小学英语语法大全

1、语法大全 -代词 代词：代替人或事物的词。不定代词疑问代词指示代词反身代词物主代词人称代词人称代词 _ am a student. 我是一名学生。 _ are very kind. 你真善良。 _ is a boy. 他是一个男孩。 _ is a girl. 她是一个女孩。 _is a dog. 它是一只狗。 _ are Chinese. 我们是中国人。 _ are good students. 他们是好学生。 _ are my friends. 你们是我的朋友。主格IYouHeSheItWeTheyYouEvery student in his class likes_.班上的每一个人都喜欢

2、他。The teachers help _ to study English.老师们帮助我们学英语。This book is useful , I want to buy _.这本书很有用，我想买它。This gift is for _. 这份礼物是给你的。My parents love _.宾格youitushimme 单数 复数主格Iyouhe sheitweyouthey宾格meyouhimheritusyouthem人称代词的用法1.主格在句子中作主语I love China. 我爱中国。He is a teacher. 他是一名老师。2.主格在句子中作表语It is you. 是你。

3、He thought it was she. 他以为是她。3.宾格在句子中作宾语Nobody help me to finish my homework.没有人帮我去完成家庭作业。They are delicious, I want to eat them.它们很美味，我想吃它们。4.it 的用法（1）表示时间、天气、距离等。_What time is it now? 现在几点了？_Its half past six in the morning. 现在是早上六点半。_What day is it today? 今天是星期几啊？ _Today is Thursday. 今天是星期四。_What

4、s the weather like today? 今天天气怎么样？_Its sunny. 今天是晴天。It is ten miles from my house to your school.我家离你的学校有10英里远。（2）表示婴儿、动物或不明身份、不确定的人。I dont know who it is. It is a little baby. It is a dog. （3）代替前面提到过的事物。_Where is my book? 我的书在哪里？_It is on the table. 它在桌子上。1._is important for us to drink enough wate

5、r every day.A There B That C This D It2.Please pass _the book on the table.A me B my C mine D I3.Let _finish the work first.A she B her C they D ours4._ Today is Monday.A What is the date today?B What time is it?C What day is it today?D Whats the time?AABC物主代词1.定义：表示所属关系的代词。包括形容词性物主代词和名词性物主代词 单数第一人称

6、第二人称 第三人称形容词性物主代词 my yourhisherits 我的 你的他的她的它的 名词性物主代词 mine yourshishersits 我的 你的他的她的它的 复数第一人称第二人称第三人称ouryourtheir我们的你们的他们的oursyourstheirs我们的你们的他们的Look for my family membershershersheIyourIyoumineImyImeIitshishimIheIitourIusIweourstheirtheirsthemtheyIIsheyours主格Iyouhesheitwethey宾格meyouhimheritusthem

7、形容词性物主代词myyourhisheritsourtheir 名词性物主代词mineyourshishersitsourstheirs物主代词的用法1.形容词性物主代词Open your eyes. 张开你的眼睛。He is my teacher. 他是我的老师。 It is her cat. 它是她的猫。Nobody saw their children. 没有人见过他们的孩子。 相当于形容词，用在名词前面。2.名词性物主代词I dont want your book , I want his.我不想要你的书，我想要他的书。There are two schoolbags , the re

8、d one is mine , the black one is hers.这里有两个书包，红色那个是我的书包，黑色那个是她的书包。He is a friend of mine. 他是我的一个朋友。相当于名词，后面不再加名词。my schoolbag1.It is _book, not _.这是我的书，不是你的。2.My sister has a watch , but _ is better than _.我姐姐也有一个手表，但我的比她的好。3.Computers are very useful , we use _ for _ study.电脑非常有用，我们用它们来帮助我们学习。 4.Co

9、uld you give me some apples of _?你能把他们的苹果给我一些吗？myyoursminehersthemourtheirs反身代词1.定义：表示反射或强调的代词。 单数 复数第一人称 myself 我自己ourselves 我们自己第二人称 yourself 你自己yourselves 你们自己第三人称himself/herself/itself 他/她/它自己themselves 他们自己第一人称、第二人称的反身代词：形容词性物主代词+self / selves第三人称的反身代词：人称代词宾格+ self / selves反身代词的用法1.用作动词和介词的宾语Sh

10、e found herself in his house. 她发现自己在他的房子里。Please help yourselves to some soup.喝一点汤吧。As for myself , I like Beijing best.就我来说，我最喜欢北京。2.用来加强语气I myself can finish it. 我自己可以完成它。The boy will call you himself.男孩会亲自打 给你的。3.反身代词的一些短语I can finish the homework by myself. 独自地、单独地Please help yourself to some fi

11、sh. 请随便He built a new house for himself. 为自己They enjoyed themselves in the park. 过得愉快1.Dont worry, _ can finish the job.A Myself B Me C I myself D Myself I2.Help _ to some meat , guys.A ourselves B you C yourself D yourselves3.Everyone _ during this holiday.A by oneself B enjoyed himself C help ones

12、elf D for himself4.The teacher will call you _.A him B his C yourself D himself DDBD指示代词1.定义：用来指代或标记人或事物的代词。this 这个that 那个these 这些those 那些1.在句子中做主语、宾语和定语等。I like that. 我喜欢那个。This schoolbag is mine. 这个书包是我的。These are my books. 这些是我的书。2.this 和 these用于代替即将要讲或要做的事情；that和those 用于代替前面讲过或做过的事。What I want t

13、o say is this: Beijing is very big.我想说的是北京真的很大。The weather in Guangzhou is better than that in Beijing.广州的天气比北京好。3. this 和 these 用于指代空间上较近的人或事物；that和those 用于指代空间上较远的人或事物。This is a bear, that is a chicken.这是一只小熊，那是一只小鸡。4.用于介绍别人。Hello, everyone . This is May. She is my friend.大家好，这是May , 她是我的朋友。 5.用于

14、术语，this指自己，that指对方。May: Hello ！This is May speaking. Who is that? 你好，我是May ，你是谁？Jack: Jack speaking. Is that you, May ? Great ! 我是Jack，是May吗？太好了！1.This is a woman teacher. （改为复数形式）_2. There are many students in the classroom . (改为疑问句并作否定回答)_3.Hurry up! There is _ time left.A a little B few C little

15、D much4._ of the boy plays football very well.A Neither B Both C All D some5._humans _ animals can live without air.A Both , and B Neither , nor C Either , or D not only , but also These are women teachers.Are there any students in the classroom? No, there arent.CAB不定代词1.定义：表示不确定的、非特指的代词。some any fe

16、w a few little a little many much one neither every each no none both another other the other others the othersbodyonethingeveryeverybodyeveryoneeverythingsomesomebodysomeonesomethinganyanybodyanyoneanythingnonobodyno onenothing1.some 和 anyThere are some apples on the table.桌子上有一些苹果。There arent any

17、apples on the table.桌子上没有苹果。Are there any apples on the table?桌子上有一些苹果吗？通常some用在肯定句中，any用在否定句和疑问句中。_Would you like some coffee? 要不要喝点咖啡？_Yes , please. 好啊！_Could you please sell me some flowers? 能卖一些花给我吗？_ Of course. 当然。当表示建议或请求,希望得到肯定回答时，some可用于疑问句当中。any表示“任何、任一”时，可用于肯定句。Any child can sing this song

18、.任何小孩都会唱这首歌。You can come here at any time.你任何时候都可以来这里。2.both 和allboth 主要用于两者之间 Both of them are Chinese. 他们两个都是中国人。She has two dogs . They are both black. 她有两只狗，他们都是黑色的。Both May and Mary are good students. May 和 Mary 都是好学生。 all 主要用于三者或三者以上All students had a picnic yesterday.昨天所有学生都去野炊了。She decided t

19、o invite all of her friends to her house.她决定邀请所有的朋友到家里来。either 、any和neither、noneeither ：两者中的任一个There are two books , you can choose either one .Either of you should come with me.You can choose either this one or that one.I dont know , either.any：三者或三者以上的任一个I dont like any of these pens.neither：两者都不1

20、.Mary : Which one do you like better , the red one or the black one?Jack: I like neither( of them). 2.Neither you nor he likes English.你和他都不喜欢英语。none ：三者或三者以上都不Mary：There are five hats, which one do you best?Jack : I like none of them.both两者都both of / bothandall三者或三者以上都all ofeither两者中的任一个either of /

21、 eitherorany三者或三者中的任一个any ofneither两者都不neither of /neithernornone三者或三者以上都不none ofevery和eacheach强调“个别”，every强调“整体”Each one of them enjoys the film.他们每一个人都很喜欢这部电影。Every one of them enjoys the film.他们大家都很喜欢这部电影。few几乎没有加可数名词否定a few一些，少许肯定little几乎没有 加不可 数名词否定a little一些，少许肯定few 、a few 和 little、a littleThe

22、re are _ flowers in winter.冬天几乎没有花。There are still _ students in the classroom.课室里还有一些学生。Hurry up . There is _ time left.快点，我们没时间了。There is still _ water in the glass.杯子里还有一些水。fewa fewlittlea littleanother 、other、the other、others和 the others 通常用作形容词，泛指“其他的（人或事物）”Do you have any other problems?你还有其他问

23、题吗？Ask other people. 问问别人吧。2.the other n. 用于两者之间，表示“ 另一个”：He has two schoolbags , one is red , the other is black.adj. 后面可加单数名词，也可加复数名词。On the the other side of the river , there is a tall building.Mary is much taller than the other girls.3.others n. 用作主语和宾语。泛指“另外几个，其余的人或事物”Some of us are watching T

24、V, others are talking happily.我们中一些人在看电视，另外有一些在开心的聊天。Please give some others to me.请给我别的东西吧。4.the others n. 特指某一范围内的其他的人或事物。Two boys will go to the zoo , the others will stay at home.两个男孩将去动物园，其他人留在家里。5.another n. 用于三者或三者以上，表示“另一个”。I dont like this one , please show me another.我不喜欢这个，请给我看另一个。adj. 后加

25、单数名词。I dont like this one , please show me another one.another 、other、the other、others和 the others 单数复数名词性形容词性名词性形容词性特指the otherthe otherthe othersthe other除去一个或几个后剩下的那一个（人或物）除去一个或几个后所剩下的全部（人或物）泛指anotheranotherothersother除去一个或几个后任意的另一个（人或物）除去一个或几个后任意的另一些（人或物）疑问代词1.定义：用来引导特殊疑问句的代词。whowhatwhomwhosewhi

26、ch1.who (谁)：用来对人提问，通常作主语。Who are you? 你是谁啊？Who is the boy over there? 那边的男孩的是谁？2.whom(谁)：是who的宾格形式，作宾语。Whom is Mary talking about?玛丽在谈论谁啊？Whom are you looking for?你在找谁啊？3.what（什么）：用来对事或物进行提问。What are you doing? 你在干什么？What is this？ 这是什么？4.whose（谁的）：用来对所属关系进行提问。Whose book is this ? 这是谁的书？Whose cat is

27、it ? 这是谁的猫？5.which（哪一个）：用来对人、事、物进行提问。Which bag is more beautiful? 哪一个包跟好看？Which one is heavier?哪一个更重？ 1._is your name? Im May.2._one do you like best? The red one.3._is that boy? My brother.4._skirt is this? Sorry, I dont know.5._are you talking to? My teacher.each other 主要用于两者之间one another 主要用于三者或三者之间May and Lily often help each other.梅和莉莉经常互相帮助。We should help one another when in trouble.有困难时我们应该互相帮助。相互代词HOMEWORK中文主格宾格形容词性物主代词 名词性物主代词 反身 代词我你他她它我们你们他们1.完成以下表格。2.选择题1.Would you please give me _ hot tea?A any B some C littl