人教新课标高中英语必修三Unit4Astronomy：thescienceofthes

1、Unit 4 Astronomy : the science of the stars复习3步曲/NOd_发端于教材/以教材为经线深度掌握核心点一、课前基础自查（一）分类记单词省时高效I .阅读单词（知其意）.fundamental adj .基本的；基础的.chain n.链子；连锁；锁链.dissolve vt .& vi . 溶解；解散.acid n.唆.multiply vi .& vt. 乘；增加.gravity n.力有引力；重力.extinct adj . 灭绝的；绝种的.exhaust vt. 用尽；耗尽；使精疲力尽.satelliten. 卫星； 人造卫星.spaceship

2、n.宇宙飞船n.重点单词（写其形）.atmosphere n.大气层；气氛.solar adj . 太阳的；日光的.thus adv.因此；丁是.gentle adj .温和的；文雅的.climate n.气候.crash vi .& vt.碰撞；坠落.pull n. & vt.拉（力）；拖；牵引力.float vi .& vt.（ 使）浮动；（使）漂浮n.漂浮物.system n.系统；体系；制度.theory n. 学说；理论.physicistn.物理学家出.拓展单词（通其变）.globe n.球体；地球仪；地球一 global adj .全球性的；全世界的.violent adj.猛烈

3、的；激烈的；强暴的 f violence n. 暴力一 violently adv.暴 力地；猛烈地.unlike prep.与 不问；不像一 like vt.售欢 prep .像 n.爱好一 dislike vt.不 喜欢；讨厌n./、喜欢的事物一 likely adj. 可能的.harmful adj.后害的一 harm n. & vt.伤 害一 harmless adj.无害的.exist vi .存在； 生存一 existence n.存 在；生存.puzzle vt .& vi .（使）迷惑；（使）为又n n. 谜；难题一 puzzled adj .感到困惑的语境活用1.Some b

4、elieve in the existence (exist) of life on Mars, while others consider it as a myth.Last night we had a discussion, whichbecame more and more violent.Finally wereached an agreement that we will never use violence whatever happens.(violent).Playing computer games will not only do harm to your physica

5、l health, but it is also harmful to your mental health.So there is no harm in advising you to give it up.(harm).He often says that he doesnt believe in any religion but meanwhile he respects others religious freedom.(religion)f puzzlingadj.令人困惑的5.Since my younger brother is fond of7.religionn.宗教；宗教信

6、仰一 religiousbiology,_he is determined to become aadj.宗教上的；信奉宗教的；虔诚的8.biology n.生物学一 biologist n.生biologist when he grows up.(biology)6.As is known to us, everyone has his likes物学家一 biological adj.生物的and dislikes.My little sister is fond of pop9.reactionn.反应；回应一 react v.反music.She is likely to become

7、 a famous pop应singer in the future.(like)（二）练中记短语一一记牢用活写准记牢语境活用（选用左栏短语填空）1.in_time及时；终于2.lay_eggs卜蛋3.give_birth_to _ 产生； 分娩n_ones_turn 轮到某人.watch_out_for_ 号切注忌；当心；提防.cheer_up 感到图兴；感到振奋.depend on 依罪；取决于.break out 突发；爆发.prevent_from阻止；制止.block out挡住（光线）.get the hang of_ 熟悉；掌握；理解.now that 既然I.Once he h

8、as made up his mind, no one can prevent him from carrying out the plan.At last the firefighters put out the fire in the supermarket, which broke_out at ten this morning.She married at 17 and gave_birth_to her first baby shortly after.4.Mr.Brown intended to catch the early train, but he didnt get up

9、injime5.Do remember to watch_out_for cars while crossing the street.6.Youve made me suffer in the past, so now you, in_your_turn,_suffer again!7.Only by practising time and time again can you get the hang of the grammar rules.8.She bought a heavy curtain to block out the light.（三）仿写明句式一一以用为本教材原句句式解读

10、句式仿写I.This produced a chain reaction, which madeit possible for life to develop .动词+ it +adj./ n.(宾补)+ to do 。（2018 全国卷I书向表达）我认为 参加晚宴时带点小礼物是个好主息。这就产生了连锁反应， 使生命的发展 成为可能。I think it_a_good_idea_to_bring a small gift when we attend a dinner party.2.But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carried

11、 twice as far ason the earth andfell over.但当我试着向前迈步的时候，我发觉我被送出去很远，步子的跨度竟是在 地球上的两倍远，因而我摔倒了。倍数表达法：倍数十as .as .杰普卡付出日勺是以刖二情的时间和 精力，所以我相信她这次能成功。 Jessica devotedthree_times_as_much_time_and_e nergy_as she did before, so I believe she will succeed this time.3. “Oh, dear , “ I cried, “walking does need a bi

12、t of practice now that gravity has changed.”“天哪，”我5说，“既出力改 变了，看来走路也的确需要练一练 了。”now that 弓 1导原因状语从句。既然你精逋英语，你就可以申请这 份工作。Now_that_you_have_a_good_comma nd_of_English,_you can apply for the job.4.We watched, amazedas fire broke out on the outside of the spaceship as the earths gravity increased.我们惊奇地看着，

13、随着地球的引力增 力口，宇宙飞船的外层燃烧起火。形容词作伴随状语。他在风雪中度过了七天，又冷又饿。He spent seven days in the wind and snow, cold and hungry.二、课堂重点深化重点单词harmful adj.有害的自主体验单句语法填空As we all know, a bad eating habit is harmful (harm) to ones health.As far as Im concerned, there is no harm in making_an apology to him first.补全句子These day

14、s, breaking traffic rules and littering are common, causing/doing serious harm to life and the environment.这些天，违反交通规则和乱扔垃圾的现象很常见，对生活和环境造成了严重的破坏。对某人/某物有害对某人/某物有害系统归纳(1)be harmful to sb./sth.do/cause sb./sth.harm2 do/caij-sc harm 1口 sb. / sth.做某事没有坏处:;There 飞口 hinn ;ri duing sth.It does no harm to do

15、sth.重点强化 易错对对碰(to/for)As we all know, the polluted water and air are harmful to peoples health.Anyway, the news seems to be good for you.佳句时时写(一句多译)众所周知，过量饮酒对我们的健康有害。What is known to us is that drinking too much is_harmful to_our health.(harmful)It is known to us that drinking too much does harm to

16、our health.(harmn.)exist vi .存在；生存自主体验单句语法填空Even though he is a little boy, strange ideas always exist in his mind. _) Scientists have many theories about how the universe first came into existence (exist).The parking place for bikes was an existing (exist) problem for a long time in our school.系统归纳

17、(1)exist in存在于 之中exist on靠为生There exists .某地有 ，存在(2)existencen.存在；生存come into existence广生；成立；开始存在(3)existing adj.现存的；现行的重点强化 佳句时时写众所周知，老人和年轻人之间存在代沟。As is known to us, there exists a generation gap between the young and the old.puzzle vt .(使)迷惑；(使)为难；(使)窘困n.(游戏的)猜谜；难题；谜自主体验 单句语法填空The police are still

18、 puzzling about/over how the accident could have happened.She lost heart since she failed the exam, because her future was puzzling (puzzle)Hearing the managers explanation, he had a puzzled (puzzle) expression on his face.系统归纳(1)puzzle about/over冥思苦想；苦苦思索(2)a puzzle to sb.一件让某人感到困惑的事情(3)puzzling ad

19、j.令人迷惑的puzzled adj.迷惑不解的；困惑的be puzzled about对迷惑不解重点强化易错对对碰There was a puzzled look on her face because a puzzling problem puzzled her.(puzzle)佳句时时写事实上，困扰你的事情对于中国的许多父母来说也是一个难题。What puzzles you is actually a puzzle to many parents in China.重点短语、句式in time 及时；终于；迟早自主体验单句语法填空As a proverb goes,“Where ther

20、es a will, theres a way. Our efforts willpay off in time.We reached on the top of Mount Tai, just in timeto enjoy (enjoy) the risingsun.Luckily, I adapted to the new surroundings and everything returned to normal in_no time.系统归纳(1)in time for .刚好赶上in time to do sth.及时做某事(2)in no time立刻；马上at no time决

21、不（放在句首时，句子用部分倒装at a time每次；一次at one time曾经；一度at the same time同时at times有时；偶尔from time to time有时；偶尔(3)take ones time别着急；慢慢来)重点强化易错对对碰 (at a time/at one time) Youd better do one thingat_a_time so that you can concentrate on it. At one time,people thought the sun travelled around the earth.佳句时时写 In my

22、view, you should at no time lose heart whenever you are in trouble倒装句升级句子）In my view,at_no_time should you lose heart whenever you are in trouble.2. in ones turn轮到某人；接着自主体验单句语法填空 Now that we have finished the design, it isin their turn to construct.(2) It turnedout that the young man was none other

23、than the old mans son.系统归纳in turn依次；轮流；反之；相应地by turns轮流；交替地take turns to do sth.轮流做某事It is ones turn to do sth.轮到某人做某事It turns/turned out that .结果重点强化易错对对碰(by turns/take turns) I think wed bettertaketurns to drive the kids to school this week. I think wed drive the kids to schoolby turns this week.佳

24、句时时写人们使用自己的小汽车避免公共交通延误，反过来，这将造成更多的问题。People try to avoid public transportation delays by using their own cars, which in_turn creates more problems.cheer up (使)高兴；(使)振奋；感到高兴；感到振奋自主体验 单句语法填空Upon arrivingat the classroom, the autho r was cheered up_by a warm welcome.Cathy didnt expect any award but was

25、 still there to cheer on her friends and praise their accomplishments.系统归纳(1)cheer sb.up使某人振作起来cheer sb.on(比赛中)以喝彩声鼓励；为某人加油(2)Cheers! 口语(用于祝酒)干杯！重点强化佳句时时写(词汇升级)WhenIm feeling depressed, mymother tells mefunny stories to make mehappy. fWhenlm feeling depressed, my mother tells mefunny stories to chee

26、r_me_up.make it + adj./n. + for sb.to do教 材 原 句 This produced a chain reaction, which made it possible for lifeto develop.自主体验She made it clear to me that she wished to make a new life for herself.People in the west make it a rule to_buy (buy) Christmas presents for their relatives and friends.He is

27、 so stubborn, which makes it no use persuading (persuade) himto changehis mind.归纳点拨“mak什 it ”常用句型：用法规则(1)make + it(2)make + it+ adj./ n. + that 从句+ adj./ n. + to do 不定式(3)make + it+ no good/no use/no value .+ doing sth.注息事项常用于这种句型的动词还后：think, consider, find, feel等。佳句背诵(增分要点句)I have a good command of

28、 English, whichmakes it easier for meto find a good job.(2)(增分要点句)You have much experience in voluntary work so that Ifind it agood idea for you to apply for the position.5.倍数表达法教材原句 But when I tried to step forward, I found I was carriedtwiceasfaras on the earth and fell over.自主体验 There are five ti

29、mes as many books in our library as in yours.我们图书馆里的书是你们图书馆里的书的五倍。据我所知，这个城市是那个城市的三倍大。fAs far as I know, the city is three times fAs far as I know, the city is three times fAs far as I know, the city is three times(一句多译)as large as that one.larger than that one.the size of that one.归纳点拨用法规则常见的倍数表达法：(

30、1)倍数 + as+ many/much+ n. + as(2)倍数+ as +形容词/副词原级+ as(3)倍数+形容词/副词比较级+ than(4)倍数 + the size/length/height/depth/width/amount+ of注息事项（1）表7K 两倍 时用 twice或double ,二倍或二倍以上用 基数词+ times 表达。（2）此句型中倍数也可以用分数、百分数，half等其他程度状语来表达。佳句背诵CD （精彩开头句 ）My school has expanded into a big one, which isthree times asbig as th

31、e previous one.（增分要点句）The area received three times the amount of rain it got last year.复习3步曲/NO.2也拢于话题/以话题为纬线.广度拓展知识面本单元语篇话题与新课程主题语境“人与自然”中的“太空探索”子话题相对应一、话题语素积累多一点子话题一一太空探索（一）浅易词汇温一温 spaceship fresh explore advanced rocket prevent satellite earthsun moon? Mars? planet? exist（二）生疏词汇记一记 launch vt . 发

32、射 astronautn.宇航员 astronomer n 天文学家 telescopen.望远镜universe n.宇宙 orbitn（ 天体等的 ） 运行轨道astronomy n.天文学 monitorvt . 监测；监控 data n 资料 shuttlen.飞机? foresee v 预测? statisticsn.统计数字（三）常用词块忆一忆 space station太空站；空间站空间站 solar system太阳系 space exploration太空探索 the outer space外太空 manned spaceship/spacecraft载人飞船 come tr

33、ue实现 conduct research进行实验 in the long run从长远来看 have access to space travel能到太空旅行 return to the earth返回地球? escape the pull of the earths gravity逃离地球的引力? get close to the moon靠近月球? a waste of? be crazy about浪费对痴迷（ 四） 写作佳句背一背 I have always dreamed of making a trip into the Mars ever since I heard thatM

34、ars is most like the Earth and there could have been life on this planet. I want to do research on whether the Mars is a planet we humans can live on. The space travellers made a successful landing on the moon.二、“分步写作”表达准一点话题应用文分步写作假定你是中学生李华，你爱好太空探险但是却得不到父母的理解，于是你给英国朋友Stephen发电子邮件进行交流并请求帮助。要点如下：.你的观

35、点；.父母的意见。注意：1.词数80左右；.可以适当增加细节，以使行文连贯。第一步：准确审题，理行文脉络，拟写作要点本写作是一封求助信，时态为一般现在时，人称为第一人称。此书面表达开放性较大, 题干给出的信息非常有限，因此准确审题并准确表达要点至关重要。文章可分三个层次：首先点明写信目的寻求帮助；主体部分陈述你对太空探险的热爱程度，并说明你的观点健康的爱好有利于全面发展及父母的观点爱好影响学习；最后表达希望希望对方提供帮助 。要点1:我写信向你求助。Im_writing to seek_your help.要点2：我对太空探索痴迷。Im crazy about space exploratio

36、n.要点2：我认为健康的爱好有利于我们的全面发展。(overall)I_think healthy hobbies are_beneficial to our overall development.要点2：我的父母认为我的爱好迟早会对我的学习有不好的影响。My parents think my_hobby will have a bad _effect on my_study in time.要点3:我希望你能给我提供一些宝贵的建议。期待你的早日答复。I_hope you can offer me_some valuable suggestions.Looking forward to yo

37、ur early reply.第二步：添加细节，文意更丰满，表达更亮眼为了使内容更充实，我们需要对要点进行添枝加叶，让要点在内容上和形式上更丰满。要点2增加痴迷于太空探索经常做的事情，并用so .that .倒装句型提升作文档次；要点2后增加细节句”父母为此所采取的行动”；要点3使用高级句式Id appreciate itif .表达殷切盼望。拓展要点2：我对太空探索如此痴迷以至于我常去图书馆阅读有关太空探索的东西。(so . that .倒装句型)Socrazy am I about space exploration that I often go to the_library_torea

38、 d something about space exploration.补充要点2：他们试图阻止我去图书馆。(prevent .from)期待你的早日答复。(IdThey try to prevent me from going to the library.升级要点3:如果你能给我提供一些宝贵的建议我将感激不尽。appreciate it if .）Id appreciate itJLyou_could_offer me some_valuable suggestions.Looking f orward to_your early reply.第三步：连句成文，排语句顺序，重衔接过渡结合

39、要点，文章可分两段来成文,介绍你及父母对太空探索的观点时可添加连接词bUt?as a consequence 把基本要点和拓展要点巧妙衔接，以使行文连贯。Dear_Stephen ,Im writing to seek your help. So crazy ami about space exploration that I often go to the library to read something about space exploration.I think healthy hobbies are beneficial to our overall development. Bu

40、t my parents think my hobby will have a bad effect on my study in time.As a consequence, they try to prevent mefrom going to the library.Id appreciate it if you could offer me some valuable suggestions.Looking forward to your early reply.Yours ,Li_Hua q3步曲/NO.3实巡于高萼/以高考为样板高度探究命题源 一、复现单元考点一一增强备考信心I .

41、高考中的语法填空（2018 全国卷 n ）I saw there were two instructors on board and a man lyingacross the middle.He was shaking violently （violent）（2018 天津高考 ）It was only when the car pulled up in front of our house that we saw Lily in the passenger seat.（2017 浙江高考 ）Her friends came to help her when the war broke ou

42、t. （2016 浙江高考 ）If we know that gossip can be harmful （harm）, then why do so many of us do it?（2016 天津高考 ）I began to learn this when I had my car crashed （crash）.（2016 江苏高考 ）Internet voting is quite popular nowadays.Many people are somewhat puzzled （puzzle） at the negative side of the voting, althoug

43、h someare quite happy with it, and active in doing it.（2015 浙江高考）If steel is heavier than water, why are ships able to float （float） on the sea?（2015 -四川高考）So one day, just to see what she would do, I gently （gentle）placed one on top of the groundhogs head. n .高考中的完形填空（选用 puzzled, in time 填空）（2018 全

44、国卷 n 完形填空）I still cant believe what a coincidence it was.Imjust so glad I was there _60_ to help my son.in_time（2012 福建高考完形填空）I often read of incidents of misunderstanding orconflict.Im left _36 .Why do these peoplecreate mistrust and problems,especially with those from other races? puzzled二、复现话题词汇一

45、一提高阅读准度新高考下的命题新视角： 探索太空奥秘，优化和改善人类生存环境， 预防及减少人类自 然灾害，探索和开发国民经济建设中急需的能源和资源是国家发展的方针政策，更是高考的热点，建议同学们多多关注太空探索的相关材料。话题感悟学习目标1 语篇复现词汇，活学活用记忆更深（加蓝词汇为本单元话题词汇，读文时请揣摩其用法）On February 6, SpaceX, a private US aerospace company owned by Elon Musk, has successfully launched its new Falcon Heavy spacecraft, making i

46、t the worlds most powerful rocket .Falcon Heavy is the largest rocket since the retirement of NASAs SaturnV , which was used for the Moon missions in the 1970s.Falcon Heavy can launchabout 64 tonnes into low Earth orbit thats almost three times more than the current running biggest launch vehicle, D

47、elta N Heavy, Imperial College London astrophysicist David Clements told Al Jazeera.According to SpaceX, Falcon Heavy can lift into orbit a mass greater than a 737 jet loaded with passengers, crew, luggage and fuel.The rocket was designed with the idea of carrying humans intospace andopening the pos

48、sibility of flying missions with people to the Moon and even Mars.For its first voyage, it carried Musks $100,000 cherr y-red Tesla sports car and a fake space-suited human model fixed in the drivers seat.Musk joked that“it may bediscovered by some future alien race”.Falcon Heavy went into space on

49、its test flight on February 6.The launch took place at NASAs Cape Canaveral Air Force Station and Kennedy Space Center in the USstate of Florida, the spot also used for the Apollo 11 Moonmission and several space shuttle launches.It was delayed by several hours because of high winds in the upper atm

50、osphere.Minutes after take-off, the two outer boosters （助推器）landed at the nearby Cape Canaveral Air Force Station.SpaceX announced plans to eventually use Falcon Heavy to launch two paying space tourists on a trip around the Moon.However, Musk said he will probably reserve that mission for another launch system, the BFR.Recently, SpaceX planned to launch a Falcon 9 rocket for NASAs TESS mission on March 20.It is repo