2022年暑假新高三暑假提能英语题型专练(阅读理解完形填空语法填空)Day 02(解析版)

1、2022年暑假新高三【暑假提能】英语题型专练（通用版）02阅读理解+完形填空+语法填空一、阅读理解1It was the festive season. Mom had baked some delicious cookies. Jam tarts were always my favorite and I had enjoyed myself to excess. Moreover, the refrigerator was well-stocked with chocolates and ice-cream so I helped myself to all the goodies. Th

2、at night I woke up with an unbearable toothache. No amount of aspirin could stop the pain.When morning arrived, I had to do the unavoidable - make an appointment with the dentist. My dental appointment was at 2 pm that afternoon, which was just another four hours away. The thought was enough to kill

3、 my interest in everything else. I had butterflies in my stomach. I arrived at the dental clinic an hour before the appointment.After registering, I walked unenthusiastically towards a chair. I did not even bother to look at the other patients. Picking up a few magazines, I tried to read to get rid

4、of my fear and pain, but I could not concentrate. All I was aware of was a terrible pain. The sight of patients coming out from the treatment room, with large pieces of gauze sticking out from their mouths, only seemed to worsen my pain.One of my New Year resolutions was made while I was shifting re

5、stlessly in my seat. I vowed never to taste another jam tart or take a chunky bite of chocolate in the future.When my name was finally called, I staggered into the treatment room. I heard the dentist greeting me, but I could not bring myself to respond to his greeting. The sight of the drilling equi

6、pment and the hypodermic syringes （皮下注射器）only increased my feelings of sickness. When the dentist asked me to take my seat and then open my mouth, I felt my heart pounding very fast. I was sure that I was going to get a heart attack.The dentist informed me that it was best to extract the tooth. I no

7、dded and opened my mouth and tried to think of other things. The next minute or so was one of the most terrifying moments of my life. I grabbed the dentists hands more than once. At first, he was quite taken aback and eyed me suspiciously. Then he warned me that he would have my hands tied if I were

8、 to repeat my antics. I did not think that he was joking!Soon the pain gave way to a soothing sensation. When the dentist told me that the pain was all over, I could hardly believe my ears. After paying for the extraction, I walked out of the clinic confidently and headed for the nearest bus stop. I

9、 swore that this would be the first and the last time I stepped into a dental clinic.What might be the reason for my not feeling well that night?A. Too much fun during the day.B. An upset stomach.C. Unrestrained eating of goodies.D. Overuse of aspirin.What did I do to distract me from the toothache

10、before I met the dentist?A. Making an appointment with the dentist. B. Trying to read some magazines.C. Observing other patients.D. Making my New Year wishes.Which of the following is the closest in meaning to the underline word in the sixth paragraph?A. rude behaviorB. natural behaviorC. dangerous

11、behaviorD. interesting behaviorOcean. This is important work, and nobody can do it but us/ he says.（他成认：”成功到达北极是个人的雄心壮 志，对极地探险团体以外的任何人来说都没有多大价值。”这一次，科学家们将从数据中获益，我们正在 创立一个平台，让尽可能多的人参与到北冰洋发生的事情中来。这是一项重要的工作，除了我们没人能做。广 可知，他觉得这次探险将会使得更多的人从他们的工作中获益。应选C。6Researchers at MIT and in China developed a simple,

12、solar-powered water desalination （月兑盐）system. They have made a breakthrough in getting fresh drinking water from sea water by using sunlight.As the research paper published in Energy & Environmental Science explains, equipment applied in this system includes several layers of flat evaporators （蒸发器）t

13、hat turn water sources into fresh water through solar energy, as well as condensers （冷凝器）that cool the gas into the liquid. The authors of the paper are MIT students Lenan Zhang and Lin Zhao, Professor Evelyn Wang, and nine other researchers at MIT and at Shanghai Jiao Tong University in China.How t

14、he system uses each of the multiple stages to remove salt from the water is critical to its efficiency. The heat released per stage will be used by the next stage. In this way, the teams device can convert （转换）the energy of sunlight into the energy of water evaporation with an efficiency of 385 perc

15、ent.The device can be considered as a multilayer solar still. The heat is absorbed by its flat panels and then transferred to make water evaporate. The vapor then cools down and turns into liquid water on the next panel. As the water is collected, the released heat is transferred to the next layer.T

16、he teams 10-stage system produces pure water. Its quality is above the city drinking water standards. It also has the highest yield compared to other similar systems, at a rate of nearly six cubic decimeter per hour for every square meter of the solar collecting area. The system is distinguished fro

17、m some others by the fact that there is no accumulated salt to be got rid of. Most materials of the demonstration unit dont cost much and are easy to get.Further experiments will be carried out on the device to optimize （优化）the choices of materials and test its durability under realistic conditions.

18、 Researchers will also work on the design of the device to make it more consumer-friendly. It is expected that the system could finally help developing regions that are short of electricity supplies but rich in sea water and sunlight handle water crises.What contributes most to the high efficiency o

19、f the device?A. The recycling of released heat.B. The choice of materials.C. The use of multilayer equipment.D. The simplicity of the structure.What is the main idea of Paragraph 4?A. What the device is for.B. How solar energy is collected.C. How the device works.D. What makes the device.What makes

20、the device different from other systems?A. The quality of water it produces.B. Its zero accumulation of salt.C. Its stable and high production level.D. The low cost of its condensers.Why will researchers carry out further experiments on the device?A. To make it suitable for use by consumers.B. To ma

21、ke it environment-friendly.C. To check its performance in labs.D. To reduce its cost.【答案与解析】本文是一篇说明文。文章主要介绍了麻省理工学院和中国的研究人员开发了一种简单的太 阳能海水淡化系统。他们在利用阳光从海水获取新鲜饮用水方面取得了突破性进展。.细节理解题。根据文章第三段The heat released per stage will be used by the next stage. In this way, the teams device can convert （转换）the energy

22、of sunlight into the energy of water evaporation with an efficiency of 385 percent.（每一级释放的热量将被下一级使用。通过这种方式，该团队的设备可以以385%的效率将太阳 光的能量转化为水蒸发的能量。）”可知，释放的热量的循环使用对该设备的高效率贡献最大。应选A。.主旨大意题。根据第四段“The device can be considered as a multilayer solar still. The heat is absorbed by its flat panels and then transfe

23、rred to make water evaporate. The vapor then cools down and turns into liquid water on the next panel. As the water is collected, the released heat is transferred to the nextlayer.（该装置可以被 认为是一 个多层太阳能蒸储器。它的平板吸收热量，然后将热量传递，使水蒸发。然后蒸汽冷却下来，在下一个面 板上变成液态水。当水被收集起来时，释放的热量被转移到下一层。广可知，第四段讲述了该装置的工作 流程。应选C。.细节理解题

24、。根据第五段“The system is distinguished from some others by the fact that there is no accumulated salt to be got rid of. Most materials of the demonstration unit dont cost much and are easy to get.（该 系统与其他一些系统的区别在于它没有堆积的盐需要去除。演示装置的大局部材料本钱不高，很容易获 得。厂可知，该装置的零盐积累使它与其他系统不同。应选B。.推理判断题。根据最后一段Researchers will a

25、lso work on the design of the device to make it more consumer-friendly.（研究人员还将研究该设备的设计，使其更方便消费者使用。广可推断，研究人员将对该 设备进行进一步实验，使其更适合消费者使用。应选A。7Many of you may have used Siri, a voice assistant of US tech company Apple. You only have to say hey Siri“ and it will answer to your command. However, we may be s

26、acrificing our privacy to enjoy this convenience.According to a recent report by the Guardian. Siri can be accidentally triggered（触发）and start recording private conversations, such as discussions between doctors and patients. Some of these recordings are then given to workers outside the company to

27、review. Apple claimed the data was used to help Siri improve, but users were not informed of this measure in the first place.Apples Siri is not the only voice assistant to come under fire. In 2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Amazon, recorded a private conversation between

28、a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.These issues deepened concerns that tech companies are threatening users, rights of privacy. Many people have long feared that tech companies are listening and collecting data from private conversations, reported Forbes. Using this data, th

29、ird party companies could then paint an accurate picture of users habits and preferences in order to serve them more targeted advertisements, or even worse, sell this private data.Despite this risk, the popularity of voice assistant seems to be unstoppable. According to a report by Ovum, a London-ba

30、sed research firm, there will be almost as many voice assistants on the planet as people by 2021. “In the near future, everything from your lighting to your air-conditioning to your refrigerator, your coffee maker, and even your toilet could be wired to a system controlled by voice J commented The A

31、tlantic. Colin Horgan wrote on the blog site Medium that he believed peoples daily lives will soon become a source of data. The sounds of our homes, the symphony of lifelaughing, crying, talking, shouting, sitting in silencewill no longer be considered memories, but data J he wrote.To deal with the

32、issue, Blake Morgan, reporter for The Atlantic, believed that the answer is transparency. All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data J she wrote on The Atlantic.Daniel Blair, CEO of a virtual reality startup in Canada, told CBC News that people

33、can change settings and limit how often the device is active in your home, and do some research before buying a device.Why are users worried about the use of the voice assistants?The tech company didnt tell the users how they work.Their houses will be controlled by voice assistants.The assistants wi

34、ll turn their daily lives into data.Their private data may be collected and abused.The underlined phrase in paragraph 3 can be replaced by.A. be on fireB. be criticizedC. be praisedD. be out of dateWhat should the companies do to protect the users9 privacy?Inform the users of how they deal with the

35、data.Remove the assistants from the users devices.Change the settings and limit the use of the assistants.Do some research on whether the users like the assistants.Which of the following can be the best title for the passage? A. Voice assistant: a future fashionVoice assistant: a private data defend

36、erVoice assistant: a potential privacy threatVoice assistant: an efficient house-keeper【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要讲述了语音助手会在用户不知情的情况下记录私人对话，从而 导致用户隐私被收集和泄露。很多用户对语音助手的这种“威胁隐私”的行为存在担忧，而有关人士认为向 用户解释私人数据是如何被处理的是保护用户隐私的方式；也有建议说人们可以改变设置，限制设备在家 中的活跃频率，并在购买设备前进行一些调查。.细节理解题。根据文章第四段内容“Many people have long feared that

37、 tech companies are listening and collecting data from private conversations, reported Forbes. Using this data, third party companies could then paint an accurate picture of users habits and preferences in order to serve them more targeted advertisements, or even worse, sell this private data.（据福布斯报

38、道，很多人一直担忧科技公司会监听私人谈话并收集数据。 利用这些数据，第三方公司可以准确地描绘出用户的习惯和偏好，以便为他们提供更有针对性的广告，甚 至更糟的是，出售这些私人数据。）”可知，对于使用语音助手，人们存在的担忧是私人信息会被收集和滥 用。应选D项。.词义猜想题。分析语境可知，Apples Siri is not the only voice assistant（苹果的Siri并不是唯一的语音助 手）”应是指后文举例提及的语音助手“Alexa”，根据后文“In 2018, Alexa, a voice assistant developed by US tech company Ama

39、zon, recorded a private conversation between a couple and sent it to a stranger without their permission.（2018年，美国科技公司亚马逊开发的语音助手Alexa在未经允许的情况下录下了一对夫妇的私 人对话，并将其发送给了一个陌生人。广的举例解释可知，语音助手Alexa在未经允许的情况下将私人对 话转发给了其他人，这是错误，应该受到指责。由此可推知，划线短语“come under fire”应是“指责；批评 含义。应选B项。.细节理解题。根据文章第六段内容“To deal with the

40、issue, Blake Morgan, reporter for The Atlantic, believed that the answer is transparency. All companies need to have messaging ready to explain to customers what they do with private data/ she wrote on The Atlantic.（大西洋月刊记者Blake Morgan认为，解决这个问题的答 案是透明。她在大西洋月刊上写道：“所有公司都需要准备好信息，向用户解释他们如何处理私人数 据。“广可知，根

41、据Blake Morgan的说法，向用户解释私人数据是如何被处理的是公司保护用户隐私的方 式。应选A项。.主旨大意题。通过阅读文章可知，文章首段“However”句揭示了文章的核心话题，However, we may be sacrificing our privacy to enjoy this convenience.（然而，我们可能会牺牲我们的隐私来享受这种便利。广,即, 文章主要讲述了以“语音助手有可能会使用户隐私被收集和泄露”这一话题展开了讨论。选项C-Voice assistant: a potential privacy threat（语音助手：潜在的隐私威胁）”贴合主题。应选C

42、项。二、七选五The term social distancing is all over the news, but what does it really mean? Social distancing refers to staying a specific distance away from other people to help prevent illnesses from spreading. 29 With all the misinformation online, take a few minutes to review how to social distance an

43、d learn why its important to help stop COVID-19.Stay 6 ft （1.8 m）, or your governments recommended distance, away from other people. COVID-19 typically spreads through droplets, like sneezes or coughs, which are typically found in public spaces. 30 Thats why social distancing is so important.Call or

44、 video chat with loved ones instead of visiting. Get in touch with a friend or family member and see if theyd like to chat. If a phone call isnt cutting it fbr you, see if theyd be interested in video chatting. While there9s no real replacement fbr in-person social gatherings, virtual hang-outs can

45、help you stay connected. 31Stay away from crowded areas. 32 If you choose to visit a public space, check that it is practicing safe social distancing measures, so you can stay safe during your visit.33 COVID-19 is exhausting both emotionally and mentally, and theres no reason fbr you to cookmeals ev

46、ery single day. Its great to support your local restaurants - just do it safely by ordering delivery through the restaurant or a third-party delivery service.Going out in public is unavoidable.Order delivery instead of eating out.Wear a face mask whenever you go out in public.Cook meals at home inst

47、ead of eating at restaurants.They can travel a pretty long distance through the air.The distance is determined by health experts and national governments.For instance, you can download plenty of multiplayer games to play with them.【答案与解析】这是一篇说明文。文章主要就预防新冠病毒，保持社交距离提出了几点建议。.根据上文“Social distancing refe

48、rs to staying a specific distance away from other people to help prevent illnesses什om spreading.（“保持社交距离”指的是与他人保持一定距离，以防止疾病传播户可知，上文提到了 “社交距离”的概念，推测本句是在说明其制定者。故F选项“社交距离由卫生专家和国家政府确定符合语 境,应选F。.根据上文“ Stay 6 ft （1.8 m）, or your governments recommended distance, away from other people. COVID-19 typically

49、spreads through droplets, like sneezes or coughs, which are typically found in public spaces.（与他人保持6英尺（1.8米）的距离，或政府建议的距离。COVID-19通常通过飞沫传播，如打喷 嚏或咳嗽，这通常出现在公共场所）以及后文Thats why social distancing is so important.（这就是社交距离 如此重要的原因广可知，本句是在说明社交距离重要的原因：新冠病毒可以通过空气传播相当长的距离。故E选项“它们可以通过空气传播相当长的距离”符合语境，应选Eo.根据上文“ C

50、all or video chat with loved ones instead of visiting. Get in touch with a friend or family member and see if theyd like to chat. If a phone call isnt cutting it for you, see if theyd be interested in video chatting. While there?s no real replacement fbr in-person social gatherings, virtual hang-out

51、s can help you stay connected.（ 与所爱的人打 或视频聊天，而不是去看望他们。与朋友或家人联系，看看他们是否愿意 聊天。如果一个 不适合你，看看他们是否有兴趣视频聊天。虽然没有真正的东西可以替代面对面的社 交聚会，但虚拟聚会可以帮助你保持联系）“可知，本句承接上文举例说明可以通过哪种虚拟聚会和爱的人 保持联系。故G选项“例如，你可以下载很多多人游戏和他们一起玩”符合语境，应选G。.根据上文“ Stay away from crowded areas.（不要去人多的地方）“以及后文If you choose to visit a public space, chec

52、k that it is practicing safe social distancing measures, so you can stay safe during your visit（如果你选 择参观公共场所，请检查它是否采取了平安的社交距离措施，这样你就可以在参观期间保持平安广可知， 本段主要是针对外出时的建议，即外出不可防止的情况下，如何做好预防。故A选项“外出是不可防止的” 符合语境，应选A。.根据后文“COVID-19 is exhausting both emotionally and mentally, and theres no reason for you to coo

53、k meals every single day. Ifs great to support your local restaurants just do it safely by ordering delivery through the restaurant or a third-party delivery service.（COVID-19在情感和精神上都很疲惫，你没有理由每天做饭。 支持你当地的餐馆是很好的只要通过餐馆或第三方外卖服务平安的点餐就可以了厂可知，后文提到了 通过餐馆或第三方外卖服务平安的点餐，可见建议点外卖，而不是到店里去吃。故B选项“点外卖而不是 下馆子”符合语境，应

54、选B。三、完形填空1Its a moving story. A primary school teacher in Kentucky went above and beyond to 38 that a special student was included during a fun class field trip.The student was a 10-year-old girl named Ryan Neighbors. Born with a defect called spina（脊椎裂）,she has to use a wheelchair for her 39 life.

55、Because of the lack of wheelchair access, previous school trips had been a 40 to the young girl. This year, Neighbors9 family learned from the school that the class would be 41 the Ohio State Park, which was obviously inaccessible. So the family started to plan a （n）42trip to cheer her up. Fortunate

56、ly, Jim Freeman, who teaches the class next door to Neighbors9classroom, 43 and volunteered to carry her around the park using a special backpack.Freeman44 brought Shelly King, Neighbors9 mother, to tears. It is said that Freeman carriedour daughter on his back all the way to explore the state park.

57、 It 45 my heart,“ said Shelly. tcHe was so46 that he strived （努力）to make sure that Neighbors was included and not 47 丁 So Shelly went to social media to 48 Freeman. So far, the post has been 49 thousands of times.“This is just one of the physical acts that we do daily in school. It was nothing more

58、than a way to 50a student in need J Freeman 51.52, for Ryan Neighbors the generous deed provided a lesson that would likely stick with her for years.A. insistA. entireA. pleasureA. wanderingA. freeA. dropped inA. ambitionA. meltedA. open-mindedA. dealt withA. praiseA. providedA. helpA. admittedA. An

59、ywayB. ensureB. shortB. chanceB. headingB. occasionalB. stepped inB. courageB. stoppedB. energeticB. left outB. encourageB. claimedB. rewardB. respondedInsteadconvinceC. previousC. missionC. visitingC. regularC. moved onC. generosityC. stoleC. differentC. taken overC. selectC. approvedC.chooseargued

60、C. HoweveragreeD. typicalD. challengeD. leavingD. alternativeD. calmed downD. determinationD. openedD. warm-heartedD. turned downD. followD. sharedD. educateD.addedD. Therefore【答案与解析】这是一篇记叙文。文章讲述十岁的Ryan Neighbors因患脊椎裂而无法参加学校组织的外出活动，邻班老师Jim Freeman主动提出背着她一起去旅行，这使小女孩的母亲非常感动，也让Ryan不再感到孤单。.考查动词词义辨析。句意：肯