施工阶段的安全文明管理外文翻译

1、-PAGE . z.Construction stage safety civilization management1 Research content and purposeAt present Chinas production safety situation is still grim, especially the building area of the multiple casualties situation has not fundamentally reversed, construction safety is e*tremely stern; production s

2、afety foundation is weak, guarantee system and mechanism is not perfect; safety production supervision and management mechanism, team construction and supervision work also needs to be strengthened.With Chinas implementation of the going out strategy, the overseas engineering construction requiremen

3、ts of construction enterprises toward the safety and high quality fast and efficient direction, but the due to the overseas projects in surveying, design, petitive bidding system and construction e*ists some defects or mistakes, especially the construction environment and conditions for overseas and

4、 domestic different is formed many unsafe factors. Some governments of developed countries on safe and civilized construction management and supervision ineffective, at the same time, the security incident victims pensation is relatively low, so as to project management are real will safety first se

5、lf psychological suggestion and safe and civilized management psychological orientation proposed higher requirements. And in the preparation of the overseas project safety assurance program, sometimes due to lack of understanding in the engineering field, easy to cause the of dangerous source judgem

6、ent is not accurate or not in place, and psychologically cannot accurately to ensure the safety of the positioning of the feasibility of the program.By e*ploring the harmful factors in the construction process and construction process was studied in unsafe, uncivilized between factors and employee o

7、f contradiction and the law of the unity of opposites, making better use of these rules to formulate a scientific, reasonable, effective all safe and civilized production tube system, to improve and perfect the measures of safety and technological civilization, to prevent and eliminate various harmf

8、ul factors in the process of construction to the conversion of the casualty of a series of management work, to protect workers safety and health, ensure safety in production. Due to the construction of the unsafe factor is relatively more, a little careless, it may occur accident. In recent years, o

9、ccurred throughout the country in the construction work accidents and serious casualty statistics tells us that construction of the security situation is still very grim. However, construction safety problems with everything else, has its own objective law. It objectively resides in the entire const

10、ruction activity. Since so, naturally, be it analysis to understand, master rules of it, take the organizational and technical measures to pre control, in order to achieve the purpose of construction safety. However, there are still many problems in the management of the security civilization.Theref

11、ore, we focus on the construction stage of the construction safety civilization management, the construction of the various aspects of the construction plan, the status quo of the safety and civilization management. Through the safety awareness of the management, the system of planning, to the proje

12、ct safety detailed analysis of the content. There are some unpredictable problems during the process of preparation, which is the main problem in the management of safety civilization. Lay a good foundation for further implementation. According to the occurrence of the settlement of the accident, th

13、ere is no accident occurred, record the safety civilization management improvement measures, improve the safety and civilization management. As generally work arrangements properly was period of management is relatively la*, cross process serious and plicated, and safety problems in this period is o

14、ften risks and security alert frigidity, may not out of the big problem, but small problems and small risks constantly. So strengthen safety education and training, the unknown engineering safety civilization management summary, learning.Through the research on the safety civilization management of

15、the construction stage, the danger identification, the risk assessment and the risk control of the modern safety civilization management are discussed in three aspects. The aim is to better and more secure the work done. Do early work after the reduction of risk, and further strengthen the construct

16、ion project risk management, and thus promote the faster development of Chinas construction projects.2 Status quo of safety civilization managementIn recent years, with the continuous improvement of the market economy and the mon improvement of peoples life, construction industry has bee one of the

17、fastest developing industries. The petition of the market is increasingly fierce, so that the benefit of the enterprise to pete in the target, so to the management to benefit has bee the consensus of entrepreneurs. And safety is the premise of the benefit, because the safety results determine the si

18、ze of the benefit. End over the years the party and the government attaches great importance to production safety work, determine the safety production policy of safety first, prevention first, promulgated a series of production safety laws and regulations and standards, the purpose is to protect th

19、e safety and health of laborers, control and reduce all kinds of accidents, improve the level of safety management, promote the establishment of harmonious society.The construction industry is the risk of production activities, unsafe factors, is the accident prone industry. In recent years, the dea

20、th rate of Chinas construction industry is the highest in all industries, after the mining industry, the loss is huge, distressing. Although the mandatory implementation of the construction enterprise safety production license system, strengthen the construction market access control, and to further

21、 strengthen the construction enterprise construction site safety inspections, but accidents still occur from time to time. I believe that the number of casualties mainly determined by the characteristics of the construction industry. The safety civilization management is a science, is a professional

22、, policy, mass, and a very strong work. The safety civilization management of the enterprise is mainly embodied in the following aspects:(1) Safety awareness. Due to the leading enterprises for a long time the importance of construction safety understanding does not reach the designated position, gr

23、asping safety formalism serious, disregard for workers in the production of the legitimate interests of labor and social security, is not equipped with the necessary labor protection supplies, arbitrary e*tension of working time, workers in the long run, the working state of the overload, high stren

24、gth, will lead to accidents. In addition, the leadership of the security work seriously enough, the staff of the corresponding security awareness, it is easy to cause illegal mand, illegal operations, violation of labor discipline and safety accidents caused by.(2) The weak base of security civiliza

25、tion management. The weak security and civilization management is mainly due to the weak safety consciousness of some people, the relationship between the safety and the speed, safety and the relationship between safety and benefit, security and stability. The weak safety management is mainly reflec

26、ted in the weak: first, the research work of building safety technology is weak, and the key technology of building safety production is relatively lagging behind. The wide application of safety scientific and technological achievements is lack of market-oriented policy guidance and economic incenti

27、ve measures. Study on the construction of new technology, new products, new technology application and safety protection measures of synchronization; second, pared with the developed countries, our country security protection technology, protective equipment and machinery and equipment is still rela

28、tively backward. Standardization, stereotypes and industrialization degree is very low; three is the construction enterprise safety civilization management and construction team quality is generally low. The safety of the low quality of the cultural quality, safety and civilization management knowle

29、dge, safety and technical specifications, safety procedures, safety precautions and so on do not understand. Cant manage the construction team.(3) The construction safety laws and regulations system is not perfect. There are some limitations to implement its security responsibilities; terms of punis

30、hment for violations of the law is not specific enough, operability is not strong; laws and regulations are not perfect, there is a problem of duplication and overlapping management; safety rules and regulations of the responsibility is not clear, management objectives is not clear, resulting in pro

31、duction safety responsibility of implementation is not in place etc.(4) The mechanism of the construction safety supervision and production is not perfect. At present, the mechanism of the effective construction safety supervision and management in China has not been formed, and there is a big gap p

32、ared with the international advanced security management mode. The safety supervision mode and management means cant adapt to the growing scale of construction, and it is difficult to carry out the construction safety supervision work further. Mainly in the following three aspects:Construction unit

33、safety civilization management problemThe e*ploration, design, construction and supervision of the construction engineering to the entity or individual contractor who is not qualified or qualified or even illegal. Due to the layers of subcontracting, resulting in the construction management is not s

34、trict, security training is not in place and security investment or basic no. And it will also make lower profits, and contractors in order to pursue the ma*imal profit will reduce his all unnecessary amount of spending, leading to safety hazards and accidents continue to occur.Investigation, design

35、, engineering supervision and other units of the major security issuesSurvey, design units not in accordance with the requirements were survey or design, or change the survey and design documents, laws, regulations and mandatory standards, to survey the design defects, can not guarantee the building

36、 and construction personnel safety engineering supervision units not to the construction unit safety technical measures or special construction safety program for careful review, in the engineering construction nor of construction units to implement security measures of supervision seriously, find t

37、he hidden accident, nor does it take decisive measures to be rectification and elimination; detection unit to produce a false report.Safety problem of construction unitWith the increasing investment in infrastructure, the construction enterprise access policy adjustment, making the number of constru

38、ction enterprises continues to increase, the construction team continues to e*pand. Especially in recent years, the rapid development of individual construction industry, the construction enterprise has changed fundamentally. But because the construction unit is the main body and the core position i

39、n the construction safety activity, the construction safety problem is mainly in the construction unit body.2.1 Government laws and regulations(1) The lack of building safety and civilization management system for the market economyConstruction of Chinas investment system changes the original buildi

40、ng a safe and civilized production management has not adapt to the current construction methods, so has been dominated by the government of safe and civilized management appeared many loopholes in management, coupled with the construction safety laws and regulations is not perfect, the low efficienc

41、y of government supervision, social supervision system is not perfect, resulting in a safe and civilized management is not in place, suited to the laws of market economy, legal and economic means parallel building a safe and civilized management system has not been formed. Therefore, the initiative

42、construction safety civilization management initiative construction safety civilization management work first, early planning, early arrangement, do the whole process supervision and inspection. Before the construction we put the project in the province Shuangyou site as the target management, impro

43、ving the safety management measures and system in the project, acplish beforehand to prevent. Employees entering the construction site, the first production safety education and follow the operating rules of education; followed by a safety technical disclosure and each segment and sub engineering sa

44、fety technical disclosure, so that all staff familiar with the rules and regulations, consciously abide by the safety regulations and operating rules, improve the sense of self-protection. Strengthen the intensity and e*tent of the supervision of the safety and civilization management objectives for

45、 effective control.(2) The law and regulations are more and more inplete and the e*ecution is not enoughOur country law environment and health is too weak. The emphasis on environment and health in the activity of architecture has bee a mon topic of international concern. The target system of engine

46、ering construction has been shifted from the traditional cost - cost - quality - time - to - Project system to cost - quality - time - environment and health system. The international standard organization has also developed the environmental management system.(3) The functional changes of the manag

47、ement department are lagging behind and the management of the vacuum isWith the deepening of the reform of our political system, the reform of the national institution, the enterprise reform, the enterprise has gradually separated from the industry administrative management, and has bee the independ

48、ent action subject in the market. With this adaptation, Ministry of construction and local construction administrative departments to bee the national construction safety special supervision of the performer, state production safety supervision and administration and the local production safety supe

49、rvision and management institutions bee discharger of the state production safety supervision functions.The unsafe state of the unsafe behavior and the unsafe state of the material are the direct cause of the accident, which are directly related to the management. So the management is the indirect c

50、ause of the accident. The unsafe behavior of human can be reduced or even eliminated through safety education, safety production responsibility system and security mechanism. The unsafe state of the material can be controlled by improving the scientific and technological content of the safety, estab

51、lishing the perfect equipment maintenance system, promoting the construction and safety of the civilization. To strengthen the safety inspection on the job site, we can find and stop the unsafe behavior and the unsafe state of the thing, so as to avoid the accident. One of the most mon defect manage

52、ment system is not perfect, the responsibility is not clear, abiding by the law, the illegal mand, safety education is not enough, punishment is not strict, safety technical measures are not prehensive, security check enough.(4) The construction safety production management and professional construc

53、tion safety production management separateAt present, Chinas construction safety civilization management is actually decentralized management, did not really do the industry management. This has formed the construction safety civilization management standard, the management pattern is different, the

54、 casualty statistics data distortion, the management work responsibility is not clear.Pay attention to safety behavior norms according to the laws of science organization construction, ply with construction safety rules and standards, as a code of conduct to organize the construction of construction

55、 site to be constrained, regulate their behavior from two aspects: one is to require managers to strictly implement the construction administrative departments of the state and local issued by the construction safety and civilized management regulations and standards the implementation of the manage

56、ment system of the enterprise, before the construction of the relevant technical requirements for the construction safety to the crew and workers in detail, and signed by both parties confirmed that security staff daily inspections of implementation; two is to require the operation layer; safety pro

57、tection for the outstanding construction site could cause accident.2.2 The characteristics of the construction safety civilization managementThe characteristics of construction are mainly determined by the characteristics of architectural products. pared with other industrial products, building prod

58、ucts is huge in size, ple*ity and diversity, overall hard, not easy to mobile, so that construction in addition to the basic characteristics of industrial production, but also has the following main features:(1) The fluidity of productionOne is the body construction with the buildings or structures

59、located position change and the transfer of production sites; the second is in the process of the construction of a project construction personnel and all kinds of machinery, electrical equipment with the construction site and along the construction of the object up, down, left and right flow, conti

60、nue to turn shift operation places.(2) The product form is diverseDue to the natural conditions and uses of the building, the structure, modeling and material of the building are also different, and the construction method will be changed, it is difficult to realize the standardization.(3) Construct