英语音标基础学习及练习

1、英语音标学习认识几个定义：1、音素 英语语音中最小的发音单位。2、元音 发音时气流在通路上不受发音器官的阻碍。3、辅音发音时气流在通路上受到发音器官的阻碍。4、音节说话时最小的语音片段。一个可以为单个元音（如 I/a?/）,或者一个元音加上一个或多个辅音（如tree /tri:/）。单词可以根据音节数量分为：单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。5、开音节以读音为元音的字母结尾的音节，即辅音 十元音（如me, he等）；或以不发音字母 e 结尾（如 name, come等）。6、闭音节 以一个或几个辅音字母结尾且中间只有一个元音，即元音+辅音（如it, pen, pick 等）。7、重读 在双音节或多

2、音节单词中，有个音节必须读得特别强而重，而其它音 节读得相对弱而轻，这种现象就叫单词重读。用符号”表示。8、清音和浊音（辅音）发音时声带不振动叫清辅音；声带振动叫浊辅音。音标基础学习一、英语共有48个音素，元音20个，辅音28个、 、_兀首长短：/i:/?/ /?:/ / ?/ /?:/ / ?/ /U:/?/大小：/e/ ?/ /a/ / ?/I 组：/e?/ /a ?/ / ?7U 组：/?/a ?/?组：/?/e ?/ / ?/清辅音 /p/ /t/ /k/f/9 / /s/ /?/ /t ?/ /tr/ /ts/ /h/浊辅音 /b/d/g/v/e/ /z/?/ /d ?/ /dr/

3、/dz/ /r/ /m/n/ /?/ 17/w/j/注：s与辅音元音里的爆破音结合时，通常是清辅音被浊化,/p/ /t/ /k/它们浊化后，分别发成：/b/ /d/ /g/26个字母在单词中的具体发音eo/ei/ name able cake table take date/?/ apple cat map am match matter sad and angry/ a / dance last pass plant/?/ want what watch wash/?/ a arrive along alike aloud/i:/ he she me evening meter/e/ ele

4、phant egg bed pen best get empty February next then send/i/ enjoy English eleven because forest/ai / fine bike five ice climber hiking kind/i/ is sit miss pig picture interesting 川 dinner him listen pick river/?u / old home nose coke tomato tofu over hold piano/?/ dog not clock box robot on from for

5、est often stop/?/ son month mother love young/u:/ who do whoseu/ju: / use usually excuse menu/?/bus us sun duck uncle up trunk funny must/ u / put pull helpfulb /b/ book big bag boxc/k/ clean climb cup clock cook collect curtain clothes/s/face nice pencil city cinemad /d/ desk doll dog dad day don t

6、 dish does deepf /f/ fine friend fly foot fan fall fight favourite fruit funnyg/ / gun glass glad go get/d? / age orange villageh /h/ hat her house honey happy have heavier hurt hobby hospital j/ d?/ jeep jacket jump Jan. July Junek /k/ kite cake thank kangaroo speak take walk work lake likel/l/ leg

7、 left ruler flag lamp longer relax play/l/ apple bowl tell old tail whalem /m/ am map my mouth milk n 1./n/ no know new hand/?/ thank think thing uncle swingp /p/ map jeep pig pen apple plant play potato please policeman q /kw/ quite quilt quickr/r/ red radio brother rain read run rabbit write mirro

8、r librarys/s/ sit miss this salty books spring swim sleep sometimes grass/z/ nose those rose rulers seasont /t/ it sit not that table little tired take left fruit but plantv /v/ five very seven village livew/w/we window watch want wait water Wednesday winter withx/ks/box six fox relaxy/ai /my fly wh

9、y bye/ j / yes yellow young yesterday/ i /happy baby very windy snowy studyz / z / zoo zero三、常见字母组合（一）元音组合ai /ei/ wait paintay /ei/ may play day sayair / & /air hair chairal /?: / tall small ballar / a : farther farm car armea /i:/ meat please tea read /e/ head bread ready/i?/ theaterear / i? / ear

10、hear near/ / bear/?:/ earthee /i:/ meet see bee feet jeepeir / s/?their er /?/ worker teacher /?:/ herere /i? here / &/Where thereew /ju: / new few /u: / flew grewight /ai / right high brightir/? / bird girl shirt thirtyoa/?u/ boat coatong /o?/ long songoo /u/ book foot good /u:/ moon balloonor /?：/

11、 short fork port /?: / word world workoor / ?:/ door floorore / ?：/ more store soreou /au/ out house mouthour/?:/ four your /auZ ourow /?u/ bowl window /au/ now cow floweroy/oi/ boy toyur/?: / turn（二）辅音组合th / 0 thank mouth / 8thi s that withtr /tr/ tree train truckdr/dr/ dress driversh/? shirt wash

12、shortch/t/ child chair catch / k / school Christmas / d 3 sandwichtw/tw/ two twin twentywh /w/ white wheel what /h/ who whose whomts /ts/ jackets kitesds /dz/ birds friends（三）特殊组合tion / question nation四、单词重音（word stress ）英语单词分为单音节词，双音节词和多音节词。含有一个元音音素的字母组合叫做一个音节，由一个音节构成的词叫做单音节词，如 bedb ?d, dadd? d.由两个

13、音节构成的词叫 双音节词，如funny f ?n? , famous fem ?s由两个以上音节构成的单词叫 多音节词，如delicious d ?l ?s英语单词如果有一个以上的音节则有重读音节和非重读音节，由符号“”表示,如about ?baut。有的多音节词有两个重音，一个是主重音，一个是次重音，或两个都是主 重音，次重音用符号，”表示，标在次重音的左下方。如 anybody ?n?,b a d?|双音节的重 音一般落在第一个音节上，多音节的重音通常为倒数第三个音节，如documentary ,d a kj?m?nt?r? , grandfather gr? nd,f ae?。四.句子重

14、音（sentence stress ）一个句子中，实词（名词，实义动词，数词，形容词，副词等）重读；虚词（冠词, 介词）不重读。英语音标练习题、口语练习（一）读出下列单词：/i:/ /i/ /e/ /?/bit/wi:k/ /di:l/ri ?l/kid/dig/kwik/tip/zip/rid/wil/bitweekdealrealkiddigquicktipzipridwill/p?k/ /g?p/ /tr? ?/ /n?g/ /r?m/ /b?tl/ /sed/ / h?pi/setl/ /di pend/ pack gap trash nag ram battle said happy

15、 settle depend/a:/ / ?:/ / ? / /u:/ /u/ma:sk/ /pa:st/ /fra:ns/ /st?:m/ mask past France storm / ?t/ /pr?mis/ /lu:s/ /tuk/n?:t/ /f?ks/ /s?k/ /fa:/ /la:d? / /ma:k/naught fox sock farlarge mark/mud/ / 0 ru:/ /pul/ /wud/thought promise loose took mood through pull wood/s?:f/ :t?/ beg?/t?k/?/ /? /?/d?l/

16、?ri/ /g?lf/ / ?tol/?:n/dull hurry gulf trouble earn surf turner begger tuck /k?:b/ /?:k/ /? merik /?k?/ / k?mp?/s? vei/ /p? veid/p? h?ps/curb irk America soccer camper survey pervade perhaps/ei/ /?u/ /ai/ /au/ /?i/keip/ /greit/ /mein/ /pr?p?uz/ / m?n/st?un/ / uv?/ /sait/m?ist/ / ?ist?/kape great mai

17、n propose motion stone over sight /raim/ /daut/ / taipist/ /aust/rhyme doubt typist/i?/ /? /u7oust moist oyster/vi?/?/ /d?/ /sk?/bu?n/ /gu?d/veer affair darescare bourngourd/ rr?l/ /? pi? /k?l?mbi?/rural appear Colombia/& /e/m?n 9 / / 9 i:f/ /e?t/e?n/fei 8 / /t? gee? / 9 ?k/e?m selvz/month thief tha

18、tthan faith together thankthemselves（二）、绕口令:A tidy tiger tied a tie tighter to tidy her tiny tail.A mad man says that Amanda has captured a fat panda.If you notice this notice, you will notice that this notice is not worth noticing.A big black bug bit a big black bear, made the big black bear bleed

19、blood.If two witches watched two watches, which witch would watch which watch? Which wristwatch is a Swiss wristwatch?She sells sea shells on the seashore. The seashellsshe sells are seashells she is sure.二、笔头练习：（一）.找出画线部分读音不同的单词()1. A. teaB. meatC. weatherD. beach()2. A. backB. fastC. haveD. map()3. A. warmB. gardenC. marketD. party()4. A. schoolB. toothC. chooseD.good()5. A. JuneB. rulerC. putD