SAP模块化技术与异常处理

1、模块化技术与异常处理模块化：a）好处有三：使程序更加的清晰，易读，易于维护。实现代码的复用。实现数据封装，数据或功能仅通过接口与模块外部发生联系，这也相应地增加了程序的可读写和可维护性。b）分类：i.子程序ii.功能模块子程序：子程序的定义方式:using参数名type类型using参数名using参数名changing参数名Form（子程序名）Form（子程序名）Form（子程序名）Endform.在调用此form时，调用的方式为：Perform子程序名.注意：当定义的子程序有输入和输出参数的时候。一定要保持调用时传入的参数和在定义子程序的参数的类型要一致。功能模块：功能模块建立的方法与过程

2、：进入功能函数的界面（t-code:se37或者se80一下以se80为准）先将建立的类型选择为一个函数组：3.如果在以有的函数组下建立functiongroup的话。直接输入所要建立的函数组名或者是已有的名字。函数组Z_TEST_SAP4输入短文本，保存到本地对象。保存以后直接active本函数组。错误提示：REPORT/PROGRAMstatementmissing,orprogramtypeisI_(INCLUDE).如果出现此错误。那么函数组肯定是没有active,进入se80对函数组active一下。就可以了。4.进入se37建立functiongroup。输入已有的函数组。保存到本

3、地对象。进行对functiongroup的import、export、changing、tablelen进行设置。最后进入sourcecode标签进行对此functiongroup进行代码的编辑。编码结束，active后回执行程序进行调试。在se38程序中调用此functiongroup时的方式为CALLFUNCTIONZ_SAP4_TEST_YYEXPORTINGINPUT_1=INPUT_2=*IMPORTINGOUTPUT变量的生存周期：在程序中可以定义全局变量和局部变量。当全局变量和局部变量同名时，局部变量起作用，而全局变量的值不改变。还有一点就是如果当调用一个form并且传入其参数时

4、，而form中对其值进行修改，那么在另一个form中调用全局变量时，其值不变。也就是说，在form中对全局变量进行修改以后，其修改的值值存在于此form中。还可以建立静态变量，建立的方式为：Static变量名type类型。在程序中建立一个静态变量以后。无论时在程序中任何一个位置对其进行修改，那么其值会直接更新为修改以后的值。代码的复用：代码的复用可以大量的降低程序的耦合度，也可以让程序更加的清晰，易于维护，在开发的代码量也会相应的减少。主要使用的方式有include程序、宏程序、functiongroup等方式。主要说一下宏程序。宏程序的建立方式：Define宏的名字.statementsEn

5、d-of-definition.在一个宏中可以调用多个宏，方式为。Define宏名字statements.调用宏的名字并给他所需要的占位符的个数End-of-definition.Define之前调用的宏名字statements.End-of-definition.注意：在一个宏中最多可以定义9个占位符。而占位符的方式是&1,&2&9.不可以递归调用，可以调用其他宏。异常处理：1.静态异常这种异常引起的原因基本上是语法的错误，因此比较容易更改。2.运行时异常运行时异常的捕获与处理：将需要处理异常的语句块放在,非类异常如下：Catchsystem-exceptions非类异常的名字=数字.End

6、catch.ifsy-subrc=数字.进行异常处理.Endif.类的异常：dataMYREFtypereftoCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_ERROR.“定义一个异常类的对象dataERR_TEXTtypeSTRING.dataRESULTtypeI.try.RESULT=1/0.catchcx_sy_arithmetic_errorintoMYREF.ERR_TEXT=MYREF-GET_TEXT().endtry.类异常的异常类型与名字和从属的关系：(Associatedsuperclass:CXSYARITHMETIC_ERROR)BCDZERODIVIDECXSYZERODIVI

7、DECOMPUTE_FLOAT_ZERODIVIDECX_SY_ZERODIVIDECOMPUTEINTZERODIVIDECX_SY_ZERODIVIDEADDFINTOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWBCDOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTEBCDOVERFLOWCXSYARITHMETICOVERFLOWCOMPUTECOSHOVERFLOWCXSYARITHMETICOVERFLOWCOMPUTEEXPRANGECXSYARITHMETICOVERFLOWC0MPUTEFL0ATDIV0VERFL0WCX_SY

8、_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTEFLOATMINUSOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTEFLOATPLUSOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTEFLOATTIMESOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTEINTABSOVERFLOWCXSYARITHMETICOVERFLOWCOMPUTEINTDIVOVERFLOWCXSYARITHMETICOVERFLOWCOMPUTEINTMINUSOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERF

9、LOWCOMPUTEINTPLUSOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTEINTTIMESOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWC0MPUTE_L0G10_ERR0RCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW,CXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINC0MPUTE_L0G_ERR0RCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW,CXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTEMATHOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWCOMPUTEPOWRANGECX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OV

10、ERFLOWCOMPUTESINHOVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOWC0MPUTEAC0SD0MAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTEASINDOMAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTEATANDOMAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINC0MPUTEC0SHD0MAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINC0MPUTEC0SD0MAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTEEXPDOMAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTEMATHDOMAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINC0MPUTE

11、P0WD0MAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTESINHDOMAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTESINDOMAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTE_SQRT_DOMAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTE_TANH_DOMAINCXSYARGOUTOFDOMAINCOMPUTECOSLOSSCX_SY_PRECISION_LOSSCOMPUTEMATHLOSSCX_SY_PRECISION_LOSSCOMPUTESINLOSSCXSYPRECISIONLOSSCOMPUTETANLOSSCXSYPRECISIONLOS

12、SBCDFIELDOVERFLOWCX_SY_CONVERSION_OVERFLOWExceptiongroup:CONVERSION_ERRORS(Associatedsuperclass:CX_SY_CONVERSION_ERROR)BCDFIELDOVERFLOWCX_SY_CONVERSION_OVERFLOWCONVTOVERFLOWCX_SY_CONVERSION_OVERFLOWCONVTCODEPAGECXSYCONVERSIONCODEPAGECONVTNONUMBERCXSYCONVERSIONNONUMBERBCD_OVERFLOWCX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVE

13、RFLOWExceptiongroup:CREATE_DATA_ERRORS(Associatedsuperclass:CX_SY_CREATE_ERROR)Thisgroupcontainsruntimeerrorsthatmayoccurduringthecreationofdataobjects.CREATE_DATA_UNKNOWN_TYPECX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREATE_DATA_NOT_ALLOWED_TYPECX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREATEDATALENNOTALLOWEDCX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREA

14、TEDATAILLEGALLENGTHCX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERRORCREATEDATAILLEGALDECIMALSCXSYCREATEDATAERRORCREATEDATAILLEGALINITSIZECXSYCREATEDATAERRORExceptiongroup:CREATE_OBJECT_ERRORS(Associatedsuperclass:CX_SY_CREATE_ERROR)Thisgroupcontainsruntimeerrorsthatmayoccurduringthecreationofobjects.CREATEOBJECTCLASSNOTFOUND

15、CXSYCREATEOBJECTERRORCREATEOBJECTCLASSABSTRACTCX_SY_CREATE_OBJECT_ERRORCREATEOBJECTCREATEPRIVATECX_SY_CREATE_OBJECT_ERRORCREATEOBJECTCREATEPROTECTEDCX_SY_CREATE_OBJECT_ERRORExceptiongroup:DATA_ACCESS_ERRORS(Associatedsuperclass:CX_SY_DATA_ACCESS_ERROR)Thisgroupcontainsruntimeerrorsthatmayoccurduring

16、subfieldaccess(withoffset/length)todataobjects.DATAOFFSETNEGATIVECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSDATALENGTHNEGATIVECXSYRANGEOUTOFBOUNDSDATALENGTH0CXSYRANGEOUTOFBOUNDSDATALENGTHTOOLARGECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSDATA_OFFSET_LENGTH_TOO_LARGECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSREFIWRONGSECTIONCX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSSTRI

17、NGOFFSETNEGATIVECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSSTRINGOFFSETTOOLARGECXSYRANGEOUTOFBOUNDSSTRINGLENGTHNEGATIVECXSYRANGEOUTOFBOUNDSSTRINGLENGTHTOOLARGECX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDSSTRINGOFFSETLENGTHTOOLARGECXSYRANGEOUTOFBOUNDSDATAOFFSETLENGTHNOTALLOWEDCXSYOFFSETNOTALLOWEDSinceasubfieldaccesscanoccurinalmostallsta

18、tements,nokeywordscanbeassigned.Exceptiongroup:DYNAMIC_CALL_METHOD_ERRORS(Associatedsuperclass:CX_SY_DYN_CALL_ERROR)Thisgroupcontainsruntimeerrorsthatmayoccurduringadynamicmethodcall.Thesearenormallyerrorsthattriggerasyntaxerrorifthecallisstatic.DYNCALLMETHCLASSABSTRACTCXSYDYNCALLILLEGALCLASSDYNCALL

19、METHCLASSNOTFOUNDCXSYDYNCALLILLEGALCLASSDYNCALLMETHCLASSCONSTRUCTORCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYNCALLMETHCONSTRUCTORCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYNCALLMETHNOTFOUNDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYNCALLMETHNOCLASSMETHODCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYNCALLMETHPRIVATECX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODDYNCA

20、LLMETHPROTECTEDCXSYDYNCALLILLEGALMETHODDYNCALLMETHEXCPNOTFOUNDCXSYDYNCALLEXCPNOTFOUNDDYNCALLMETHPARAMKINDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_TYPEDYNCALLMETHPARAMLITLMOVECXSYDYNCALLILLEGALTYPEDYNCALLMETHPARAMTABTYPECXSYDYNCALLILLEGALTYPEDYNCALLMETHPARAMTYPECXSYDYNCALLILLEGALTYPEDYNCALLMETHPARAMMISSINGCXSYDYNCALLP

21、ARAMMISSINGDYN_CALL_METH_PARREF_INITIALCX_SY_DYN_CALL_PARAM_MISSINGDYNCALLMETHPARAMNOTFOUNDCXSYDYNCALLPARAMNOTFOUNDDYNCALLMETHREFISINITIALCX_SY_REF_IS_INITIALThefollowingkeywordsareassignedtothisexceptiongroup:CALLMETHODExceptiongroup:FILE_ACCESS_ERRORS(Associatedsuperclass:CX_SY_FILE_ACCESS_ERROR)T

22、hisgroupcontainsruntimeerrorsthatmayoccurduringfileaccess.Typicalexamplesareifthesystemcannotfindthefile,ifnomorespaceisavailabletowriteorcreatethefile,oriftheauthorizationtoaccessthefileismissing.DATASETCANTCLOSECX_SY_FILE_CLOSEDATASETCANTOPENCX_SY_FILE_OPENEXPORTDATASETCANNOTOPENCX_SY_FILE_OPENDAT

23、ASETWRITEERRORCX_SY_FILE_IODATASETREADERRORCXSYFILEIOEXPORTDATASETWRITEERRORCXSYFILEIODATASETSEEKERRORCX_SY_FILE_POSITIONDATASETNOPOSITIONCX_SY_FILE_POSITIONDATASETREADONLYCX_SY_FILE_OPEN_MODEDATASETNOTOPENCX_SY_FILE_OPEN_MODEOPENDATASETNOAUTHORITYCXSYFILE_AUTHORITYOPENPIPENOAUTHORITYCXSYFILE_AUTHOR

24、ITYDATASET_TOO_MANY_FILESCX_SY_TOO_MANY_FILESDATASET_NO_PIPECX_SY_PIPES_NOT_SUPPORTEDExceptiongroup:IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORS(Commonclass:CXSIMPORTMISMATCHERROR)ThisgroupcontainsruntimeerrorsthatmayoccurduringtheimportofdatafromtheABAPmemory,fromthedatabase,fromtheSHAREDBUFFER,orfromafileifthetypeorthe

25、lengthofthedatastoredisnotidenticalwiththatofthetargettype.CONNEIMPORTWRONGCOMPDECSCXSYIMPORTMISMATCHERRORCONNEIMPORTWRONGCOMPLENGCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNEIMPORTWRONGCOMPTYPECX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNEIMPORTWRONGFIELDDECSCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORCONNEIMPORTWRONGFIELDLENGCX_SY_IMPORT_MI

26、SMATCH_ERRORCONNEIMPORTWRONGFIELDTYPECXSYIMPORTMISMATCHERRORCONNEIMPORTWRONGOBJECTTYPECXSYIMPORTMISMATCHERRORCONNE_IMPORT_WRONG_STRUCTURECX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORIMPORT_ALIGNMENT_MISMATCHCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORIMPORTWRONGENDPOSCX_SY_IMPORT_MISMATCH_ERRORExceptiongroup:LOCALIZATION_ERRORS(Commo

27、nclass:CX_SY_LOCALIZATION_ERROR)Thisgroupcontainsruntimeerrorsthatmayoccurwhenyouswitchtoanothertextenvironment.Typicalexamplesareiftherequiredlanguageisnotallowedorifthesystemwantstoswitchtoacharactersetwhichhasnotbeenreleased.TEXTENVCODEPAGENOTALLOWEDCX_SY_LOCALIZATION_ERRORTEXTENVINVALIDCX_SY_LOC

28、ALIZATION_ERRORTEXTENVKEYINVALIDCXSYLOCALIZATIONERRORExceptiongroup:REMOTE_CALL_ERRORS(Associatedsuperclass:CX_SY_REMOTE_CALL_ERROR)Thisgroupcontainsruntimeerrorsthatmayoccurduringcallsinremotesystems(currentlyonlyCALLMETHOD).Typicalexamplesarenetworkerrorsortheunexpectedterminationoftheconnection.R

29、MCCOMMUNICATIONFAILURECX_SY_RMC_COMM_FAILURERMCINVALIDSTATUSCX_SY_RMC_INVALID_STATUSRMCSYSTEMFAILURECXSYRMCSYSTEMFAILURECALLMETHODNotassignedtoanexceptiongroup:ASSIGNCASTINGILLEGALCASTCXSYASSIGNCASTILLEGALCASTASSIGNCASTINGUNKNOWNTYPECXSYASSIGNCASTUNKNOWNTYPEASSIGNFIELDNOTINRANGECX_SY_ASSIGN_OUT_OF_R

30、ANGEDATASETOFFSETTOOLARGECX_SY_FILE_POSITIONDYNCALLMETHNOTIMPLEMENTEDCX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_METHODEXPORTBUFFERNOMEMORYCX_SY_EXPORT_BUFFER_NO_MEMORYGENERATESUBPOOLDIRFULLCXSYGENERATESUBPOOLFULLMOVECASTERRORCXSYMOVECASTERRORPERFORMPROGRAMNAMETOOLONGCXSYPROGRAMNOTFOUNDREPLACEINFINITELOOPCX_SY_REPLACE_I

31、NFINITE_LOOPI|-CX_SY_GEN_SOURCE_TOO_WIDEI|-CX_SY_GEN_SOURCE_TOO_WIDE|-CX_SY_CREATE_ERROR6、类异常类树CX_SY_ROOT|-cx_static_check|-CX_DYNAMIC_CHECK|-CX_SY_ARITHMETIC_ERROR|-CX_SY_ZERODIVIDE|-CX_SY_ARITHMETIC_OVERFLOW|CXSYARGOUTOFDOMAJN|-CX_SY_PRECISION_LOSS|I-cx_sy_assign_errorTOC o 1-5 h z|-CX_SY_ASSIGN_C

32、AST_ERROR|-CX_SY_ASSIGN_CAST_ILLEGAL_CAST|-CX_SY_ASSIGN_CAST_UNKNOWN_TYPE|-CX_SY_ASSIGN_OUT_OF_RANGE|-CX_SY_CODEPAGE_CONVERTER_INIT|-CX_SY_CONVERSION_ERROR|-CX_SY_CONVERSION_OVERFLOW|-CX_SY_CONVERSION_NO_NUMBER|-CX_SY_CONVERSION_CODEPAGE|-CX_SY_CONVERSION_BASE64|-CX_SY_CONV_ILLEGAL_DATE_TIME|TOC o 1-5 h z|-CX_SY_CREATE_OBJECT_ERROR|-CX_SY_CREATE_DATA_ERROR|-CX_SY_DATA_ACCESS_ERROR|-CX_SY_RANGE_OUT_OF_BOUNDS|-CX_SY_OFFSET_NOT_ALLOWED|-CX_SY_DYN_CALL_ERROR|-CX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_CLASS|-CX_SY_DYN_CALL_ILLEGAL_FUNC|-cx_sy_dyn_call_illegal_method|-CX_SY_DYN_CALL_PA