CognitiveBehavioralTherapy：认知行为疗法课件

1、Cognitive-Behavioral TherapyOctober 9, 2007第1页，共15页。CBT view of depressionDepression is related to the way individuals perceive and think about events in their environment Contribute to a negative view of the self, the world, and the futureFeelings of self-blame, failure, and hopelessness Impact moo

2、d and other behaviorsPeople with depression have cognitive distortions in their views of themselves, the world, and the future 第2页，共15页。EVENTTHOUGHTFEELINGBEHAVIOR第3页，共15页。Treatment of Depressive DisordersPsychosocial InterventionsCognitive therapy Identify, challenge, and modify negative thought pr

3、ocessesMisattributionsNegative self-monitoringShort-term focusExcessively high performance standardsFailure to self-reinforce 第4页，共15页。Cognitive DistortionsAll-or-nothing thinkingOvergeneralizationMental filterDisqualifying the positive第5页，共15页。Cognitive DistortionsJumping to conclusionsMind reading

4、The Fortune Teller error第6页，共15页。Cognitive DistortionsMagnification or minimizationEmotional reasoning“Should” statements第7页，共15页。Cognitive DistortionsLabeling/mislabelingPersonalization第8页，共15页。Learned Helplessness and DepressionSeligman (Seligman, 1974; 1975; 1978)Depression is described in terms

5、of learned helplessness Depression develops in individuals who perceive themselves as having little or no control over rewards and punishments in their environment第9页，共15页。Learned HelplessnessDepression results from the individuals propensity to view negative events in their life as due to:their own

6、 characteristics (internal attributions)“its all my fault, Im just not good with people, thats just who I am”factors that are unlikely to change (attributions of stability) “I keep getting fired because Im dumb, so why bother trying to get another job”factors that are likely to have an influence on

7、the individual across situations (global attributions)第10页，共15页。Behavioral ViewsFerster (1974) and Lewinsohn (1974):Depression may result from a lack of sufficient positive reinforcement in the environmentLack of reinforcement can be caused by:change in residence failure to display appropriate socia

8、l skillsEtc. 第11页，共15页。Treatment of Depressive DisordersPsychosocial Interventions, cont.Behavior therapyfocuses on increasing pleasurable activities and events, and providing the youngster with the skills necessary to obtain more reinforcement第12页，共15页。SundayMonday9-10ChurchLaundry10-11ChurchStudy

9、for test/Laundry11-12LunchHistory class12-1Go to moviesLunch1-2MoviesStudy with friend2-3Study for testBus to school3-4Study for testTake test4-5SwimmingBus home5-6DinnerDinner6-7Study for testWatch TV7-8TV/readingGo out with friends8-9TV/readingOut with friends第13页，共15页。Components of CBT Integratio

10、n of cognitive and behavioral therapies, and has shown the most success in treating depression in young peopleCognitive restructuringActivity PlanningProblem-solving trainingRelaxation trainingAutogenicsDeep BreathingProgressive Muscle Relaxation (PMR)Homework assignments第14页，共15页。Cognitive Behavior

11、 TherapyCBT is designed to change both negative thoughts (cognitions) and behaviorsDepressed children/adolescent learn about the nature of depression and how their mood is linked to both their thoughts and actionsThe focus is on developing better communication, problem-solving, anger-management, relaxation, and social skill