上海版(沪版)牛津各单元知识点梳理及练习8B-unit-5

1、牛津版本8BUnit5i . Words.blind adj.瞎的；看不见的；盲目的e.g. He is blind in one eye.他的一只眼睛瞎了。He is blind to his own faults.他看不到自己的过失。【知识拓展】 blindness n.失明drama n.戏剧性事件，戏剧性场面e. g. Why is there so little drama in my life? 为什么我的生活如此平淡？【知识拓展】dramatic adj.戏剧性的e.g. The play is a dramatic representation ofa real event.这

2、出话居U改编自真人真事。dramatically adv.显著地；突然地e.g. Her attitude to me changed dramatically.她对我的态度突然大大改变。reception n.接待，接待处e.g. We will give a warm reception to the guests.我们将使客人受到热情的接待。Leave your key at reception.你把钥匙留在接待处。If you have anyquestion, you may ask for information from the reception desk.如果你有任何疑问，可

3、到前台咨询。【知识拓展】 receive v.接受e.g.Please receive my best wishes for the New Year.请接受我最诚挚的新年祝福。initials n.人名每一部分的第一个字母e.g. Steven Lanes initials are S.L. . Steven Lane 这名字的缩写是 S. L.。book v.预定e.g. The secretary has booked the manager in at the Hilton Hotel.秘书已经在希尔顿大酒店为 经理预定了房间。The hotel is fully booked up.

4、旅馆房间已经全部给人预定了。【常用搭配】 book in预定旅馆房间，办理登记手续e. g. The latest representatives booked in at 3 o clock.最后一批代表已经在三点钟报到了。welcome adj.受到欢迎的e.g. You are always welcome in my home. 你在我家总是受欢迎的。【知识拓展】 welcome v.欢迎e.g. Welcome to China.欢迎来中国！welcome n.欢迎e.g. They gave us a warm welcome.他们给我们以热烈的欢迎。allow v.允许，承认e.

5、g. Allow me to introduce Miss Mary.请允许我介绍一下玛丽小姐。The government servants arent allowed to accept rewards. 公务员不得接受酬金。指点迷津：allow, permit 与 letallow语气较弱，有“听任，不加阻止，默许”之意。e.g.The teacher allows too much noise in the classroom. 那个老听任学生大声吵闹。permit语气较重，强调“认可，批准”。e.g. Schools dont permit smoking.学校内严禁吸烟。(3)le

6、t的语气最轻，意指“让”，口语较常用，且无被动语态。e.g. Let me carry your luggage. 让我来帮你搬行李。exclaim v.吁喊，惊叫e.g. The children exclaimed with excitement. 孩子1激动地喊了 起来。【知识拓展】exclamation n.惊呼，感叹，惊叹，惊叹词e.g. Look out!and OW!are exclamations.小心！和哎哟！都是感叹词。bark v.吠，咆哮e.g. Dogs always bark at strangers. 狗总是对着陌生人吠。sound v.听上去这里的sound是个

7、系动词，后接形容词或名词做表语。e.g. His explanation sounds all right.他的解释似乎有理。Your idea sounds a good one.你的想法听起来很好。repeat v.重做；复述e.g. Could you repeat the question?你能把这个问题重复一下吗？History will not repeat itself. 历史不会重演。【知识拓展】repetition n.重复，循环，复制品，副本guest n.客人，来宾，旅客e.g. We are expecting guests this weekend.我们本周末要来客人

8、。lead v.引导，指引，导致e.g. He led us to his home.他把我们带到他家。Her mistakes led to her failure.她的失误导致了她的失败。【知识拓展】leader n.领导者e.g. He is the leader of this movement.他是这次运动的领导者。指点迷津：guide与lead(1)guide是通用词，可以用于为别人带路，指导别人的学习、品行修养，它的内涵是避免走 弯路或遇到危险。e.g. The pilot guided the plane to a safe landing. 飞行员弓I导飞机安全着陆。(2)l

9、ead可以表示“领导，带路”，但它总含有领导者走在前面，而把被领导者控制在自己的 权威之下，或使被领导者处于秩序井然的状态中的意思。e.g. Our guide led us through a series of caves.我们的向导带领着我们穿过一个接一个的洞穴。personally adv.亲自;就本人而言e.g. I thanked them personally.我亲自感谢他们。Personally, I think he is dishonest,but many people trust him.就我个人而言，我认为他不诚实，可是有许多人信任他。【知识拓展】 personal

10、adj. 私人的，个人的，亲自的e.g. This is a personal affair. 这是私人事情。location n. 位置，场所e.g. Have they decided on the location of the new building yet? 这座新建筑的位置他们已经定下来了吗？【知识拓展】 locate v.使坐落于；位于e.g. The new building will be located in the centre of the town. 这座大楼将建在市中心。exit n. 出口e.g. There are six emergency exits in

11、 a theatre.剧院里有六个紧急出 口。【知识拓展】 反义词： entrance n. 入口e.g. There is a front and a back entrance to the house.这个房子有个前和个后1。sensible adj.有感觉的，明智的，有判断力的e.g. If you are sensible you will study for another year. 如果你明智的话，你就再学习一年。He is sensible of the danger of his position. 他发觉他处境危险。describe v. 描写，记述，形容e.g. She

12、 described her childhood as a time of wonder and discovery.她将她的童年描绘成一个充满幻想和发现的时期。Words cannot describe the beauty of the scene. 语言难以描述出这景色的优美。【常用搭配】describe sb. as把某人说成是（称作）e.g. He described himself as a doctor.他自称是医生。【知识拓展】description n. 描写，记述，形容，描述e.g. The scenery was beautiful beyond description.

13、 那风景美得难以形容。surface n. 表面，外表e.g. The table had a shiny surface, but underneath it was dull and rough.这张桌子的表面很光亮，可是它的底下却又灰暗又粗糙。【常用搭配】 come to the surface 显露出来look at the surface only 只看外表look below the surface of things 看到事物的本质on the surface 表面上， 外表上wet v. 弄湿e.g. Wet the clay a bit more before you sta

14、rt to mould it. 把泥再弄湿点再动手塑造。Although Eddie is eight years old, yet he still wets the bed sometimes.尽管埃迪已经 8 岁了，但是有时候还会尿床。【常用搭配】 wet out 打湿；浸湿wet up 润湿，弄湿wet the bed 尿床 wet the whistle润喉deadadj.死的，无知觉的，熄灭的e.g. My dead fingers could not untie the knot. 我的手麻木了，解不开结。If your fingers get very cold, they f

15、eel dead. 你的手指如果冻得过分，它们会失去知觉。【知识拓展】diev.死，去世 death n.死亡cough v.咳嗽e.g. The child was coughing all night. 这孩子咳嗽了一整夜。【知识拓展】cough n.咳嗽e.g. The child had a bad cough,so his mother took him to the doctor.这孩子咳得很厉害，所以他妈妈带他去看医生。wave v.挥手示意【常用搭配】wave to向挥手示意e.g. He waved desperately to his companion. 他绝望地向他的伙

16、伴挥了挥手。against prep.相反,反对e.g. No one is agarnst this proposal.没有人反对这个提议。Thats agarnst the law,那是违法的。指点迷津：against与for两者都可表示方向，下图指明了两者的区别：foragainst一一。一。一向着 逆着e.g. The Prince is making for the open sea while the princess is against.王子号向着大海驶去，而公主号恰好驶回。explain v.解释，说明e.g. Can you explain why you were lat

17、e?你能解释一下你为什么迟到吗？【知识拓展】explanation n.解释，解说，说明e.g. She left the room without explanation. 她什么也没说就离开了 房间。n. Daily expressions.日常表达sound like听起来像e.g.Dont always tell me how to do my work. You sound like my mother.别总是告诉我该怎么干我的工作，你听起来像我妈一样。soundv.听起来（这是个连系动词，后接形容词）e.g. sound good souncl beautiful【知识拓展】类似的

18、连系动词还有：feel摸起来，感觉起来taste听起来look看起来 smell闻起来go off突然作响e.g. When the fire alarm went off, everyone moved to the playground.消防警铃突然作响，所有的人都逃到了操场上。【知识拓展】go off变质e.g.I didnt put the milk in the fridge so it went off. 我没有把牛奶放进冰箱，以致它变质了。go off爆炸e.g. The bomb went off when he started the car.当他发动汽车的时候，炸弹就爆炸了

19、。in ones own words用某人自己的话说e.g.Dont recite the story. Please tell the story in your own words. 不要背诵故事，请用自己的 话讲故事。【知识拓展】in other words换句话说；也就是说e.g. Joe doesnt like hard work-in other words, hes lazy! 乔不喜欢干重活儿一一换句话说，他 很懒！keep ones word 守信e.g. Claire said she would come, and she kept her word. 克莱尔说她会来，她

20、果然很守信用。word for word逐字逐句地e.g. Ian repeated word for word what you told him.伊恩把你告诉他的话一字不差地重复了一遍。leadto将带领到 e.g. The man led all the horses to the stable.那人将所有的马都领进了 马厩。【随堂小练】Fill in the blanks with the given words in their proper forms.Have they decided on the (locate) of the new building yet?The(man

21、age) lives on the ninth floor. Lets go up in the lift.Do you believe that some people have the sixth (sensible)?I dont need any help. I want to deal with it (personal).Their parents were very thankful to the brave man who saved their two sons (life).Choose the right word to complete the sentence.The

22、 blind man told us what happened (with /in) his own words.The kind nurse led me (to / for) the operation room.I described the robber(to / for) the policeman at once.Please give me the book (in / on) the left of your schoolbag.keysI . 1. location 2. manager 3. sense 4. personally5. livesn . 1. in 2.

23、to 3. to 4. onStep 4: Important Sentences structures.John Dancers troubles began as soon as he walked into the Dragons Head Hotel with his friend, Charlie.as soon as, when等词引导的时间状语从句和if引导的条件状语从句，如果主句是一般将来时，从句用一般现在时代替一般将来时e.g. I will tell him the news as soon as he gets home. 他一回至U家我就告诉他这肖息、。He left as soon as he heard the news.他听至 U这事 JL 就走了。Before entering, John said, Can you tell me the location of the fire exit?before entering简化了从句结构。原来的连接词保留而成“连接词+分词”的结构。e.g. After talking to you,I always feel better. =After I talk to you,I always feel be