2021年高考英语语法汇总表

1、2021年高考英语语法汇总表一、冠词冠词分为不定冠词(a, an),定冠词(the),和零冠词。特别注意名词类别的相互转换个体名词与抽象名词的相互转换抽象名词与个体名词的转换二、规则名词的复数形式:名词的复数形式,一般在单数形式后面加-s或-es(参看有关语法书)。英语里有些名词的复数形式是不规则的三、代词熟记口诀就可以顺利解题:限定描绘大长高,形状年龄和新老,颜色国籍跟材料,作用类别往后靠。规则:限定语(The、A)+ 描绘性形容词+ size(小)+ shape(形状)+ age(年龄、时间)+ color(颜色)+ origin(国籍、来源) + material(材料)+ purpos

2、e(目的)+ 名词。This _ girl is Lindas co usin. (05北京卷)A. pretty little SpanishB. Spanish little prettyC. Spanish pretty littleD. little pretty Spanish四、形容词(短语)作伴随状语As he looked at the goat, it rolled over, dead. 当他看着山羊的时候,山羊翻了个身,死了。Afraid of difficulties, they prefer to take the easy road.由于害怕困难,他们宁愿走好走的路

3、。五、形容词和副词的比较等级分为原级,比较级和最高级。比较级和最高级的构成一般是在形容词和副词后加-er和-est,多音节和一些双音节词前加more 和most。注意:1. 可以修饰比较级的词有:much, many, a lot, even, far, a bit, a little, still, yet, by far, any, a great deal;2. 表示“最高程度“的形容词没有最高级和比较级。如:favourite, excellent, extreme, perfect,superior,junior等。六、动词的时态和语态七、非谓语动词注:现在分词、不定式、过去分词都可

4、以作独立成分generally speaking一般说来;frankly speaking坦白地说;judging from/by.根据来判断;considering./o consideration考虑到; to tell you the truth说实话;seeing.考虑到;supposing假设,如果;providing如果;given考虑到,鉴于;provided that如果在解非谓语习题时同学们遇到最大的困难有两个:一是如何判别是谓语动词还是非谓语动词;二是如何选用哪一种非谓语动词及其恰当的形式。八、谓语与非谓语的比较非谓语动词是汉语中没有的语言现象。汉语中几

5、个谓语动词连用而动词不用作任何形式的变化。如:他明天来拜访你。翻译成英语不是He will come visit you,而是He will come to visit you.这里就用了不定式to visit。因此同学们要特别注意弄清句子的结构。例:Tom sat under a tree and seeing his friend, up in no time.A. to standB. standingC. stoodD. would stand分析:stood是与sat并列的谓语。非谓语语法功能的比较九、情态动词和虚拟语气情态动词十、按用途分What was once regarded

6、 as impossible has now become a reality .(what 为“所的事”,相当于“the thing that;all that;everything that”)After _ seemed a very long time ,I opened my eye and found myself in bed .(M ET93) A.what B.when C.that D.which (what 相当于“the time that”,表示“时间”)He is not what he was a few years ago. Who is it that has made Fred what he is now ? (what 表示“的人”,相当于“the person that”)What is now the North Sahara Desert was once a civilized world . (what 表示“的地方”,相当于“the place that”) Our income is now double what it was ten years ago(what 表示“的数目”,相当于“the amount /number that”)十一、状语从句十二、定语从句I