翻译理论与实践赵明秀

1、一、翻译的基本理论复习题（一）列举至少三种翻译标准（中、西均可），并指出是由谁提出的。二）翻译的主要方法有（三）列举你所掌握的翻译技巧。（四）列举中、西翻译史上著名翻译家至少十位。（五）谈谈翻译的困难（至少两点）。（六）中、西语言的主要差异是：（七）一个合格的译者应具备哪些素质？（八）中国大规模的翻译活动是什么时候开始的？（九）文学翻译和非文学翻译有什么主要不同点？（十）翻译为什么要讲究修辞？（十一）翻译是忠实主要还是通顺重要？或者两者都重要，为什么？（十二）翻译的过程是什么？（十三）你认为语境在翻译重要吗？为什么？（十四）翻译的灵活性体现在哪些方面？（十五）翻译时需要注意原文中文化因素的传达

2、吗？为什么？（十六）四字格的翻译要注意什么？（十七）翻译理论和翻译实践是什么关系？（十八）翻译有不必要考虑读者吗？为什么？（十九）翻译是理解重要还是表达重要？为什么？（二十）翻译是传达内容重要还是保留风格重要？为什么？（二十一）理解原文，指的是理解原文中的什么？试题样式一、翻译的基本理论与技巧（共 20分）.英国语言学家 M.A.K.Halliday 提出的构成语境三要素中，tenors of discourse指A.交际所涉及的题材内容B.书面语和口头语C.交际双方的年龄、性别、职业、地位和相互关系D.交际环境.下面不属于西方后现代派翻译理论家的是A.德里达B.纽马克C.图瑞D.巴斯奈特.提

3、出“翻译就是翻译形式”的观点的是A.霍姆斯B.勒弗维尔C.佐哈尔D.本雅明.翻译了莎士比亚的全部戏剧作品。A.朱生豪B.卞之琳C.梁实秋D.林语堂.在下列四组特点中A.重意合，多主动结构，多动态词，多重复，多生物词作主语B.重形合，多主动结构，多动态词，多替代，多物称词作主语C.重意合，多被动结构，多静态词，多重复，多生物词作主语D.重形合，多被动结构，多静态词，多替代，多物称词作主语.下列四种语言特点A.重形合B.多动态词语C.多替代D.多物称词作主语. ask, question, interrogate三个同义词中，ask最普通，由此可以判定，它最有可能源A.法语B.拉丁语C.盎格鲁-撒

4、克逊语D.希腊语.名词化 (nominalization)倾向是A.广告英语B.新闻英语C.科技英语D.文学英语.意义相符，功能相似”是指哪三种意义相符。A .指称意义，言内意义，语用意义B.表达意义，社交意义，祈使意义C.指称意义，联想意义，语用意义D.语法意义，音系意义，语用意义.列车的“慢车”应该翻译为。slow trainlocal trainfast traintardy train.文化差异在给翻译带来了困难，在词汇层面上主要表现为。A.词汇空缺，词义冲突，语义联想，语用含义B.词汇空缺，语用含义C.语义联想，语用含义D.词义冲突，语用含义. to laugh off ones h

5、ead被译为“笑掉大牙，这是运用了翻译方法?A.直译法B.意译法C.汉语同义习语的套用法D.归化法.“他主要抓生产”应翻译为：A . He is mainly in charge of production.He mainly grasps production.He mainly appeals to production.D.He mainly stresses production. The first bombs missed the target意思是“第一批炸弹没有击中目标“ ，用了什么翻 译方法A。A.正反，反正表达法B.意译法C.直译法D.音译法.“他们对我们的工作没有多大意见

6、”应翻译为：A.They have no great opinion of our work.They don t have much complaint about our work.C.They have no idea of our work.D.They are unsatisfied with our work.Joan can be relied on. He eats no fish and plays the game.可以翻译成： A 。A.约翰为人可靠，他既忠诚又正直。B.约翰为人可靠，他一向不吃鱼，而且经常玩游戏。C.约翰被人依靠，他不吃鱼，玩游戏。D.约翰依靠别人，他很

7、忠诚，不喜欢玩游戏。Ruth was upsetting the other children, so I showed her the door.的正确翻译是： _D_。A.鲁丝一直在扰乱别的孩子，所以我把她带到门口。B.鲁丝一直在扰乱别的孩子，所以我把门指引给她看。Last night I heard him driving his pigs to market. 意思为A.昨夜我听见他把他的猪赶到市场。Bo昨夜我听见鼾声如雷。C.昨夜我听见他开车把猪送到市场。Do昨夜我听见他开车去了市场。He took the chair at the board of directors 下面哪句翻译

8、最为恰当:A.他在公司的董事会上坐过那张椅子。B.在公司的董事会上他担任主席。C.他坐在董事会的办公室里。D.以上任何一句翻译都是不恰当的。简述题：.如何理解直译和意译之间的关系.简述文化与翻译之间的关系.如何理解严复的“信，达，雅”翻译标准.分析英汉在心理文化方面的异同二、翻译实践（共 80分）天津工业大学外国语学院翻译理论与实践（1）考试试题姓名 学号 班级I.翻译的基本理论（每题 5分，共20分）.列举你所掌握的翻译技巧。.一个合格的译者应具备哪些素质？.翻译的过程有哪些基本步骤？.翻译是忠实重要还是通顺重要？或者两者都重要，为什么?II.词语翻译（每题 2分，共20分）laugh of

9、f one s headgood chess playeras sure as a gunsophisticated novela drowned ratin the same boatlive in a fool s paradisetalk horsespend money like watermeet one s Waterloo.句子番S译（每题5分，共25分）When my door opened I saw a slender man of more than average height with gleaming eyes and a face so striking that

10、 it bordered on the beautiful.Never was night so still; never was a sky so deeply blue, nor stars so bright and serene.It had been a fine, golden autumn, a lovely farewell to those who would lose their youth, and some of them their lives, before the leaves turned again in a peacetime fall.In the doo

11、rway lay at least twelve umbrellas of all sizes and colors.A bit of knowledge kept me from making a big mistake when an important question was to be decided.段落翻译（共35分）.将下面的段落译成汉语（20分）The autumn leaves blew over the moonlit pavement in such a way as to make the girl who was moving there seem fixed to

12、 a sliding walk, letting the motion of the wind and the leaves carry her forward. Her head was half bent to watch her shoes stir the circling leaves. Her face was slender and milk-white, and in it was a kind of gentle hunger that touched over every thing with tireless curiosity. It was a look, almos

13、t, of pale surprise; the dark eyes were so fixed to the world that no move escaped them. Her dress was white and it whispered. He almost thought he heard the motion of her hands as she walked, and the infinitely small sound now, the white stir of her face turning when she discovered she was a moment

14、 away from a man who stood in the middle of the pavement waiting. （ Ray Bradbury: Fahrenheit 451 ）.将划线部分译成汉语（15分）When we criticize American rootlessness, we tend to forget that it is a result of ideals we admire, namely, social mobility and optimism about the future. When we admire Chinese rootedness, we forget that th