船舶设计说明书

1、（一）已知条件主机型号：6ESDZ 76/160型式：二冲程、直列、回流扫气、废气涡轮增压低速柴油机气缸直径：760毫米活塞行程：1600毫米缸数： 6持续功率：7320 马力=7320X735W=5380.2Kw持续转速：124转/分1 小时功率：8898 马力=8898X735W=6540Kw1小时转速：130转/分主机飞轮重：1.45吨螺旋桨直径：5490毫米重量：11.4吨（二）中间轴基本直径（按1989年钢质海船规范）中间轴材料35优质碳素钢中间轴基本直径dN,608d = 100 j (3 n、b +176.5式中，N-轴传递的额定功率取N=5380.2Kw n-轴传递的转速，取n

2、=124 r/min a b-轴材料的抗拉强度，取。b=530MPa c-系数，取c=1d =*(608) = 334毫米124 530 +176.5因为本轮冰区级别为BII级进行加强，取增加5%d。则中间轴基本直径d应为：d=334+334X5%=351 毫米（轴干直径230 取 5-10 毫米，N230 取 10-30 毫米）现取d=380毫米，轴承处直径d=390毫米（三）螺旋桨轴径计算仍按上述中间轴径d计算公式计算，但系数c取1.26故螺旋桨轴的计算基本直径dp为：d =d X 1.26=351 X 1.26=443 毫米现取d =470毫米（四）推力轴径计算对于推力轴径：推力轴在推力

3、环区的直径应按中间轴的计算直径增加10%,其余部分可逐渐减小到 中间轴直径故推力轴直径气=顷=1，1 x 351mm = 386mm现取d =410mm，其轴承处直径d =420mm（五）轴承负荷计算1.轴承负荷简图的有关数据（Y =0.0769N/cm3）（1）螺旋桨轴：按有关线图查的重量系数甲=1.16，则螺旋桨轴的单位长度重度:nd 2q =甲寸Y=1.16 xnx 0.47240.0769x10-6=15.53/m（2）中间轴：L/D=5700/380=15按有关线图查的重量系数甲=1.09q = 1.09 x!2 x 些=9.5kN / m410 - 6（2）推力轴：L/D=1445

4、/410=3.5按有关线图查的重量系数甲=2.08q =Vn Y= 2.08 xi x 些=21.1kN/m4410-6轴段惯性矩n n（1）螺旋桨轴：I = 一d4 = X0.474 = 2.39x10-3m464 p 64nn（2）中间轴：I = 一d4 =一X0.384 = 1.02x10-3m46464nn（3）推力轴：I = 64d4 = 64x0.414 = 1.39x10-3m4轴段负荷简图：各轴段相对刚度：计算各轴段相对刚度时，忽略铜套影响，取弹性模量E均相等相对刚度分别为：kBC12.3冬=7.836x10-43.05k = 2.39孔925 + 皿心835-1.925）*、

5、= 2.523x10-4cd5.8355.835kde=kEF1.02x10-3 =1.789x10-45.7kFG1.02x10-3=2.242x10-44.55kGH1.02x1.6 + 1.14x1.44510-3x3.0453.045=3.537x10-45.各支点的分配系数所以:ABC=1 (简支梁)二、C CB k + k7.8367.836 + 2.523=0.756人=一kcD一 = 一2.523一 = 0.244 cd kBc + kcD7.836 + 2.523k=DEDE k + kk人 =EFEF k + kkFGFG k + k1.7891.789 + 2.5231.

6、7891.789 +1.789=0.415=0.52.242=0.5562.242 +1.789人 =一kGH一 = 关刀 =0.612 GHkGH + kFG3.53.7 + 2.242人HG =（固定端）人=1 人=1 0.5 = 0.5、=1 -、= 1 0.556 = 0.444、=-gh = 1 0.612 = 0.3886.各跨距端点的固定弯矩根据材料力学或结构力学的弯矩表中有关公式求得，并将其填入“不平衡弯矩传递分配表”MA = 2 q *22 G2 *1.4*9.8 = |x5.5x22 11.4x1.4x9.8 = -187.41kN - mM = q *3.052 = Lx

7、15.5x3.052 = 12.02kN - mBC 1212M = M =12.02 kN - mCBBCM = 155x(1:925)2 x(3x1.9252 -8x1.925x5.835 + 6x5.8352)+ 97x (835-1.925)3 xcd 125.835125.8352(4x5.835-3x(5.835-1.925) = 34.12kN - mM = 155X(1925)2 X (4X 5.835 3 x 1.925) 97x 1 x(5.8354 1.9253 x(4 x5.835 3 x 1.925)DC 125.83512 5.8352=27.02kN - mM =

8、 12 x 9.7 x 5.7 = 26.26kN - mM = M= 26.26kN - mEDDEM = 12 x 9.7 x 5.7 = 26.26kN - mM= M= 26.26kN - mFEEFM = 12 x 9.7 x 4.552 = 16.73kN - mM= M=16.73kN - mGFFGM= 97x(-1)2 x(3x 1.62 8x 1.6x3.045 + 6x3.0452)+124x 1.4453 x(4x3.045 3x 1.445)gh 123.045123.0452,、,0.745、+1.45 x 9.8 x (3.045 0.745) x ()2 = 1

9、0.03kN - m3.045M= 97x(-1)2 x(4x3.045 3x 1.6) 124x1 x(3.0454 1.63 x(4x3.045 3x 1.6)hg 123.045123.04523.045 0.745、一 1.45 x 9.8 x 2.3 x () = 26.504kN - m3.0457.各点不平衡弯矩分配表-187.410187.410-32.854-12.36212.36325.3388.各点支反力5.12532.85425.36423.24725.36523.247M = 0贝V有：(11.4 x 9.8 x 0.6) + - x 15.5 x 2 x 2 +18

10、7.41 = 2 x R2B1得：Rb1 = 142.72kNM = 0则有：x (15.5 X 3.05) X 3.05 +187.41 = 3.05 xR + 5.125232得：R =83.403B2M =QB2则有：1X (15.5 X 3.05) X 3.05 + 5.125 = 3.05 x R +187.41 TOC o 1-5 h z 2ci得：R =36.13WVciUM =0Dl 11(15.5x 1.925)x(_x 1.925 + (5.835-1.925) ) + -x(9.7x(5.835-1.925) )x(5.835-1.925) + 5.126 则有：22=5

11、.835 x A +32.854C2得：R =32.873C2M =0C21 1(9.7x(5.835 1.925) )x(-x(5.835-1.925) + 1.925) + -x 15.5x 1.925x 1.925 + 32.854 则有：22= 5.835xA +5.126Dl得：R =34.893DlUM =QEl则有：LX9.7X5.7X5.7 + 32.854 = 5.7x7? + 25.364 2得：R =28.963D2M =QD2则有：1X 9.7 X 5.7 X 5.7 + 25.364 = 5JR +32.8542ei得：R =26.333 ElM =QFl则有：L X

12、 9.7 X 5.7 X 5.7 + 25.365 = 5.7R + 23.2472E2得：R =28.023 ElM = 0则有：2 x 9.7 x 5.7 x 5.7 + 23.247 = 5.7Rp 1 + 25.365得：Rf 1 = 27.62kNM = 0则有：2 x 9.7 x 4.55 x 4.55 + 23.247 = 4.55 x R2 +12.362得：Rf2 = 24.46kN M = 0则有：2 x 9.7 x 4.55 x 4.55 +12.363 = 4.55 x R + 23.247得：Rgi = 19.68kN M = 0则有：(2 x 1.6 +1.445)

13、 x (9.7 x 1.6) + 2 x 12.4 x 1.445 x 1.445 +12.363 +1.45 x 9.8 x 0.745 = 3.045R。2 + 25.338得：Rg2 = 14.91kN TOC o 1-5 h z M= 0,1 八.一 ，1 一-、一一 .、(x 1.6) x 9.7 x 1.6 +12.4 x 1.445 x( x 1.445 +1.6) + 25.338 +1.45 x 9.8 x(1.6 + 0.7)则有：22=3.045 x Rh +12.363得：Rh = 32.74kN所以：RB = RB1 + RB 2 = 142.72 + 83.4 =

14、226.12kNRC = RC1 + RC 2 = -36.13 + 32.87 = -3.26kNRD = RD1 + RD 2 = 34.89 + 28.96 = 63.85kNRe = Re1 + Re2 = 26.33 + 28.02 = 54.35kNRf = Rf 1 + Rf2 = 27.62 + 24.46 = 52.08kNRg = Rg1 + Rg2 = 19.68 +14.91 = 34.59kN校核载荷总重量:F = (11.4 +1.45) x 9.8 +15.5 x (2 + 3.05 +1.925) + 9.7 x (5.835 -1.925) + 5.7 + 5

15、.7 + 4.55 +1.6) +12.4 x 1.445 = 460.123总支反力：R = RB + RC + RD + Re + Rf + Rg + Rh = 226.12 - 3.26 + 63.85 + 54.35 + 52.08 + 34.59 + 32.74 = 460.473所以总重力近似等于总支反力，误差是由小数点引起的轴承负荷：螺旋桨轴（靠近螺旋桨）采用铁梨木轴承，则其长度：L=4D另一螺旋桨轴采用白合金轴承，其长度：L=2D中间轴轴承长度：L=0.74D推力轴轴两端支撑轴承尺寸：L=DB点p =22612 = 255.91炊 /m2b 4 x 0.47 x 0.47C点p

16、 = c = -7.38kN / m2c LD 2 x 0.47 x 0.47D点p D=63.85= 567 28kN/m2.0.74 x 0.39 x 0.39E点P E54.35=482 88kN/m2，.OOA70.74 x 0.39 x 0.39F点P F52.0846，7 IkN / th 2.m0.74 x 0.39 x 0.39G点P G34.59=307 32kN / m2.mV0.74 x 0.39 x 0.39H点P H32.74 +12.4 x 1.445=287 18kN / m 20.42 x 0.42-轴承负荷的调整可以用以下方法调整（1）调低支承点的最高负荷。可

17、采用使上述计算中最高负荷的支承D点的位置降低，或 升高最低负荷支承点C的位置的方法。先采用升高C的方法：使C点上升1mm （即A =1X10-3m），并求出对各支承点所引起的不平衡弯矩：6 Ek5式中，E=2.058X 108 kN/m2已知:kC = 7.836 x 10 -4m4=2.523 x 10 -4m4lC = 3.05my = 5.835m所以M bc = Mcb =6 x 2.058 x 108 x 7.836 x 10-43.05x 0.001 = 317.24kN.mMCD=MDC6 x 2.058 x 108 x 2.523 x 10-45.835x 0.001 = 53

18、.39kN.m故各点所引起的不平衡弯矩:第一次不平衡力矩分配表BCDEFG1H1.0000.7560.2440.5850.4150.5000.5000.4440.5560.3880.6120.0000.000-317.240-317.24053.39053.3900.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.000固定弯矩317.240263.850-53.3900.0000.0000.000平衡弯矩317.240199.47164.379-31.233-22.1570.0000.0000.0000.0000.0000.000第一次分配/X99.735158.620

19、-15.61732.1900.000-11.0780.0000.0000.0000.0000.000第次传递-99.735-143.003-32.19011.0780.0000.000平衡弯矩-99.735-108.111-34.893-18.831-13.3595.5395.5390.0000.0000.0000.000第二次分配/X-54.055-49.868-9.415-17.4462.7706.6790.0002.7700.0000.0000.000第一次传递55528700平衡弯矩54.05544.81814.4658.5866.0913.3403.340-1.230-1.5400.

20、0000.000第二次分配八/X22.40927.0284.2937.2331.6703.045-0.6151.6700.000-0.7700.000第三次传递-22.409-31.321-8.902-2.431-1.6700.770平衡弯矩-22.409-23.678-7.642-5.208-3.694-1.215-1.215-0.741-0.9280.2990.471第四次分配/X-11.839-11.205-2.604-3.821-0.608-1.847-0.371-0.6080.149-0.4640.236第四次传递11.83913.8084.4292.2180.4580.464平衡弯

21、矩11.83910.4393.3692.5911.8381.1091.1090.2030.2550.1800.284第五次分配/X5.2205.9201.2951.6850.5540.9190.1020.5540.0900.1270.142第五次传递5153)27平衡弯矩-5.220-5.455-1.760-1.310-0.929-0.510-0.510-0.286-0.358-0.049-0.078第六次分配/X-2.727-2.610-0.655-0.880-0.255-0.465-0.143-0.255-0.025-0.179-0.039第六次传递2.7273.2651.1350.608

22、0.2800.179平衡弯矩2.7272.4680.7970.6640.4710.3040.3040.1240.1560.0700.110第七次分配/X1.2341.3640.3320.3980.1520.2360.0620.1520.0350.0780.055第七次传递-1.234-1.696-0.550-0.298-0.187-0.078平衡弯矩-1.234-1.282-0.414-0.322-0.228-0.149-0.149-0.083-0.104-0.030-0.048第八次分配/X-0.641-0.617-0.161-0.207-0.074-0.114-0.041-0.074-0.

23、015-0.052-0.024第八次传递850905平衡弯矩0.6410.5880.1900.1650.1170.0780.0780.0400.0500.0200.032第九次分配/X0.2940.3200.0820.0950.0390.0580.0200.0390.0100.0250.016第九次传递-0.294-0.403-0.134-0.078-0.049-0.025平衡弯矩-0.294-0.305-0.098-0.078-0.056-0.039-0.039-0.022-0.027-0.010-0.015第十次分配/X-0.152-0.147-0.039-0.049-0.020-0.02

24、8-0.011-0.020-0.005-0.014-0.008第十次传递0.1520.1860.0690.0390.0240.014平衡弯矩0.1520.1410.0450.0400.0290.0190.0190.0110.0140.0050.008第一次分配/X0.0700.0760.0200.0230.0100.0140.0050.0100.0030.0070.004第十一次传递752平衡弯矩-0.070-0.073-0.023-0.019-0.013-0.010-0.010-0.005-0.007-0.003-0.004第十二次分配/X-0.036-0.035-0.009-0.012-0

25、.005-0.007-0.003-0.005-0.001-0.003-0.002第十二次传递0.0360.0450.0170.0090.0060.003平衡弯矩0.0360.0340.0110.0100.0070.0050.0050.0030.0030.0010.002第十三次分配/X0.0170.0180.0050.0050.0020.0030.0010.0020.0010.0020.001第十三次传递200503平衡弯矩-0.017-0.017-0.006-0.005-0.003-0.002-0.002-0.001-0.002-0.001-0.001第十四次分配/X-0.009-0.008-0.002-0.003-0.001-0.002-0.001-0.0010.000-0.001-0.001第十四次传递平衡弯矩0.0090.0080.0030.0020.0020.0010.0010.0010.0010.0000.001第十五次分配/X0.0040.0040.0010.0010.0010.0010.0000.0010.0000.0000.000第十五次传递-0.004-0.006-0.002-0.001-0.00