英语中常用介词in、on、at、to的用法口诀

1、v1.0可编辑可修改v1.0可编辑可修改10优优在线:优优地址：文化大厦 10优优在线:优优地址：文化大厦 A座2914优优电话：0 英语中常用介词in、on、at、to的用法区别介词是英语用词中的一大项，涉及面较广且用法也较灵活，所以记起来很是麻烦，下面我把一些习惯用的介词作了一个小节，供以参考。早、午、晚要用in , at黎明、午夜、点与分。年、月、年月、季节、周，阳光、灯、影、衣、冒in。将来日态in.以后，小处at大处in。有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料 in。特征、方面与方式，心情成语惯用in。介，sj at和to表方向，攻击、位置、恶、善分。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早、

2、午、晚，收音、农场、值日on,关于、基础、靠、著论。着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付、相反，准。特定时日和“一就”， on后常接动名词。年、月、日加早、午、晚， of之前on代in。步行、驴、马、玩笑 on, cab, carriage 则用in。at山脚、门口、在当前，速、温、日落、价、核心。如大体掌握上面介词用法口诀，就不易出错。当然，至于介词的详尽用法， 同形词又是连词及副词等内容此篇不讲。下面对该口诀分别举例帮助你理解消化。早、午、晚要用inin the evening 在晚上in the day 在白天例：in the afternoon 在下午in the morning 在早

3、上at黎明、午、夜、点与分例at dawn at daybreak 在黎明时候at night 在夜间at noon 在中午at midnight 在午夜以上短语都不用冠词at nine oclock 在 9 点钟at 8 : 30 seven thirty 在 8 点半at half past ten 在 10 点半at nine fifteen 在 9 点 15 分at ten thirty .在上午 10 点 30 分也可以写成seven to five 5 点差7分半小时以上five minutes after two 2 点过 5 分at the weekend 在周末at a qu

4、arter to two 1 点 45 分年、月、年月、季节、周in 。即在“来年”，在“某月”，在“某年某月”但在某年某月某日则用on in 。例：in 1989 在 1989 年in 1927 在 1927 年in March 在三月in April 在四月in December 1986 在 1986 年 12 月in July l984 在 1984 年 7 月in the first week of this semester这学期的第一周in the third week在第三周in spring 在春季 in summer 在夏季in autumn 在秋季 in winter 在

5、冬季阳光、灯、影、衣、冒inin 。in 。例：Dont write in dim light.切勿在暗淡的灯光下写字。They are reviewing their lessons in thebright light.他们在明亮的灯光下复习功课。They are playing in the shade of a tree.他们坐在树阴下玩耍。a prisoner in irons带着镣铐的囚犯He went in the rain to meet me at thestation.他冒雨到车站去接我。The poor in rags in old society.旧社会穷人们衣衫褴褛.

6、以及：in the bright sunlight在明亮的阳光下a merchant in disguise乔装的商人the woman in white black red yellow穿着白黑、红、黄 色衣服的妇女in uniform穿着制服in mourning穿着丧服in red shoes 穿着红色鞋in his shirt sleeves穿着衬衫将来日态in.以后例 They will come back in 10 days.他们将10天以后回来。Ill come round in a day or two.我一两天就回来。Well be back in no time.我们一会

7、儿就回来。Come and see me in three days time.三天后来看我。从现在开始after.从过去开始小处at大处in李和我平安地到达黑山例：Li and I arrived at Heishan county safe and sound all is well. Dont worry.李和我平安地到达黑山县，一切很好，勿念。I live in a great city big city my sister lives at a small town while my parents live at a village.住在大城市，我姐姐住在一个小城镇，而我的父母则住

8、在农村。Im in Liaoning at Ashcan.我住在辽宁省鞍山市 .有形with无形by,语言、单位、材料in例：The workers are paving a road with stone.工人们正用石子铺路。有形The teacher is correcting the paper with a new pen.这位教师正用支新笔批改论文。有形 Taking Tiger Mountain by Strategy is a good opera.智取威虎山是一出好戏。无形The product is separated by distillation into gasolin

9、e and gas oil.这种产品是用蒸储分离出气油和粗柴油。表示方式、手段、方法，无形I really cant express my idea in English freely indeed.我确实不能用英语流利地表达我的思想。表示某种语言用inI wrote a novel in Russian.我用俄语写了一本小说。同上The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system.公里是米制中最长的长度单位。表示度、量、衡单位的用inThe length is measured in meter kilometer

10、 and centimeter.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。同上This board was cast in bronze not in silver .这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是银制的。特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in特征或状态:例 They found the patient in a coma.他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。The Democratic Party was then in power.那时民主党执政。He has not been in good health for some years.他几年来身体一直不好。Many who came in despair we

11、nt away in hope.许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。The kilometer is the biggest unit of length in the metric system.公里是米制中最长的长度单位。表示度、量、衡单位的用inThe length is measured in meter kilometer and centimeter.长度是以米、公里、厘米为单位来计算的。同上This board was cast in bronze not in silver .这个牌匾是铜铸的，不是银制的。特征、方面与方式、心情、成语惯用in特征或状态:例 They fou

12、nd the patient in a coma.他们发现病人处于昏迷状态。The Democratic Party was then in power.那时民主党执政。He has not been in good health for some years.他几年来身体一直不好。Many who came in despair went away in hope.许多人带着绝望情绪而来，却满怀希望而去。The house was in ruins.这房屋成了废墟。The poor girl was in tears.这个可怜的女孩泪流满面。Her clothes were in rags.

13、她的衣跟穿破了。His shoes were in holes.他的鞋穿出窟窿了。I only said it in fun.我说这话只是开玩笑的。She spoke in grief rather than in anger.与其说她讲得很气愤，不如说她讲得很伤心。还有一些短语也用in ,如:in jest诙谐地，in joke 开玩笑地，in fairness 公正地，in spite恶意地，in revenge 报复 in mercy 宽 大，in sorrow 伤心地等。His mind was in great confusion.他月百子里很舌 L。Today everybody

14、is in high spirits and no one is in low ebb.今天大家都兴高采烈, 没有个情绪彳氐落的。She and her classmates are in flower ages.她和她的同学都正值妙龄。The campaign was in full swing. 运动正值高潮中。方面：例：we accepted the item in principle.我们在原则上接受了这个条款。The backward area has achieved self-sufficient in grain.这个落后的地区在粮食方面已能自给。A good teacher

15、must be an example in study.一个好的教师必须是学习的模范。They are never backward in giving their views.他们从来不怕发表自己的意见。方式：党一贯以爱国主义例：All the speeches were taken down in shorthand.所有报告者B用速记记录下来了。党一贯以爱国主义The Party has always educated us in the spirit of patriotism and internationalism.和国际主义精神教育我们。如下成语惯用in例：in all 总计in

16、 advance 事前in addition to 除 以外in the meantime与此同时in place 适当地in hopes of 或 in the hope of 怀着 希望in connection with 和 有关in contact with 和联系in case of 倘若，万一in conflict with 和 冲突in force有效的，大批in depth彻底地in regard to 关于in the neighborhood of 大约、邻近in retrospect 回顾，一想起in alarm 惊慌、担心in behalf of代表 利益in the

17、least一点，丝毫in the opinion of 据 见解in the long run 从长远说来in ones opinion 在 看来in a word 总之in word口头上in vain无益地白白地in case 如果，万一，以防in detail 详细地in haste急急忙忙地in conclusion 总之in spite of 尽管in other words. 换句话说in love 恋爱中in debt 负债in fun jest 、joke 玩笑地in hesitation犹豫不决in wonder 在惊奇中in return 作为回报in the name o

18、f 以 名义be confident in 有信心、be interested in 感兴趣in doubt 怀疑in public secret公开他秘密地in a good humor 心情情绪好介，sj at、to表方向，攻击、位置、善、恶、分to表示方向时，突出运介，sj at和to都可以表示方向。用 atto表示方向时，突出运动的位置或动作的对象，侧重表示善意。试比较下列各句：A. She came at me.她向我扑过来。B. She came to me.她向我走过来。A. Jake ran at John.杰克向约翰扑过去。Jake ran to John.杰克朝约翰跑去。A

19、. He rushed at the woman with a sword.他拿着剑向那妇女扑过去。B. He rushed to the woman with a sword.他带着剑向那妇女跑过去。A. She shouted at the old man.她大声喝斥那老人。B. He shouted to the old man.他大声向那老人说A. I heard her muttering at Xiao Li.我听见她在抱怨小李。B. I heard her muttering to Xiao Li.我听见她在同小李低声说话。A. He talked at you just now

20、.他刚才还说你坏话呢。B. She talked to you just now.她刚才还同你谈话呢.。A. She threw a bone at the dog.她用一块骨头砸狗。She threw a bone to the dog.她把一块骨头扔给狗吃。8. A. He presented a pistol at me.他用手枪对着我。B. He presented a pistol to me.他赠送我一支手枪。日子、日期、年月日，星期加上早午晚以下皆用on例 on October the first 1949 1949 年 10 月 1 日on February the thirt

21、eenth l893 1893年 2 月13日on May the first 5 月 1 日on the sixteenth 16 号on the first 1 号on the second of January 或on January the second 1 月 2 日on a summer evening在夏天的个夜晚on Boxing Day 在节礼日圣诞节次日on New Years Day 在元旦on my birthday 在我的生日但 in the Christmas holidays在圣诞节假期 in the eighteenth century在十八世纪 in anci

22、ent times 在古代 in earlier times 在早期 in modern times在现代，贝U用 in , the present time 现在，at the present day当今则用at。on May Day 在五 一节on winter day 在冬天on December 12th 1950 l950 年 12 月 12 日on Monday在星期一on Sunday 在星期天on Tuesday morning 星期二早晨on Saturday afternoon星期六下午on Friday evening 星期五晚上但last night 昨夜；in the

23、 evening 在晚上on time 准时，in time 及时，等则不同。年月日，加早午晚，of之前on代in例：on the morning of 18th 18 日早晨on the evening of 4th 4 日 晚上On the eve of their departure they gave a farewell banquet and their head gave a farewell speech.他们在临行前夕举行了一次告别宴会，他们的团长发表了告别讲话。收音、农场，值日on例： Did your supervisor like the story over or o

24、n the radio last night您的导师喜欢昨天从收音机里听到的故事吗I heard the news over or on the radio.我从收音机里听到了这一条消息。talk over the radio 由无线电播音on TV从电视里Hear something on the wireless在无线电里听到My brother works on an Army reclamation farm.我哥哥在一个军垦农场工作。The students are working on a school farm.学生们正在校办农场劳动。This is a farmers hous

25、e on a farm.这是农场的农舍。Who is on duty today今天谁值日We go on duty at 8 a.m.我们上午8点钟上班。关于、基础、靠、著论例 This afternoon we are going to listen to a report on the international situation.今天下午我们要听关于国际形势的报告。Professor Shen will give us a talk on traveling in America.沈教授将给我们做关于美国之行的报告。You are wrong on all these issues.

26、在这些问题上你的看法都错了。The belief is based on practical experience.这种信念是以实际经验为基础的。Theory must be based on practice.理论必须以实践为基础。The people in the south live on rice.南方人主食大米。靠The citizens live on their salaries.城市人靠薪金生活。You cant afford luxuries on an income of 100 Yuan a month.靠月薪 100 元的收入，你是买不起奢侈品的。Her pet dog

27、s were fed on the choicest food.她用精饲料喂养她心爱的狗。He is just a scrounger who lives on other people.他正是个小偷,专靠损害另1J人过日子。Keep the kettle on the boil =boiling .让水壶的水一直开着。The enemy are on the run =running .敌人在逃跑。on后接the加上一个作名词的动词.其意义与现在分词所表达的相近。类似例子很多如：on the march 在行军中， on the mend 在好转中， on the prowl 徘徊，on t

28、he move 活动中， on the scrounge 巧 取豪夺埋语 ，on the go 活跃，忙碌，on the lookout 注意，警戒，on the watch 监视着。on the hop 趁不备抓 住某人等等。on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship实践论和矛盾论on the Peoples Democratic Dictatorship论人民民主专政 on Coalition Government 论联合政府着、罢、出售、偷、公、假，故意、支付，相反、准注：口诀中的着指着火，罢指罢工，偷指偷偷地，公指出差、办公事；假指休假，准指准时。例：

29、The house next to mine was on fire.我邻居的房子着火了。The workers of the railway station were on strike.铁路工人罢工了。Grapes and big water melons from Sin kiang are on sale on a large sale.新疆葡萄和西瓜大量上市了。do something on the sly quiet .秘密地暗地里，偷偷地做某事。Ive come here on business.我是有公事来的。They went to Bern on a mission.他们到

30、伯尔尼去执行一项使命。They has been away on a long trip.他们出去做一次长途旅行。Ill go home on leave next month.下月我将休假回家。I went on business to Shanghai. I did not take leave.我是公出去上海的，不是不告面别。She came to see you on purpose.她是专程来看你的。He came here on purpose to discuss it with you.他至U这来是要与你讨论这件事的。This lunch is on me. No. lets

31、go Dutch. “这顿午饭我付钱。”“不，还是各付各的”On the contrary it was very easy to understand.相反， 这事儿很容易理解。Please come on time. on schedule .请准时来。注：in time 是及时的意思。The train arrived on schedule.火车准时到达。特定时间和“一就”，左右on后动名词例：Gases expand on heating and contract on cooling.气体加热时膨胀，冷却时收缩。特定时间On entering the room he found h

32、is friends dancing in high spirits.进屋，他就发现他的朋友们在愉快地跳舞。On reaching the city he called up Lao Yang.一到城里他就给老杨打了一个电话。Ill write to him on hearing from you.我接到你的来信就给他写信。一 就以及on the left right 向左向右，on the stair在台阶上等。步行、驴、马、玩笑 on, cab, carriage 用in例：On foot步行on horse 骑马on donkey 骑驴。He rode on blood flowing

33、from his side.他骑着马，鲜血从腰部流下来。The soldier of the Eighth Route Army rode 100 li on a horse a day in order to catch up with his unit.为赶上部队，那位八路军战士骑马日行百里。Go on horse back 骑马去!You are having me on你和我开玩笑呢in cab 和 in carriage 不能用 on 或 by cab 或 carriage 。at山脚、门口在当前，速、温、日落价核心即在山脚下、在门口、在目前，速度、以 速率、温度、在日落时、在 核心要用at。例： At the foot of the mountain there arethirty of our comrades.在山脚下，有我们30个同志。There is a beautiful lake at the foot of the hill.山脚下有一