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1、高 中 英 语 常 见 前 后 缀一、前缀a- 1.无、不、非:amoral (非道德性的).意为 in, on, at, by, with, to : asleep (在熟睡中).加强意义:aloud大声的ac-有at, to 之意或表示加强意义:accompany (陪伴)ad-有at, to之意或表示加强意义:adventure (冒险)an-加强或引申意义:announce (宣布)ante -前、先:anteroom (前室,接待室)anti -反对、相反;防止:antiwar (反战的)auto-自己、自动: autobiography (自传)automatic autonomo

2、usbe- 1.使;使成为 :befool欺骗,愚弄;.加强,饰以,用(做某事):becloud遮暗,遮蔽;.在:beside (在 旁边).加强或引申意义:befall (降临;发生)bene-善、好:bene巾t (恩惠,利益)bi-两、二:bcolor (两色的)bicycleby-旁、侧;(非正式)副:byroad小路circum-周围、环绕: circumplanetary 环绕行星的co- 共同: coaction 共同行动col- 共同:colleague (同事)com - 1.共同: combine 联合;结合。2.加强或引申意义:commix混合con- 1. 共同:con

3、colorous 同色的;2.加强或引申意义:conclude结束,终结contra - 反对、 相反: contraposition 对照; 针对cor- 1.共同;互相: correlation 相互关系;2.加强或引申意义:correct纠正counter - 反对、相反: contramarch (反方向行进 )de- 1.否定、非、相反:denationalize (非国有化).除去、取消、毁: desalt (除去盐分)deflower.离开:detrain下火车;.向下、降低、少:depress (EE低、压下).加强意义:design (计划、设计)deca- 十:decame

4、ter (10 米)deci-十分之一:decimeter (十分之一米,1分米)demi -半:demigod半神半人di-二、双:disyllable 双音节dia-贯通、对穿、透过、二者之间: dialogue (对话)di(s)- 1.不、无;相反:dislike (不喜欢).取?肖、除去、毁: discolor (使退色)disability disableddisadvantagedisagree disagreementdisappear disappoint disappointed discountdiscourage discoverdiscovery.加强意义:dispo

5、rt (分开、裂开).分开、离散:divorce (离婚)em- 1.置于 之内,上 :embus (装入车中、上车).用做某事;饰以;配以 :embank (筑提防护).使成某种状态;致使 ,使之如;做成:embrown着褐色en- 1.用 做某事;饰以 ;配以 :encloud (阴云遮蔽) encourage(ment) enjoy(able).使成某种状态;致使 ,使之如;做成:enlarge (使扩大、放大).加在动词之前,表示in或只做加强意义:enclose (围入、关进)ex- 1.出、外、由中弄出:export (出口).前任的、以前的:ex-soldier (退伍军人)ex

6、tra - 以外、超过:extraordinary (格夕卜的)fore -前、先、预先:foretell (预言)forecast forehead foreseehector -百:hectometer (100 米)hemi - 半:hemisphere (半球)il-(在l之前)不、无、非:illogical (不合逻辑的)illegalim-(用在b, m, p之前)1.不、无、非:impossible (不可能的).向内、入:import (输入、入口)immigration impress impression.使成:饰以;加以:impulse (冲动)in- 1.不; 无; 非

7、: informal (非正式的) independent.内,入:inside (内部、里面)income.使;作 :inspirit (使振作精神)inter - 1.在之间;际:international (国际的)2.互相:interview (会见)intra -在内、内部:intraday (一天之内的)intro -向内、入内:introduce (引入、介绍)ir-(用在r之前)不、无:irregular (不规则的)kilo - 千:kilometer (千米、公里) kilogrammacro -大、宏、长: macro-world (宏观世界)micro -微: micr

8、o-world (微观世界) microscope microwavemilli -(也作 mille-或 mill-) 1.千分之一、毫: millimeter (毫米、千分之一米2.千:millennial (1000 年的)mini -小:miniskirt (超短裙、迷你裙) minibus minimummis-误、错、恶、不: misunderstand (误解) mistake mistakenmulti -多:multiparty (多党的) multiplynon - 1.不:nonsmoker (不抽烟的人).非:non-natural (非天然的).无:nonparty

9、(无党派的)out- 1.胜过、超过:outdo (胜过、战胜).过度、太、甚:outsit (坐得太久).夕卜、出:outdoor (户夕卜的)outdoors outcome outside output outwards.除去:outgas (除去气体)over- 1.过度,太、甚: overstudy (用功过度) overweight.在上、在外、从上、超过:overcoat (外套、外衣) overhead overlook.颠倒、反转: overturn (倾倒、颠覆) overcomepan-全、?Pan-American (全美洲的、泛美的)post-后:postwar (战

10、后的)postgraduate (研究生,大学毕业后的 )pre- 1.前:prewar (战前的) previous2. 预先:pre-examination (预试) predict previewre- 1.回、向后:return (回来,返回)regress (倒退,退步).再、重复、重新:rebuild (重建,再建) refresh retell review revision.相反、反对:reaction (反动;反应) reactse-离开、分开:select (精选)semi- 半:semicircle (半圆)Sino-中国(的):Sino-American (中美的)Si

11、no-Tibetan (汉藏语系)step-后、继:stepmother (后母,继母) stepbrother (异父或异母兄弟)sub- 1.下:subway (地下铁道) subscribe.次、亚、准:subtropics (亚热带).稍、略、微:sub-acid (略酸的).副;分支;下级:subhead (副标题)subtitle.接近:sub-teen (接近13岁的小孩).更进一层,再:subdivide (再分,细分).用于化学名词表示化合物成分少的:sub-oxide (低氧化物)super- 1.超、超级: super-speed 超高速的) supermarket (超

12、级市场) superior superb.上:superstructure (上层建筑).过度、过多:superheat (过热)sym-(用在 p, b, m 前)共同、相同: sympathy (同情)symphonysyn- 共同、相同: synonym (同义词) syn-tony (共振、谐振 )tele- 远:telescope (望远镜) telephone televisiontrans - 1.越过、横过、超:transnational (超越国界的).转移、变换: ironslate (翻译)transplant (移植) transform transporttri -

13、三:triangle (三角形)trbcat (三轮汽车)twi -二、两:twirfold (两部,双重)twirforked (两叉状的) twice twinun- 1.不:unhappy (不 快乐的)unable unbearable unbelievable uncertain uncomfortable unconditional unconscious unfair unfit unfortunate unlike unrest unusual unwilling.无:unmanned (无人驾驶的).非:unjust (非正义的).未:unfinished (未完成的) un

14、employment.相反动作、取消、除去:unlock (开锁)uncap(脱帽)uncover (揭开盖子).由中弄出:un-house (把赶出屋)under - 1. 下:underground (地下的) underline.(用于衣服)内:underwear (总称)内衣.不足、少:under-dress (穿衣太少).副、次: under-king (小王)vice- 副:vice-president (副总统) vice-chairman (副主席)with -向后、相反:withdraw (撤回、撤退)二、后缀1.名词后缀(1)从事某种职业或动作的人-an, -ian 表示地

15、方的人,精通 的人“:American, historian, African, Tibetan, Asian,Christian, civilian, consultant, librarian, musician, pedestrian, physician, politician, servant-al 表示 具有职务的人”:principal, criminal, official,-ant,-ent 表示 者”: merchant, agent, student, accountant, adolescent, agent, applicant, assistant,consulta

16、nt, servant, president-ar 表示的人:scholar, liar-ard, -art 表示做的人:coward-arian 表示”派另1J的人、 主义的人“:humanitarian, vegetarian-ary 表示 从事的人“:secretary, missionary-ate 表示 具有 职责的人“:candidate, graduate-or表示做的人“:educator, speculator( 投机者),actor, conductor, director, editor, operator, sailor, visitor-crat表示某种政体、主义的支

17、持者 ”:democrat, bureaucrat-ee 表示 动作承受者 “:employee, examinee-eer 表示 从事于人:engineer, volunteer, pioneerpr表示从事某种职业的人,某地区、地方的人”:banker, observer, Londoner villager, driver, farmer, foreigner, hunter, interpreter, lawyer, leader, manager, officer, owner, painter, photographer, prayer, prisoner, reporter, r

18、uler, settler, shaver, shopkeeper, smoker, speaker, taxpayer, teacher, traveller, user, villager, waiter, winner, writer, workerese 表示 ” 国人, .地方的人 “:Japanese, Cantonese-ess 表示 阴性人:actress, hostess, ambassadress, headmistress, mistress, waitress,Tan表示“地方人,信仰 .教的人,从事 职业的人”:Asian, Christian, physicians

19、 内科医生),musician, civilian, librarian, pedestrian, physician, politician,-ian 表示 精通者, 家:electrician, magician, technician.Tst表示“家、.者、.能手、从事 研究者、信仰 主义者”:artist, chemist, communist, cyclist, dentist, journalist, novelist, physicist, pianist, receptionist, scientist, socialist, specialist, tourist, typi

20、st, violinist-ic 表示 ”者、 师“:mechanic, critic.-ie 表示 爱、小“:dearie, auntie-ine, -ina 表示 阴性人称:heroine, ballerina(女芭蕾舞者)-logist 表示学家、研究者”:biologist geologist 地质学家)-ster 表示做事情的人:youngster, gamester (赌徒).构成抽象名词-acy 表示 性质、状态、境遇 “:accuracy, diplomacy.-age 表示 状态、行为、身份、结果 ”:carriage, storage, marriage, postage-

21、al a)表示 动作、过程 “:refusal, arrival,_survival, denial, approval, trialb) 表示具体的事物:manual, signal, editorial,_journal, chemical, memorial, musical, terminal-ance, -ence表示性质、状况、行为、过程、总量、程度 ”:absence, acquaintance, adolescence, allowance, appearance, assistance, coincidence, competence, consequence, conven

22、ience, defence, diligence, difference, distance, entrance, endurance, evidence, existence, guidance, importance, independence, insurance, intelligence, existence, obedience, offence, patience, performance, preference, reference, significance, silence, violence-ancy, -ency 表示 性质、状态、行为、过程 “:frequency,

23、 urgency, efficiency, tendency,-bility 表示 动作、性质、状态:possibility, feasibility-craft 表示 工艺、技巧”:woodcraft, handicraft, statecraft (治国策)-cracy 表示 统治、支配“:bureaucracy, democracy-cy表示性质、状态、职位、级别 :bankruptcy(破产),supremacy-dom 表示 等级、领域、状态 “:freedom, kingdom, wisdom-ery, -ry 表示 行为、状态、习性 :bravery, bribery, riva

24、lry_-ety表示性质、状态:variety,-faction, -facture 表示 ”化、作用 :satisfaction, manufacture-hood 表示资格、身份、年纪、状态 :childhood, manhood, falsehood-ice 表示 行为、性质、状态 :notice, justice, service-ine 表示带有抽象概念:medicine, discipline, famine-ing 表示 动作的过程、结果 :building, writing, learning-ion, -sion, -tion, -ation, -ition 表示 行为的过程

25、、结果、状况 ”: action, solution, conclusion, destruction, expression, correction explanation,-ise 表示性质、状态:exercise, merchandise (商业)-ism 表示 制度、主义、学说、信仰、行为 :socialism, criticism, colloquialism, heroism,i)ty 表示 性质、状态、程度:purity, reality, ability, calamity, activity, anxiety, authority, electricity, equality

26、, guilty, identity, majority, minority, nationality, possibility, responsibility, safety, security, society,-ment 表示 行为、状态、过程、手段、结果 ”:treatment, movement, judgment, punishment, argument, achievement, advertisement, adjustment, agreement, amusement, appointment, arrangement, assessment, commitment, d

27、evelopment, disagreement, encouragement, entertainment, equipment, government, pavement, requirement, settlement, statement, unemployment-mony 表示 动作的结果、状态 “:ceremony, testimony-ness 表示 性质、状态、程度 ”:goodness, kindness, tiredness, friendliness, darkness, happiness, illness, sadness, sickness, weakness,-

28、or, -our 表示 动作、性质、状态 :favor, error-osity 表示动作、状态:curiosity.-ship表示情况、性质、技巧、技能、身份、职业 ”:hardship, membership, friendship, ownership, relationship, scholarship28)廿 表示 动作、性质、过程、状态 :depth, wealth, truth, length, growth, strength, warmth,29)十ude表示性质、状态、程度 ”:latitude, altitudes海拔)-ure 表示 行为、结果 “:exposure,

29、pressure, failure, procedure (手续)-y 表示行为的结果、状态、性质 :glory, history, victoryjnquiry, beauty, difficulty,(3)带有场所,地方的含义-age 表示 住所、地点“:village, cottage-ary 表示 住所、场地”:library, granary (谷仓)-ery, -ry表示 工作场所、饲养所等地点”:laundry, nursery, surgery (手术室)-ory 表示 工作场所、住处 “: factory, dormitory, laboratory, observatory

30、(4)带有学术、科技含义1) -grapy表小学、与法 : biography, calligraphy, geography2) -ic, -ics表小学、法 :logic, mechanics, optics, electronics3)-ology表小学、论 :biology, zoology, technology ( 工 )4)-nomy表小学、术 :astronomy, economy, bionomy (生5)-ery表示学科、”:chemistry, cookery, machinery6)y表小学、术、法“: photography, philosophy(5)表示人和事物的

31、总和、集合-age: baggage, tonnage-dom: newspaperdom (新闻界)-hood : neighbourhood, womanhood-ery : cavalry, ministry 内阁)-ure: legislature, judicature(6)表示物品、物质名称-ant, -ent: solvent, constant-al: signal, pictorial_(画报)-ar: collar, pillar_(石柱)-er: barrier,boiler,_computer, washer, cooker, recorder, carrier, cl

32、eaner, container, cooker, drawer, eraser, laughter, poster, prayer, receiver, rubber, ruler, sharpener, shaver, sneaker, speaker, sweater, thriller, typewriter, zipper-or: razor, refrigerator,-ery : drapery (绸缎)-tng : clothing, matting-ment: instrument, equipment, attachment表示细小”的含义-cle: particle-cu

33、le: molecule(分子)-el: parcel-en: chicken, maiden_-et: pocket, ticket-etta, -ette, -etto : cigarette, essayelte (短文)-kin : napkin-ling : duckling-let: booklet-y: baby, doggy2.形容词后缀(1)带有属性、倾向、相关”的含义-able, -ible: movable, comfortable, applicable, visible, responsible, changeable, valuable, accessible, a

34、dmirable, available, enjoyable, flexible, horrible, impossible, portable, reasonable, reliable, suitable, terrible, unbearable, unbelievable, uncomfortable, valuable-al: natural, additional, educational, actual, agricultural, botanical, central, conventional, digital, facial, fundamental, gradual, i

35、nternational, medical, memorial, musical, national, official, optional, physical, personal, political, practical, racial, skeptical, social, spiritual, technical, terminal, theoretical, traditional, unconditional, universal, vertical, visual, vital-an, ane: urban, suburban, republican-ant, -ent : di

36、stant, important, excellent,_absent, abundant, adolescent, apparent, brilliant, confident, consistent, convenient, different, elegant, evident, excellent, fluent, fragrant, frequent, important, independent, innocent, instant, merchant, patient, permanent, pleasant, pregnant, relevant, silent, urgent

37、, violent,-ar: similar, popular, regular, familiar,-ary: military, voluntary, contemporary, contrary, primary-ic, -atic, -ical : politic, systematic, historic, physical, chemical, commercial, confidential (机密的, 保密的 ),electrical,-ine: masculine, feminine, marine-ing : moving, touching, daring-ish: fo

38、olish, bookish, selfish-ive: active, impressive, decisive-ory: satisfactory, compulsory-il, -ile, -eel : fragile, genteel (文雅的)(2)表示相象,类似”-ish: boyish, childish-esque: picturesque-like : manlike, childlike-ly: manly, fatherly, scholarly_motherly_-some: troublesome, handsome-y: milky, pasty, salty, t

39、asty, rainy, cloudy, sunny, wealthy,表示充分的含义ful: beautiful, wonderful, helpful, truthful_pus: dangerous, generous, courageous, various, ambiguous, anxious, cautious, curious, famous, humorous, mountainous, nervous, obvious, poisonous, precious, previous, religious, ridiculous, serious, unconscious,-e

40、nt: violent(4)表示由某种物质形成、制成或生产-en: wooden, golden, woolen_pus: gaseousfic: scientific.(5)表示方向的含义-ern: eastern, western-ward : downward, forward(6)表示倍数”的含义-ble: double, treble-ple: triplefold : twofold, tenfold(7)表示数量关系”的含义1) 4een: thirteen2)十y: fifty_3)廿:fourth, fiftieth-(8)表示国籍、语种、宗教”等-an: Roman_, E

41、uropean-ese: Chinese-tsh: English, Spanish(9)表示比较程度”-er: greater-tsh: reddish, yellowish-est: highest-most: foremost, topmost(10)其他的含义-less 表示否定 countless, stainless, wireless, breathless, careless, endless, hopeless, regardless, stainless, tasteless, useless,.动词后缀-ize, -ise表示 做成,变成, 化”:modernize, m

42、echanize, democratize, advertise, advise, apologize, organize, practise, realize, recognize,-en 表示 使成为,弓I起,使有 :quicken, weaken, soften, harden, frighten, ripen, sharpen, strengthen,-ify表示使化,使成”:beautify, purify, intensify, signify, simplify, clarify, classify, satisfy, simplify, terrify-ate : separa

43、te, operate, indicate, accelerate, accumulate, advocate, allocate, appreciate, associate, calculate, celebrate, circulate, communicate, compensate, concentrate, congratulate, decorate, donate, educate, evaluate, graduate, hesitate, negotiate, operate, participate, relate, tolerate, translate, violate.副词后缀-ly: possibly, swiftly, simply_-ward , -wards : downward, inwards, upward(s), afterward(s), backward(s), forward, outward(s), straightforward, tow

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