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1、中西文化习俗差异题解120例中国人在学习英语中很有必要弄清中西文化习俗上的差异。这很有利于正确理解英语 文化和正确运用英语进行交际。本文列举120例说明中西文化习俗上的差异。例题(1)andare students.You, I, heB. I, you, heC. He, you ID. You, he, I析:英语人称代词的排列语序与汉语的排列语序不同。英语人称代词的排列语序是You, he, I。把第一人称“I”放在最后,以示礼貌谦虚。故此题的正确选项勒。但英语人称代词的 复数排序同汉语一样。它们是Weyouthey。例题(2)will attend our meeting.Wang U

2、ncle B. Uncle WangC. Mr Wang D. Wang comrade析:英语中的称呼、地点、时间等排列语序与汉语的排列语序相反e.g.Mr Smith(史密斯 先生),Teacher Zhang (张老师),Room 307 (307房间)。并且英语中的地点、时间是 由小到大排列。e.g. Changan An Street Beijing China (中国北京长安街):At8oclock on the morning of Oct, lst, 1998 (1998年10月1日早上8点)。故此题的正确选项是C。例题(3)A foreigners full name is

3、John Henry Brown. We usually call him.Mr John B. Mr HenryMr Brown D. Mr John Brown析:英语中的姓名排列语序与汉语的排列语序不同。e.g.Zhou Xiaoyan (周晓艳)(Zhoufamily name, Xiaofirst name, yansecond name, Xiaoyangiven names) John Henry Brown(Johnfirst name, Henrymiddle name, John Henrygiven names, Brownfamily name)故此题的正确选项是C,

4、D。例题(4) When you leave your friends home at midnight, you had better say.Good midnight B. good eveningC. good nightD. good-bye析:外国人一般把晚上6点至10点称evening, 10点以后称night。晚上10点以后与亲友 告辞,均说good night,表示晚安的意思。故此题的正确选项是C。例题(5) When you write a letter to your father in English, you had better call,“Father”.Resp

5、ectable B. BelovedC. DearD. Loving析:用英语给长辈、同辈或晚辈写信均用Dear so and so。故此题的正确选项是C(用英 语写信,称呼之后用逗号“,”,不用冒号“:”,年、月、日写在信的右上角。)例题(6) When you write an envelope to a foreigner in English, you had better write the address of thename first oncorner.receivers, left B. writers, rightC. receivers, right D. writers

6、, left析:英文信封的写法同汉语信封的写法不一样。有以下两点注意:收信人的姓名和地址应 写在信封中央位置上。先写姓名,再写地址,通常用并列式。(每行左边开头)写信人的 姓名、地址写在信封的左上角或信封背面的口盖上,也是先写姓名,再写地址。姓名也可不 写。故此题的正确选项是D。例题(7)can have a kiss.A. Sweet-heartsB. FriendsC. Colleagues (同事)D. Husband and wife析:外国人与关系不同的人见面时吻的部位不同。只对夫妻恋人才能互相接吻,一般朋友的 吻脸;长辈对晚辈吻脑门;对女士贵夫人吻手背。(中国人见面往往是握手。)故

7、此题的正 确选项是A,D。例题(8) When you want to talk with a foreigner, you had better begin it wih.A. his name, age, salary, family B. his goingC. weatherD. current events(时事)析:外国人与别人初次面谈,不喜欢别人问起姓名、年龄、工资及家事等。他们认为这些是 个人私事(private things),不管你的事(Its none of business.)以谈论天气或时 事是对外国人开始谈话的最好话题。故此题的正确选项是C,D。例题(9) When

8、 someone is in hospital, you had better.A. do nothingB. send him a bunch of flowersC. see him very often D. do something for him析:外国人住院需要安静,不喜欢别人送礼或去看望。他们视这些是对他们病情的干扰,妨 碍他们休息和早日康复。故此题的正确选项是A。例题(10) When you are invited to dinner party at 6:00, you had better arrive at.A. 5:30 B. 6:00 C. 5:45 D. 6:10

9、析:外国人赴宴非常准点。早到晚到都是不礼貌。早到主妇要花时间招待。晚到或不能到均 要事先电话通知主人。故此题的正确选项是B。例题(11) When you have dinner at your friend s home, you had bettereatwith.little politely, sticksmuch noisily, knivesbest dishes happily, hands onlyup all the dishes without noise, forks and knives析:外国人待客很真诚。他们希望客人把桌上东西吃光,才高兴,主人才认为他们的菜做得 可

10、口。外国人无论喝汤,嚼食都不宜发出声音。碗盘不可端到嘴边。常用刀叉用餐。故此题 的正确选项是D。例题(12)When you have stayed at your guest s home for several days and want to leave, you had better.send hostess a bunch of flowerssay good-bye to all the family membersask them to visit your familysay nothing and do nothing析:外国人在客人家住上几天返程时,最重要的是要向女主人送上

11、一束鲜花,以表谢意,然 后再向其家人告辞。故此题的正确选项是A,B。例题(13)When you want to call on somebody, you had better.go quicklyprepare somethinggo there earliercall him up first and reach an agreement析:外国人来访一定要事先电话联系,经得对方同意才行。因为他们每天都有计划或安排。 故此题的正确选项是D。例题(14)When you receive something from a foreigner, you had better.A. accept

12、 itB. refuse to accept itC. return it to him D. buy something in return析:外国人送给你的礼品,一定要收下。拒收是失礼的,会误以为送者无诚意。故此题的正 确选项是A。例题(15)When you see a friend of yours,you haven t seen for years, you had better say you look.A. very oldB. much olderC. very youngD. the same as ever析:外国人最不愿别人说自己老了,不愿别人知道自己的真实年龄,喜欢听

13、到别人讲自己年 轻漂亮。故此题的正确选项是C。例题(16)On the wedding day , people send all the presents to home and the bride (新娘)is in .A. bridegrooms (新郎)redB. brides whiteC. their parents, greenD. their new, yellow析:夕卜国人崇尚白色,新娘穿白衣,所送的礼也要用白纸包好,并系以白绸带。双方的礼品 均送往新娘的家里去。故此题的正确选项是B。例题(17) There are lots of dishes on the table.

14、 They are delicious. But you sayto the foreigners. “Sorry, there arent many dishes. They are not nice.” When the foreigners hear this, they will feel.A. happy B. angry C. strange D. unhappy析:中国人请别人吃饭,分明一桌子菜,硬说没有菜,而且说菜不好吃,在中国已成习惯, 主客互相客气了事。而外国人听了会觉得奇怪,他们会认为是一种侮辱,因为既然是不好吃 的菜,为什么要请他们来吃呢?还有,菜够多了,偏要说少,岂非

15、虚伪?故此题的正确选项 是Co例题(18)When you come to your guest s home, the hostess asks you to sit down, you had better.say “thanks” and sit down quicklysay nothing and sit down quicklystand up for a whilestand talking with the hostess析:你到客人家后,主人要你坐下,你只稍答一声thank you,便可坐下。因外国做主人的 总希望客人到家能够觉得舒服。你若受拘束,会使主人不安。故此题的正确选

16、项是A。例题(19) When you call on somebody, you had better stay at his home for.A. as long as you likeB. one or two hoursC. 20 or 30 minutesD. a short while析:外国人正式的访问一般不超过二三十分钟。若主人拿茶点来吃,则可稍延长时间,但不 得超过一小时,以免使主人感到讨厌。故此题的正确选项是Co例题(20) When you want to go to W.C at your guests homeyou had better stand up and

17、say “” or where the W.C is “I dont know it”Excuse me, “where the W.C is”Excuse me, rub your hands(搓 搓手)Excuse me, “something wrong with me”析:外国人对厕所一词是决不启齿的,故往往用代名词。(Ladies , Gentlemens rest room, toilet, Lavatory and so on.)遇到必要上厕所时,站起身来,说一声Excuse me,或搓 搓手,表示想去厕所的样子。女主人会意,就会指示你的途径。从厕所出来,不需说sorry, 悄悄

18、地回原处做事就是了。故此题的正确选项是C。例题(21)The foreigners usually ask the guests to have dinner at .A. homeB. a shopC. a restaurantD. a dining room析:外国人除非家里有病人或其他重大原因,是不在馆子里请客的。他们均在自己家请客吃 饭,以便大家畅谈。故此题的正确选项是A。例题(22) The foreigners usually let do something first.A. the old B. the young C. the sick D. the ladies析:外国有句

19、名言,女士优先(Ladies first)。但下楼、下车、下船、下飞机时,Gentlemen first,以保护女士的安全。故此题的正确选项是D。例题(23)is the happiest festival (节日)for the Westerners every year.A. Thanks Giving(感恩节)B. Easter (复活节)C. ChristmasD. New Years Day析:西方人一年中最热闹的节日是圣诞节,因在圣诞节他们可以在教堂领到奖品,举行圣诞晚会等。而元旦却很少有人庆祝。故此题的正确选项是C。例题(24)Foreigners usually shake h

20、ands with each other for for.at most half a minute, the first timea long time, every timeat least one minute, the first two timesa few seconds, several times析:外国人通常是在第一次见面相互握手。在平辈中,先伸手为有礼。长辈、上级、女士握 手应先伸手为有礼。握手太猛或时间过久均是不好的。一般在20秒或半分钟就足够了。故 此题的正确选项是A。例题(25)like to move from place to place very often.B

21、ritish people B. AmericansC. All the westerners D. All the white people析:据报道,美国每三年在五户人家中就有一户要搬迁。美国人常出生在一个地方,上学在 另一地方,工作又在别的地方。美国人常常搬迁主要是因工资收入,天气气候等原因。故此 题的正确选项是B。例题(26)Foreigners usually have between 5 and 6 in the afternoon.last lunch B. early supperC. afternoon tea D. high tea析:一些西方人没有吃中餐,习惯饮午茶。在正

22、式茶点(high tea)中配有肉食冷盆。故此 题的正确选项是C。例题(27)students usually find a ob to do in order to get money for their collegetuition.All the foreign, full-timeBritish, full-timeAmerican, part-timeAll the foreign, part-time析:绝大部分美国大学生在校期间均找一份临时工作做,他们边学习,边打工赚钱做学费, 不愿向家里要钱。故此题的正确选项是C。例题(28)Foreign gentlemen never we

23、ar at home.a hat or a cap B. a ring or a watchC. working clothes D. gloves(手套)and glasses析:西方男士在家里不带帽子,并无论在什么地方就餐,也不戴帽子。故此题的正确选项是A。例题(29)The British weather is.very hot B. very coldC. warm D. changeable析:据报道,一个英国人在一天中可经历四季天气,在一天中时冷时热时雨时凉时暖。There is a saying in Britain, “ Other countries have a clima

24、te. In England we have weather.” 英国天气 是多变的。故此题的正确选项是D。例题(30)The young couple (年轻夫妇)usually have their wedding at and celebrate theirwedding day.home, every two yearsrestaurant, every 10 yearschurch, every yeara club (俱乐部)every 11 years析:西方人一般均在教堂举行婚礼。每年都得庆祝他们的结婚纪念日。结婚25年为银婚, 50年为金婚。60或75年为钻石婚。故此题的正确

25、选项是C。例U题 31: The desk in offices are from each other.Chinese; far B. Chinese closeC. American far D. American close析:(英美人比较注重个人“领地”不爱他人干扰。因此,他们办公室里的办公桌,一张张相 隔较远,或用档板隔开。中国人的办公桌喜欢摆放在一起或较近,便于交谈或商量工作。故 此题的正确选项为B、C)。例题 32: In ,the guest shouldjacket or coat(外卜套)when he (she)arrives at the hosthome on a c

26、old day.A. America, wear B. Britain, take offC. America, take off D. China, take off析:(在英美国家,客人进入主人家,应脱掉外套以示礼貌,给人一种“宾至如归”的感觉。在中国则没有这样的礼节。故此题的正确选项为B、C。)例U题 33:teachers can sit on the desk having their teaching work.A. BritishB. ChineseC. AmericanD. Japanese析:(美国教师坐在讲台上讲课,是为了减少课堂的紧张气氛,缩小师生之间的距离,是一 种不拘

27、礼节的表示。故此题正确选项为C。)例题 34: Gentrally, people likefamily.A. Chinese, nuclear B. British, nuclearC. American, extended D. American, nuclear析:(美国人喜欢一对夫妇加上儿女两代人组成的核心家庭住在一起,不喜欢三代或四代同 堂的延俚家庭住在一起。故此题的正确选项为D。)例题 35:old people usually feel .A. British, lonely B. Chinese, lonelyRussian, lonely D. American, lonel

28、y析:(美国有句名言:儿童的天堂,青年人的战场,老年人的墓场。故此题的正确的选项为D。)例题 36: Compared with each other, people are more hospitable.A. AmericanB. BritishC. ChineseD. American and British析:(相比之下,美国更好客,他们同你攀谈熟悉后,可留你住宿或上餐馆吃饭。这种情况 在其它国家较少见。故此题的正确选项为A。)例题 37:people usually have of cards, like business cards and private,communicativ

29、e cards.American, two kindsChinese, two kindsBritish, two kindsAmerican, British, Chinese, One kind析:(英美人往往有两种名片:一种是商用名片,另一种私人交际名片。中国人则没有这样 讲究。故此题的正确选项为A、C)。例题 38: Chinese people like to say Have you eaten? when they meet. This shows they have enough to eat before liberation. British people like to

30、say: Nice day, isnt it? yes, isnt. it when they meet. This shows the British. weather is.A. didnt , fine B. didnt, changeableC, did, fine D. did, changeable析:(中国人见面喜欢问“你吃过饭没有? ”因为解放前,中国人常没饭吃,所以,见面问吃 了没有”以示关心;英国人见面喜欢谈论天气,因为英国一天如四季,天气变化异常,所 以他们见面谈天气已习以为常。故此题的正确选项为B。)例题 39: The top secret for British a

31、nd American people is personal .A. ageB. marriageC. income and expense D. housing and food析:(英美人的最大忌讳是个人的收入与开支。同在一个办公室工作的同事,互不打听别人 的工薪,因为老板给每个人的钱是分别对待的。甚至连夫妻之间的收支情况也不是一清二楚 的。中国人相互之间喜欢谈论收支情况。故此题的正确选项为C。)is例U题 40:The first dish for American and British people is .B. fishD. potato and tomatoA. soupC. m

32、eatpeople like to eat the animals hearts.B. AmericanD. All of the析:(英美人的餐桌上第一道菜往往是汤。中国往往是最后一道菜上汤。故此题的正确赞项 为A。) 例题41:A. ChineseC. British析:(动物内脏在中国是抢手食物,但英美人是不吃动物内脏的,他们往往把动物内脏给小 猫小狗吃。故此题的正确赞项为A。)例题 42:people usually use common knife and fork on the table when they have meals.A. Chinese B. British and

33、 AmericanC. No Chinese D. No British and American析:(英美人不管平时一家人用餐,还是请客人用餐,均使用公勺添菜。中国的餐桌上尚未 完全这样。故此题的正确选项为B。)例题 43: When you send some expensive presents to American and British people,they receive them.silentlywithout doing and saying anythingand take them away in silenceand sing high praise for them

34、 in the face of the sender析:(英美人收到贵重礼品时,除说“谢谢外”,还要当着送者的面欣赏赞扬一番,中国人收 礼的方式则不同。故此题的正确选项为D。)例题 44: The American and British people are tired of No. .A.8B.4C.5D.13析:(英美人最忌讳数词13。这就像中国人不喜欢5号一样。故此题的正确选项为D。) 例题 45: The British and American peoplehave a habit of having aafter lunch.A. do, sleep B. do, napC. d

35、ont, sleep D. dont, nap析:(英美人一般没午睡的习惯,中国绝大多数人需要午睡。故此题的正确选项为D。)例U题 46: Waitresses and waiters in usually receive tips (service charge) at shops or restaurants.A. ChinaB. BritainC. AmericaD. all the three countries析:(英美国家的餐厅,商店服务员收小费。这成为他们的主要收入来源。这在中国较少见。 故此题的正确选项为B、C)。例题 47 : China has a -year duty e

36、ducation (义务教育) while the most western countries have -year duty education.A. nine, nine B nine, twelveC twelve, twelve D twelve, nine析:中国目前实行的是九年制义务教育。西方大部分国家实行的是十二年制义务教育。故此 题的正确选项是B。例U题 48: During the duty education , students inpay for.China, no moneyChina, tuitionmost western countries , no mone

37、ymost western countries, tuition析:中国义务教育阶段的学生仍需交纳学费。在西方大部分国家义务教育阶段的学生不需向 学校交费,一切由政府支付。故此题的正确选项是B、C。例 题 49: The investment (投资) in Chinese dutyeducation is about percent of national economic income while that in most west ern countries is about percent of national economic income.A. 4,20 B. 10,3C. 20

38、,40 D. 4 ,40析:据2000年有关资料统计,中国政府用于义务教育阶段的投资占整个的国民经济收入4%。 西方大部分国家用于义务教育阶段的投资占整个国民经济收入20%。故此题的正确选项是 A。例U 题 50 : In chinas schools, each class usually has aboutstudents,In the schools in most western countries, each class usually has aboutstudents.A 20, 20B 50,50C 20,50D 50,20析:中国的中小学一般是大班上课,每班50个学生左右。西

39、方大部分国家的中小学一般是 小班上课。每班大约20个学生。故此题的正确选项是D。例题 51: The Chinese schools usually have teaching buildings of about storeys. The schools in most western countries usually have teaching buildings of about stories.A 5,4B 3,5C 4,2D 5,5析:中国中小学的教学楼高而华丽,往往有4-5层。西方大部分国家的中小学教学楼以2-3 层为多见。故此题的正确选项是C。例题The Chinese sch

40、ool studentsusually feelin52 class .The school students inmost western countries feelA free, relaxedB serious and nervous , relaxedin class.and freeCfree,seriousD relaxed, nervous析:中国中小学教师在课堂上严肃认真,因而学生在课堂上感到严肃紧张。西方大部分中小 学教师在课堂很随意,因而学生在课堂轻松自如。故此题的正确选项是B。例题53:The desks in Chinese school classrooms are

41、 put inin good order.While those in the schools in most western countries are put in a.A circle, lines and rowsB lines and rows, circleC horse shoe (马蹄式),modular (和模式)D lines and rows, horse shoe or modular析:中国学校的课桌往往是传统式的摆放横竖行摆放整齐。西方大部分国家学校的课桌往 往摆成圆形,便于师生随意交谈。故此题的正确选项是B。例 题 54: The text books in Ch

42、inese schools are difficult those in the schools in most western countries.A more, than B less, thanC the same, as D much, as析:中国学校的教材旧、难、深,比西方大部分国家学校的教材难。故此题的正确选项是 A。例U题 55: The Chinese schools pay more attention towhile schools in mostwestern countries are more careful with .A thinking, making, cr

43、eating; memorizingB memorizing ; memorizingC thinking, making ; creating, thinking.D memorizing, thinking, making, creating析:中国的中小学教育到目前为止尚未完全摆脱重记忆,轻思维,制作、创造的教育方法。故此题的正确选项是D。例题 56: The school teaching method in the western countries is .discussing, talking, arguingteaching, copyingteaching, listenin

44、gteaching, listening, copying析:中国中小学的教学方法尚未完全摆脱教师讲、学生听、学生作笔记的传统教法。西方大 部分国家中小学的教学方法是讨论,自由会话、争论等。故此题的正确选项是A。例U题 57:have country-wide teaching outline (standard)on each subject for elemental education .A China doesnt B China doesC Most western countries dontD All countries do.析:中国有全国性的基础教育各学科教学大纲,而西方大部

45、分国家则没有。故此题的正确选 项是B、C。例题 58: There are no fences between schools in .A.B.C.D.Chinamost western countriesall countriesall the western countries析:中国的绝大部分学校均有高而坚固的围墙。但西方大部分国家的中小学在学校之间没有 围墙。故此题的正确选项是B。 例题 Some Chinese school students have n countries.A most, than B less, than C the same, as D much, as 析:中国学校的学生尚未真正解决高分低能的问题。因此中国一些中小学生的创造能力仍 暂逊色于西方一些国家的学生。故此题的正确选项是B。例 题 60:Th

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