简单句并列句复合句

1、句子结构和成分句子分类句子按结构可分为简单句、并列句和复合句。考点1.简单句只有一个主语（或并列主语）和一个谓语（或并列谓语）。如：He often reads English in the morning.Tom and Mike are American boys.She likes drawing and often draws pictures for the wall newspapers.（画线部分为并列谓语，只有一个主语，仍为简单句。）改错：It not only costs little money but also comfortable.考点2.并列句改错：. He lik

2、es English, his English is very good.x. His wife was ill, he had to stay at home.x当一个句子中含有两个简单句时，就要考虑两个简单句的连接问题了。直接用逗号连接两个简单句是错误的这时我们可以用and, but, or 等并列连词来连接这两个句子；也可以用分号（； 来连接。此时，这两个简单句（此时也可称作 分句）之间是并列关系，不能说一个分句 作了另一个分句的什么成分。用并列连词或分号连接起来的句子是并列句。上两句可以改为：用分号连接）. He likes English ； his English is very

3、good.(.He likes English,so/and his English is very good. His wife was ill ; he had to stay at home.(用分号连接).His wife was ill,so/and he had to stay at home.考点3.复合句A.用从属连词连接的句子是复合句。还先看上面的两个错句：. He likes English, his English is very good.x. His wife was ill, he had to stay at home.x我们还可以用从属连词来连接。这两句话可改为

4、：. Because he likes English, his English is very good.Whenhe likes English, his English is very good.Because his wife was ill, he had to stay at home.Whenhis wife was ill, he had to stay at home.先看第一个句子。当用because连接时，译为“因为他喜欢英语，（所以）他的英 语非常好”。主要说的是“他的英语非常好”，“他喜欢英语”是他英语好的原因。因 止匕： “his English is very g

5、ood ”是主句， “because he likes English ” 是原因状 语从句。当用when连接时，译为“当他喜欢英语时，他的英语非常好”。主要说的是“他的英语非常好”，“他喜欢英语”是他英语好的时间。因此，“ his English is very good”是主句，“when he likes English ” 是时间状语从句。同理，句修改后，前面分别为原因状语从句和时间状语从句，后面是主句。像上面这样，用从属连词连接两个简单句之后，一个句子是主要的（主句），另外 一个句子（从句）是说明主要句子发生的时间、原因、条件等，这样构成的句子称为复合句。B.当简单句的一个成分从词或

6、词组变为句子时，整个句子就成为复合句了。从词或词组 升级后的句子是从句，除从句以外的是主句，整个句子是复合句。The boy over there is my brother.（只有一个主谓结构，是简单句。） The boy who is wearing a hat is my brother.（当over there 变为who is wearing a hat 时，句子就含有两个主谓结构，一个是 The boy is my brother , 是主句； who is wearing a hat 是 the boy 的定语，称为定 语从句。who既作从句成分，又起着从属连词的作用。）I wa

7、s doing my homework at six . （只有一个主谓结构，是简单句。） I was doing my homework when he came in（I was doing my homework 是一个主谓结构，he came in 也是一个主谓结构。后面 一个主谓结构作前一个的时间状语，是时间状语从句。因此本句是复合句，when是从属连词。）L is wrong.（只有一个主谓结构，是简单句。） What he said is wrong.（what he said ,是一个主谓结构。What he said is wrong.是另外一个主谓结构，Whathe sai

8、d作主语，is wrong系表结构作谓语，因此，本句是复合句。What he said是主语从句；what既作从句成分又起着从属连词的作用）从上面这几个句子，我们可以看出：C. 一个句子如果含有从句，如名词性从句（主语从句、宾语从句、表语从句和同位语从 句）、定语从句和状语从句等，这个句子就是复合句。练习1.判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句。We often study Chinese history on Friday afternoon.The boy who offered me his seat is called Tom.t there?There is a chair in

9、this room, isnMy brother and I go to school at half past seven in the morning and come back home at seven in the evening.He is in Class One and I am in Class Two.He was fond of drawing when he was yet a child.Neither has he changed his mind, nor will he do so.What he said at the meeting is very impo

10、rtant, isn t it?The farmer is showing the boy how to plant a tree.Both Tom and Jack enjoy country music.Right now it is the summer vacation and I m helping my Dad on the farm.It is the time of year for the rice harvest, so every day I work from dawnuntil dark.Sometimes we go on working after dark by

11、 the lights of our tractors.Wegrow rice in the south of the States, but in the north where it is colder they grow wheat.Although the farm is large, my Dad has only two men working for him.考点 4. 引导的是什么从句，不仅要根据连词，还要根据句子结构和句意来判别练习 2. 说 出下列复合句中， where 引导的是什么从句。 TOC o 1-5 h z You can find it where you le

12、ft it.（）Tell me the address where he lives. （）I don t know where he comes from. （）Where he was born is not known yet.This place is where they once lived.()考点5. 一个句子有两个主谓结构时，要考虑它们之间的连接问题直接用逗号连接的两个简单句是错误的。一个句子如果出现两个主谓结构，那它就不是简单句了，要么是并列句，要么是复合句。这时我们就要考虑连接词的问题。这时，我 们有三种方法来改正这个错句：A.改为并列句：我们可以使用and, so, b

13、ut等并列连词来把它们连接起来；或者把逗号 改为分号。B.改为复合句：加上从属连词，把其中的一个分句改为状语从句、定语从句或名词性从 句。C.改为简单句：把其中的一个主谓结构的谓语破坏掉，从而使其变成独立主格结构。I like English, my English is very good.x可以改为：并列句：I like Englishand my English is very good.I like English,so my English is very good.I like English ; my English is very good.复合句：As/ Because I

14、like English, my English is very good.（含有原因状语从句的复合句）Whenl like English, my English is very good.（含有时间状语从句的复合句）简单句：I liking English, my English is very good.（把一个分句改为独立主格结构）再如：I have a house, its windows are very big.x可以改为：并列句：I have a house and/ but its windows are very big.I have a house ; its windo

15、ws are very big.复合句：I have a house, whose windows are very big.（含有定语从句的复合句）考点6.两个分句一般只用一个连词用了 “因为（because, as, since 等）”不用“所以（so） ” ；用了 “虽然（although, though） ” 不用“但是（but） ”。改错：Because I like English, so I am good at it.Although he is not intelligent, but he does well in all his subjects.单句改错注意分句连接.【

16、2014 新课标 I 】 Although we allow tomato plants to grow in the sameplace year after year, but we have never had any disease or insect attack problems. 【 2005 天津】 As she gave it to me, when the phone rang and she went to answer it.【2006全国 I 】They did not want breakfast because that they were going out e

17、arly in the morning.【2004全国 n But I have spent most my money, so I cannot?even go out of town. （不要受心理定势影响）. 【 2013 辽宁】 With little sleep and hardly any break, so he works from morningtill night.【2013 新课标 I 】 He had a deep voice, which set him apart from others in oursmall town, he was strong and pow

18、erful. 【 2009 陕西】 Some friends of his go to see him everyday, they take him lots ofgood books and fresh fruit. My name is Zhang Hong, and 20 years old.注意并列成分【2014大纲卷】The understanding between two friends means both of them havesimilar ideas and trusting each other.【2014 新课标 n We can lie on the grass

19、 for a rest, or sat by the lakelistening to music.【2005 湖北】In other words, they help to keep people strong and feel good.【2009 重庆】However, every kind of Chinese food is worth trying, becauseeach has a delicious taste and good for health.I didn t communicate with others in English and not willing to

20、practice it either.【2012 全国大纲 I 】 For example, howmanytimes have you walked out of a roomand leave the lights or television on when no one else was there?【 2008 浙江】I headed for the company, feeling sure I would easily finish300 envelops in five hours and to earn the money.【2015 课标 H】 A womansaw him

21、crying and telling him to wait outside a shop.语法填空（每空至多填三词）（由高考真题中改错题改编）3. 宾语从句3. 简单句，反义疑问句。17.2004 天津】 At weekends, we would play basketball, (游泳) in thepool?or go for a picnic.【2004 全国 H】I amthinking of making a trip to London, and(visit )the British Museum and some?parks.【 2004 湖南】Then, I put myb

22、ook under mydesk, (open) it?and startedlooking for the answers.【2004 福建】She stopped to look out?of the window and (find) a cloudof smoke coming out of her neighbor s house.【2005 浙江】At first I was not quite willing to sit down and (观看 ) the 90-minute football match.【 2011 浙江】 I guessed, even at that

23、age, I would never be able to enjoyplaying with the toy or (面对) my cousin again.答案：第 1讲 简单句、并列句和复合句练习 1. 判断下列句子是简单句、并列句还是复合句。简单句。复合句 , The boy is called Tom 是一个主谓结构， who offered me his seat 也是一个主谓结构，为定语从句，作前一个主谓结构中主语the boy 的定语。简单句， my brother and I 是并列主语，后面go to school 和 come back 为并列谓语，因此也只有一个主谓结构

24、。并列句。含有时间状语从句的复合句。并列句。复合句， what he said 也是一个主谓结构，名词性从句作主语。简单句，只有一个主谓结构。简单句，前面为并列主语。and 连接的并列句。由 so 连接的并列句。简单句。but 连接前后为并列句，但后面又是一个含有定语从句的复合句。含有让步状语从句的复合句。练习 2. 说出下列复合句中， where 引导的是什么从句。地点状语从句定语从句主语从句表语从句练习 3. 利用英语句子结构规律做下列各题。1. D 2. D 3. D 4. C 5. B 6. B 7. D 8. Dbut 去掉或者改为 yet ； 两个简单句用一个连词连接就行， 用了

25、“虽然” ， 不用 “但是” ， yet 可以作副词。去掉 when； the telephone rang 应为主句。去掉 that ； because 本身就是连词，不能再用 that 。在my前加of; But是在意思上与前面连接，因此后面用so是正确的。去掉 so ； 前面 with 的复合结构不是一个分句，因此整个句子还是简单句，所以后面 不必用连词。后句的 he 前加 and； which 引导的是定语从句，其前后的两个句子构成了并列句，要 有并列连词连接。they前加and;两个简单句直接用逗号连接是错误的。and 后加 I m； 20 years old 的主语不是My name。t rusting 改为 trust ； trust 和 have 是并列的。10.sat 改为 sit ； sit 和 lie 构成并列谓语。,Saijous |e; noA oj 6uiue;si| pue noA apisaq Suiis Aofua6A