2022年高考英语二轮复习考点突破-Unit15-名词性从句课件

1、Unit 15名词性从句 .经典范文背诵 作文题目： 假如你是武汉某中学高中学生李华，英国一所中学将于下周 一、周二组织学生来你校开展交流活动。期间，John Smith将借住 你家。请你代表全家写信给John，欢迎他的到来。并告知有关活 动安排。信的内容要点如下： 时间：活动安排： 周一 学校活动 周二 游览市区景点 晚上 看电视，玩游戏，聊天 注意：1.词数：120左右； 2.开头和结尾已给出，不计入总词数。Dear John, I am glad to learn that you are coming to China and will stay at my home._ Lookin

2、g forward to your coming! Yours truly， Li Hua 经典范文： Dear John, I am glad to learn that you are coming to China and will sta y at my home. My parents and I are very pleased to have you with us. Now let me tell you what we have arranged for you. As you know the school will organize a lot of activities

3、 which you will engage in on Monday. On Tuesday, I will show you around our city and take you to some places of interest such as the Yellow Crane Tower, the East Lake and the Guiyuan Temple. In the evening we will mostly stay at home watching TV, playing games or meeting my friends. I am sure we wil

4、l have a wonderful time and enjoy each others company. Looking forward to your coming! Yours truly， Li Hua .词汇短语储备 relevant adj. 紧密相关的，切题的 relief n. U(痛苦等)缓解，减轻，解除 轻松，宽慰 救济， 救济品 remote adj. 遥远的，偏僻的 关系疏远的，脱离的 绝少的， 微乎其微的 孤高的 reputation n. U，C名气，名声，名誉 resemble vt. 像，类似于(不用进行时) resign vi. 辞职 vt. 放弃，辞去 使

5、顺从 responsibility n. U责任，责任心 C职责，义务 rigid adj. 严格的，死板的 僵硬的 rough adj. 粗糙的，高低不平的 粗野的，狂暴的 辛苦的， 难受的 routine adj. 例行的，常规的 n. U，C例行公事，惯例，惯常的程 序 模块高考体验品真题A组2010年1(全国卷)We havent discussed yet _ we are going to place our new furniture. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhere 解析：考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：我们还没有讨论要把新家具 放在什么地方。空处引导宾语从句且

6、在从句中作地点状语，所以选 D。 答案：D2(全国卷)Have you finished the book? No. Ive read up to _ the children discover the secret cave. Awhich B. what C. that Dwhere 解析：考查宾语从句。up to为介词结构，后接宾语从句；而句意 是“读到孩子们发现秘密洞穴的地方”，故用where引导这个宾语 从句最合适。 答案：D3(北京卷)I want to be liked and loved for _ I am inside. Awho Bwhere Cwhat Dhow 解析：

7、考查宾语从句的引导词。 what 引导的宾语从句作for 的宾 语，what在从句中作am的表语。 答案：C 4(北京卷)Part of the reason Charles Dickens loved his own novel, David Copperfield, was _ it was rather closely modeled on his own life. Awhat Bthat Cwhy Dwhether 解析：考查表语从句。句意：狄更斯喜欢他自己的小说大卫科波菲 尔的部分原因是小说创作非常贴近他本人的真实生活。从句不缺成 分，因此用that来引导。 答案：B5(北京卷)

8、_ some people regard as a drawback is seen as a plus by many others. AWhether BWhat CThat DHow 解析：考查主语从句。句意：一些人眼中的缺点是别人眼中的优 点。从句中缺宾语，只能用what来引导。 that引导主语从句不做 成分。 答案：B 6(四川卷)How much one enjoys himself travelling depends largely on _ he goes with, whether his friends or relatives. Awhat Bwho Chow Dwh

9、y 解析：考查介词后的宾语从句。句意：一个人旅游多么享受很大程 度上取决于他和谁去，无论是他的朋友还是亲戚。根据句末的 whether his friends or relatives可知应是和谁去，故选B。 答案：B7(江苏卷)I prefer shutting myself in and listening to music all day on Sundays. Thats _ I dont agree. You should have a more active life. Awhere Bhow Cwhen Dwhat 解析：考查表语从句的引导词。句意：这就是我不同意的地方。 agr

10、ee 是不及物动词，所以用where 引导表语从句。 答案：A 8(湖南卷)Cindy shut the door heavily and burst into tears. No one in the office knew _ she was so angry. Awhere Bwhether Cthat Dwhy 解析：考查名词性从句。句意：办公室中没人知道她为什么如此生 气。该空引导宾语从句，根据句意判断选D项。 答案：D9(福建卷)We should respect food and think about the people who dont have _ we have her

11、e and treat food nicely. Athat Bwhich Cwhat Dwhether 解析：考查宾语从句。句意：我们应该尊重食物，考虑那些我们所 拥有的东西和认真对待食物的态度。what引导的宾语从句，且what 在宾语从句中作宾语。故选C项。 答案：C 10(福建卷)Teachers recommend parents _ their children under 12 to ride bicycles to school for safety. Anot allow Bdo not allow Cmustnt allow Dcouldnt allow 解析：考查宾语从句

12、。句意：教师们建议：为了孩子的安全，父 母不应让12岁以下的孩子骑自行车人去学校。这里是recommend 引起的宾语从句，且从句谓语动词用should动词原形的形式， should可以省略。故选A项。 答案：A11(重庆卷)To improve the quality of our products, we asked for suggestions _ had used the products. Awhoever Bwho Cwhichever Dwhich 解析：考查名词性从句引导词。这里_ used the products 是个宾语从句，从句中缺少主语，并且指人，所以用whoeve

13、r。 答案：A 12(浙江卷)It is uncertain _ side effect the medicine will bring about, although about two thousand patients have taken it. Athat Bwhat Chow Dwhether 解析：考查主语从句的引导词。句意：尽管大约有两千名病人服用 过这种药物，但是，它会带来什么样的副作用还不确定。side effect 意思是“副作用”，还原主语从句中的主干是the medicine will bring about_ side effect。故选择what，“什么样的”，

14、起修饰作用。 答案：B 13(山东卷)Before the sales start, I make a list of _ my kids will need for the coming season. Awhy Bwhat Chow Dwhich 解析：考查宾语从句的引导词。句意：在大甩卖开始前，我把孩 子们在下个季节里要用到的东西列了一个清单。分析句式结构可 知，空格处在句中引导宾语从句且在从句中充当need的宾语，所 以B项结构正确。which 引导名词性从句时多表示疑问且要有一个 明确的范围。 答案：B 14(陕西卷)It never occurred to me _ you cou

15、ld succeed in persuading him to change his mind. Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dif 解析：考查固定句型。It occurs/occurred to sb. that .是固定句 型，意思是：突然想起，其中that引导主语从句，选C。 答案：C15(天津卷)As a new graduate, he doesnt know _ it takes to start a business here. Ahow Bwhat Cwhen Dwhich 解析：考查名词性从句。句意：作为一名新毕业生，他不知道需 要什么才能在这里开始经营。空格后的从

16、句中takes是动词，其后 缺少宾语，所以引导该宾语从句的连接词要用what。 答案：B B组2009年1(全国卷)Could I speak to _ is in charge of International Sales please? Awho Bwhat Cwhoever Dwhatever 解析：考查名词性从句。题干中介词to后面为宾语从句，从句中缺 少主语，因此填whoever。 答案：C2(北京卷)At first he hated the new job but decided to give himself a few months to see _ it got any b

17、etter. Awhen Bhow Cwhy Dif 解析：考查连词的用法。句意：起初他讨厌这份新工作，但是他决 定让自己先适应几个月，看它是否好转。此处if表示“是否”。 答案：D3(四川卷)News came from the school office _ Wang Lin had been admitted to Beijing University. Awhich Bwhat Cthat Dwhere 解析：考查名词性从句。that引导同位语从句用来解释说明名词 news的具体内容。that在同位语从句中不担当任何成分，后面所跟 的是一个完整的句子。 答案：C4(天津卷)It is

18、obvious to the students _ they should get well prepared for their future. Aas Bwhich Cwhether Dthat 解析：考查名词性从句。空格处应是主语从句的引导词，因该主语 从句不缺少成分，且句意完整，故应用不做任何成分的连词that。 答案：D 5(安徽卷)A good friend of mine from _ I was born showed up at my home right before I left for Beijing. Ahow Bwhom Cwhen Dwhich 解析：考查名词性从

19、句。介词from后面除了接代词或名词作宾语 外，还可以接介词短语或副词短语做宾语；由后面I was born可以 推测出from后面可以指时间，也可以指地点，再由所给的选项可以 得出答案。 答案：C6(山东卷)The little girl who got lost decided to remain _ she was and wait for her mother. Awhere Bwhat Chow Dwho 解析：考查连词。remain是系动词，后加表语从句，由句意可知， 从句缺地点状语，所以选A。 答案：A 7(江苏卷)Many young people in the West ar

20、e expected to leave _ could be lifes most important decisionmarriagealmost entirely up to luck. Aas Bthat Cwhich Dwhat 解析：考查名词性从句。宾语从句中缺少主语，因此选what。 答案：D8(湖南卷)She is very dear to us.We have been prepared to do _ it takes to save her life. Awhichever Bhowever Cwhatever Dwhoever 解析：考查名词性从句连接代词的用法。宾语从句

21、中谓语动词take 缺少宾语，排除选项B；而选项A暗含某个范围；选项D指人，都与 题意不符。故答案选C。 答案：C 9(重庆卷)We should consider the students request _ the school library provide more books on popular science. Athat Bwhen Cwhich Dwhere 解析：考查名词性从句。根据句意可知空格处是同位语从句的引导 词，修饰中心名词request，且在句子中不充当成分，故用that。句 意是：我们应该考虑学生的这个要求，即学校图书馆应该多提供一 些大众科学方面的书籍。 答案

22、：A 10(陕西卷)The howto book can be of help to _ wants to do the job. Awho Bwhomever Cno matter who Dwhoever 解析：考查名词性从句。此处从句做介词to的宾语，是名词性从 句，引导词做从句的主语，指人，意思是：无论是谁，选D。 答案：D 模块考点锁定知识网 主语从句 主语从句在复合句中作主句的主语，引导主语从句的词有that，whether，who，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever，when，where，why，how等。What caused the a

23、ccident is a complete mystery.Whoever comes to the party will receive a present. 表语从句 表语从句在复合句中作主句的表语，引导表语从句的词有that，whether，who，what，which，whoever，whatever，whichever，when，where，why，how，because等。Thats why I object to the plan.This is where I disagree. 宾语从句 宾语从句在复合句中作主句的宾语，引导宾语从句的词有that，whether，if，who

24、，what，which，whoever，whomever，whatever，whichever，when，where，why，how等。宾语从句一般放在动词、介词或形容词后。He asked me how I was getting along with my studies.He was free to marry whomever he chose.I was interested in what he was doing.注：在宾语从句中，引导词whether和if基本一样，但介词后的宾语从句多用whether。It all depends upon whether we can get

25、 their cooperation.动词doubt如用于肯定句，其后的宾语从句常用if/whether引导，如用于否定句或疑问句，则宾语从句用that引导。I doubt if/whether our football team will win the match.I dont doubtthat I can defeat him in the contest. 同位语从句 在主从复合句中作同位语的从句称为同位语从句。同位语从句一般用that，whether，who，which，what，where，when，why，how等词引导，常放在fact，news，idea，truth，hope

26、，problem，information等名词后面，用以说明该名词的具体内容。They were all very much worried over the fact that you were sick.Well discuss the problem whether the sports meeting will be held on time.We havent yet settled the question where we are going to spend oursummer vacation. 名词性从句的难点 1. what is called；what is known

27、 as；what is referred to as；what we call；what is socalled；what was then；what is now；what used to be；what seems (to be)等短语作插入语。 We should improve what is called the quality of living. This plant grows best in what is now the United States.2引导词that与what的区别 what既有引导主语从句的作用，同时又在从句中作句子成分(主语、 宾语、表语等)，这时wha

28、t相当于all that/everything that等，常译成 “所的(东西、事情、话等)”；而that只起连接作用，本身无实 际意义，在从句中也不充当任何句子成分，但that引导的主语从句放 在句首时，不能省略that。 What we cant get seems better than what we have. That a new teacher will come to teach us geography is true. 3引导词if和whether的区别 if和whether引导宾语从句时一般可通用，但主语从句、表语从 句和同位语从句不能用if引导。 I dont car

29、e if/whether he will come to my party. The question is whether we can collect enough money.4引导词who与whoever的区别 whoever引导名词性从句时，相当于anyone who或those who，它 既是从句的主语，又是主句的主语。而who只作从句的主语，它 引导的从句才是主句的主语。 Whoever has helped to save the drowning girl is worth praising. Who will be elected the president doesnt

30、 make much difference to me. 5引导词what与whatever的区别 It is generally considered unwise to give a child whatever he or she wants. This is exactly what I want.6同位语从句与定语从句的区别 同位语从句用于解释前面名词的内容，从句本身是一个非常完整 的句子，所以其前的名词在同位语从句中不作任何成分；定语从 句对其前的名词加以限制和修饰，从句本身不够完整，因此其前 的名词在定语从句中通常作主语、宾语或表语等成分。 The news that Mr.Br

31、own will be our new English teacher is true.(that引导的是同位语从句，that不可省略) The news that he told me yesterday is true.(that引导的是定语从 句，that在从句中作宾语，故可省略，亦可换用which) 7whoever与no matter who；whatever与no matter what whoever和whatever既可以引导名词性从句，也可引导让步状语从 句；no matter who和no matter what只引导让步状语从句。 Whatever(No matter w

32、hat) you may think，Im going ahead with my plans. Whoever(No matter who) you are，you cant pass this way. Take whatever you need and leave me alone. Whoever did this job must be rewarded.8名词性从句中的语气 在It is necessary/natural/important/strange.that从句中，从句 中的谓语动词用“should动词原形”表虚拟语气，且should可省 略。 It is necess

33、ary that the problem should be settled at once. 表示“建议、命令、要求”意义的动词，后接that从句时，从句 中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气，即“should动词原形”，且should 可省略。 Bobs doctor suggests that he(should) rest for a few days. 表示“建议、要求、命令、想法”意义的名词，后接that从句时，从句中的谓语动词要用虚拟语气：“should动词原形”，should可以省略。这类名词有：advice，agreement，command，decision，demand，determ

34、ination，order，preference，proposal，request，requirement等。This is our only request that this (should )be settled as soon as possible.主语是表示“建议、要求、命令、想法”意义的名词，那么that引导的表语从句中也要用虚拟语气。Her suggestion was that they (should) carry on their conversation in French.would rather后的that从句中，谓语动词要用过去时表示虚拟语气。Wed rather

35、 he paid us the money tomorrow. 模块难点突破课内练1_ different life is today from_ it used to be ten years ago! AHow；what BWhat；what CHow；that DWhat；that 解析：how与形容词different 构成感叹句；what it used to be.作介 词from的宾语从句。 答案：A2In _ now seems the beginning stages of computer history， there was a quite widespread worr

36、y _ computers would take over the world from man one day. Ait；that Bthat；what Cit；of Dwhat；that 解析：what引导的句子作介词宾语，在从句中what作主语；that 引导的从句作名词“worry”的同位语。 答案：D3Im really worried about _ I have hurt his feelings， though I didnt mean to. Awhat Bwhich Cwhether Dif 解析：句意：我真的担心是否伤害了他的感情，但我真的不是故 意的。whether引导

37、宾语从句。 答案：C 4People in Sichuan Province are determined to rebuild _ was destroyed in the earthquake. Athat Bwhich Chow Dwhat 解析： 四川人民决心重新建设在地震中毁坏的一切。此处what引导 宾语从句，在宾语从句中担当主语。 答案：D5_ makes him stand out in learning English is enough practice. AWhich BWhat CThat DAs 解析：what引导主语从句，并在主语从句中充当主语。 答案：B 6In

38、terms of English learning，you focus more on vocabulary than on reading comprehension and I think thats _ you are mistaken. Awhat Bwhen Cwhere Dhow 解析：where引导表语从句，相当于the place in which。 答案：C7After _ seemed to be hours of waiting in line，I finally got my turn to take the oral exam. Athat Bit Cwhat Dwhich 解析：what引导宾语从句，在从句中充当主语。句意：排队等了似 乎几个小时的样子后，最后轮到我参加口试了。 答案：C 8Being a good listener is a kind of quality and thats _ it takes to keep friendship. Ahow Bwhat Cwhich Dwhere 解析：what引导表语从句，并在表语从句中作take的宾语。