2020年高考英语二轮复习短文改错-名词和数词附答案

1、第七讲 名词和数词一、 改正下列句子中的唯一错误：. Today , a group of 30 American student volunteer came to visit our school .【答案】volunteer 改为volunteers【解析】volunteer 是可数名词，且被数词 30 修饰，故用复数形式。. Chinese character are very beautiful and rich in culture . As for me , when reading a neatly written article, I will feel pleased an

2、d relaxed.【答案】character改为 characters【解析】句意：汉字非常美，文化内涵也很丰富。至于我，在阅读一篇书写工整的文章时，我会感到高兴和放松。根据are可知，此处指多个汉字，故应用复数形式。.The woman chose one of the most expensive dress and handed it to a shop assistant.【答案】 dress 改为 dresses【解析】句意：那位女士从最昂贵的连衣裙中挑选出一件并把它递给一名店员。此处存在one of+the+形容词最高级+名词复数”结构，故dress应用复数形式。. In the

3、 museum, we saw the latest progresses in science and technology.【答案】progresses 改为progress【解析】句意：在博物馆里，我们看到了科技方面的最新进步。progress是不可数名词，故没有复数形式。. I taught them English and after class , we played games happily . We had a lot of funs together.【答案】funs 改为fun【解析】fun 是不可数名词，故没有复数形式。. The professor began the

4、 class with an amusing English story, which attracted our attentions at once.【答案】attentions改为attention【解析】 句意： 教授以一个有趣的英语故事开始了这节课， 这立刻吸引了我们的注意力。 attract ones attention 吸引某人的注意力 是固定短语，其中的 attention 为不可数名词。考虑小结 不可数名词包括抽象名词和物质名词， 常考的不可数名词有： advice,air, behavior, bread, butter, dust, equipment, fun, fur

5、niture, housework, honesty,information,knowledge,luggage,music,news,progress,weather 等。 不 可数名词的量可借助短语来表示： four pieces of bread,a piece of news,a sheet of paper。. Having passed the final exams, I am busy planning a two-weeks trip to the US during this winter holiday.【答案】 two-weeks 改为 two-week数词 +-+名词

6、 ”结构中，名词常用单数形式。will be fully occupied in preparing for an importance lecture coming the day after tomorrow.【答案】 importance 改为 important【解析】 句意： 我将忙着准备后天的一个重要的演讲。 根据该句中的名词lecture 可知， 应用形容词修饰lecture,表示 ”重要的演讲”。该题容易被考生误以为是”名词修饰名词”的情况。One out of three passengers cars sold in Japan is a minicar.【答案】passe

7、ngers改为 passenger【解析】句意：在日本销售的客车中三分之一是微型客车。此处考查名词作定语，应用单数形式。考点小结 名词作定语 名词可以用作定语修饰后面的名词，表示类别、处所、材料、时间、功能、用途等，名词作定语时通常要用单数形式。如： a shoe shop解店），street lamps（路灯）,a bool case（书柜）等。注意特殊情况：man和woman作定语时，它所用的数必须与后面的名词保持一致。如： three men drivers（三个男 司机），five women nurses（五个女护士）等。名词本身就是复数形式时，仍用复数形式作定语。如：armscon

8、trol（武器控制） a sports meeting（运动会），clothes shops（服装店）,a goods train（货车）等。Firstly,these countries have highly diversified groups of residents from different cultural background.【答案】 background 改为 backgrounds【解析】句意：首先，这些国家有来自不同文化背景的高度多元化的居民群体。 background 作 出身背景讲时为可数名词，由句中的 different 知，此处指 “不同的文化背景” ，故用复

9、数形式。Traditional Chinese medicine（TCM）is an important part of Chinese culture. Many great success have been made in many areas through TCM cures .【答案】 success 改为 successes【解析】句意：中医是中国文化的重要组成部分。中医疗法在许多领域已经取得了巨大的成功。success在此处为抽象名词具体化，表示成功的事物，可数名词。根据success前的Many和success后的have可知，此处应用success 的复数形式。Holdin

10、g an empty box in his hand, he askers-by for money. I had no changes on me.【答案】changes 改为change【解析】change 作 零钱讲时为不可数名词，没有复数形式，考生容易因为不知道change的这个用法而找不出该题的错误。 change 表示 ”改变，变化 ” 时既可作可数名词，也可作不可数名词。考生做此类题时应当根据具体的语境判断单词的意思。My son, life is like a battlefield. You have to lose many time to win the final vi

11、ctory.【答案】 safe 改为 safety 或将 in 删去【答案】 time 改为 times【解析】句意：孩子，生活就像战场。你要失败多次才能赢得最后的胜利。根据语境可知，此处表示许多次， time 在此处作 “次， 回”讲， 为可数名词， 再由 many 可知， 此处应用复数形式。 考生容易误将time 当作 ”时间 ” ，从而找不出错误。考生应当根据具体的语境判断该词的意思。Mr. Li is my head teacher. He is now in his thirty and has been teaching for almost ten years.【答案】 thir

12、ty 改为 thirties【解析】表示在某人几十多岁时用in ones+基数词的复数形式。In the summer holiday following my eighteen birthday, I took driving lessons. I still remember how hard first day was.【答案】 eighteen 改为 eighteenth;【解析】first前加the/my表示第十八个生日用序数词；序数词 first前加定冠词the或形容词性物主代词，表示（我的）第一天。She often worked far into the night and l

13、ived on little more than bread and tea. Due to her hard work, she always came one in the examination.【答案】 one 改为 first【解析】固定搭配come first 表示 ”获得第一名 ” 。Foreign investment creates significant economic benefits, including million of well-paid jobs, for Americans here at home.【答案】 million 改为 millions【解析】

14、表示数字的一些词，如 dozen, score, hundred, thousand, million, billion 与具体数字以及several 连用时， 不用复数形式， 但是与 of 连用表示不确定的数量时， 则用复数形式， 如 hundreds of, thousands of, millionsof, billions of 等。Though he was willing to wait with patient until his mom was back on June 15th, the stores staff decided to do something extreme

15、ly thoughtful after they noticed Leons note.【答案】 patient 改为 patience【解析】 句意： 尽管他愿意耐心等待， 直到 6 月 15 日他的母亲回来， 但当这家店的员工看到利昂的便条后，他们决定做一些非常体贴的事情。 with patience 意为 ”耐心地” ，是固定短语。Mount Vesuvius had not erupted for centuries, so the people of Pompeii felt that they were in safe.in safety 意为 ”句意： 维苏威火山几个世纪以来都没

16、有爆发过， 所以庞贝的人们感到他们是安全的。安全 ” ，是固定短语。In keeping a diary in English, we certainly run up against many difficult.【答案】 difficult 改为 difficulties【解析】句意：在用英语写日记时，我们肯定会遇到很多困难。 difficult 为形容词，而many 修饰可数名词复数，因此应将difficult 改为 difficulties 。Those documents are now in the possess of The Guardian.【答案】 possess改为pos

17、session【解析】句意：那些文件目前为卫报所拥有。根据 possess前的定冠词the可知，此处应用名词形式；in the possession of为固定搭配，表示为所拥有“。By4 oclock I was pleased to see all my friends had come with a lot of beautiful present.【答案】.present fpresents【解析】 present 用作名词，意为 “礼物 ” ，并且是可数名词此处present 被 alotof 修饰，应用复数。.However,the few who say no is afraid

18、 that their parents would love them less if they had a sibling.【答案】is fare【解析】 who 引导定语从句修饰the few 。主句的谓语动词应与th few 保持一致，故用复数。.He lost his way in a small village. Otherwise, he would have visited more places of interests yesterday.【答案】interests finterest【解析】句意为：他在一个小村庄迷了路。要不然，他时天可能会游览更多的名胜。 a place

19、of interest 为固定短语，意为胜”，变复数时，place变复数，interest不变复数。25.In all his life, Dickens wrote a large number of excellent novels,of which some is still popular nowadays.【答案】is fare【解析】句意为：在狄更斯的一生中，他写了大量的优秀小说，其中一些至今仍然很受欢迎。定语从句中的主语some表示的是som novels,故谓语动词用复数。26.I will never sell my furnitures to anyone at any t

20、ime, whatever he may pay for it.【答案】furnitures ffurniture【解析】句意为：在任何时候我都不会把我的家具卖给任何人，不管他开价多少。 furniture 是不可数名词，不用复数形式27.Im going to spend the summer vacation in Shanghai, where live my grandmother.【答案】live flives【解析】 句意为： 我将去上海过暑假， 我奶奶住在那里。 在 w 引导的定语从句中， 从句中的主语grandmother是单数，且时态是般现在时，故将live 改为 lives

21、28.He got into the old truck and off he rushed to one of the far corner of the farm to fix the fences.【答案】corner fcorners【解析】句意为：他上了那辆旧卡车，一下车他冲到了农场一个很远的角落里去修围栏。 one of 后接可数名词复数，意为 “之一 ”。故将 corner 改为corners。29.I have a habit of taking a coffee, which make me feel energetic when I have to stay up late

22、.【答案】make makes【解析】句意为：我有喝咖啡的习惯，这让我在不得不熬夜的时候精力充沛。 which 引导的定语从句修饰前 面的 taking a cof which 在定语从句中作主语，故谓语动词应用单数，将make 改为makes。30. It was with great joys that Tom received the news that his lost son had been found.【答案】joys f joy【解析】句意为：汤姆收到了失踪的儿子被找到的消息，这真是极大的喜悦。 joy 是不可数名词，不用复数 形式。二、 短文改错（一）When it come

23、s to the TV ,there will be different word in different persons minds. Some people think that watchTV is a good way to relax. Firstly, we can broaden our horizons or know more about the world by watching latest news and reports.Secondly, watching TV is a good way to kill their spare time. Finally,we

24、can predict that may happen in the future and be prepared.Therefore, every coin has two sides. There are also disadvantages of watching TV . Not only do it do harm to our eyesight, but it also has a bad affect on our studies and everyday life. Definitely, TV plays a big role in our life. We should t

25、reat to it in a right way.【答案】第一处：wordfwords名词前有different修饰，应用复数形式，故将 word改为words。第二处：watchfwatching句中已有谓语动词is,句中缺少主语，且不表目的，因此用动名词作主语，故将 watch 改为 watching第三处：or-and根据句意 首先，我们能够通过看最新的新闻和报道开阔视野，并且能够更多地了解世界可知，broaden和know是并列关系，且是肯定句，应用 and连接。第四处：在latest前加the the latest news为常用表达，意为最新的新闻”，故前面加the。第五处：th

26、eir four本文叙述以第一人称为主，此处指代我们的“，故将their改为our。第六处：thatfwhat predict后为宾语从句，从句中缺主语，且指物，故将 that改为what。第七处：Therefore fHowever根据语境可知，上下文是转折关系而非因果关系。第八处：do-does当not only置于句首时，其后的句子要进行部分倒装，即将助动词提至主语之前，由于句子的主语是it, 故助动词用 does。第九处：affect feffect have an effect on.是固定短语，意为 对有影响“。第十处：删除to treat 是及物动词，接宾语时，其后不需加介词。短

27、文改错（二）Dear Jack,I am pleasing to hear from you and know that you had a greatly time working part-time in a fast-food restaurant. Now I would like to share your working experiences with you during the past summer.In the beginning of the summer vacation, I was hired as shopping guide in a big supermarket.I stood for ten hours a day and smiled to everyone I have met. Sometimes I was laughed at, and most of the time,I was praised for my wonderful works by many people. Half a month passed quic