, reach及物动词arrive in Beijing,get to Beijing, reach Beijinggrow, plantgrow使某种植物在某地生长着或使其发展下去，plant移植，移栽已经长成秧苗的植物plant the trees, trees