讲稿公共经济学public finance-harvey rosen chapter

1、CHAPTER 15TAXATION AND EFFICIENCYExcess Burden DefinedPounds of corn per yearPounds of barley per yearE1B1C1DFACbCaB0Government levies tax on barleyiEffect of Tax on Consumption BundlePounds of corn per yearPounds of barley per yearE1B1C1DFACbCaB0E2iiiGExcess Burden of the Barley TaxPounds of corn p

2、er yearPounds of barley per yearE1B1C1DFACbCaB0E2iiiGHB3MITax RevenuesEquivalent variationQuestions and AnswersIf lump sum taxes are so efficient, why arent they widely used?Are there any results from welfare economics that would help us understand why excess burdens arise?Questions and AnswersDoes

3、an e tax entail an excess burden?Questions and AnswersPounds of corn per yearPounds of barley per yearC1DFACbCaB1 = B2E2iiiE1JB3RKIf the demand for a commodity does not change when it is taxed, does this mean that there is no excess burden?S pensated response e effect Substitution effect pensated ef

4、fect Compensated demand curveExcess Burden Measurement with Demand CurvesPounds of barley per yearPrice per pound of barleyaDbSbq1q2ihSbPb(1 + tb)PbgfdTax revenuesExcess burden of taxExcess burden = Pbq1tb2Preexisting DistortionsTheory of the Second BestDouble-dividend hypothesisExcess Burden of a S

5、ubsidyHousing services per yearPrice per unit of housing servicesmDhShh2h1uqSh(1 s)PhPhnorExcess burdenvExcess Burden of e TaxationHours per yearWage rate per hourSLL1L2ag(1 t)wwfihExcess burdendExcess burden = L1t2The Allocation of Time Between Housework and Market Work$00Hours worked inhome per ye

6、arHours worked inmarket per yearH*w1w1VMPhomeVMPmkt(1 t)VMPmktH1abecdw2(1 t)w2Excess burden = (H)tw2Does Efficient Taxation Matter?Why no excess burden budget?Is efficiency the primary objective of government policy?Does excess burden mean a tax is bad?Appendix A Formula for Excess BurdenA = * base * height = * (di) * (fd)fd = Pb = (1 + tb) * Pb Pb = tb * Pbdi = q = (q/Pb)(Pb/q)q = (q/Pb)Pbsince Pb = tb * Pbq = (q/Pb)*(tbPb) = * q * tbsince di = qA = (di)(fd) = (qtb)*(tbPb) = * * Pb * q * (tb)2Appendix B Multiple Taxes and the Theory of the Second BestGallons of gin per yearGallons