KVM虚拟机的创建、管理与迁移

1、ram=1024#分配内存大小，MBkvm虚拟机管理、环境rolehostnameipOSkvm_servertarget0/24rhel6.0_x64vir_guest1node44/24rhel5.5_i386vir_guest2node55/24rhel5.5_i386managermanager3/24rhel5.5_i386ESXiESXi51/24ESXi3.5二、安裝kvmroottarget#yuminstall-yqemu-kvm.x86_64qemu-kvm-tools.x86_64#安装kvm内核roottarget#yuminstalllibvirt.x86_64lib

2、virt-cim.x86_64libvirtclient.x86_64libvirtjava.noarchlibvirtpython.x86_64#安装virt管理工具roottarget#modprobekvm#加载kvm内核roottarget#modprobekvm-intel#intelcpu加I载kvm-intel内核，要支持全虚拟化，必须开启；要求cpu支持，通过bios可设置。roottarget#modprobekvm-amd#amdcpu加I载kvm-intelroottarget#modprobe-ls|grepkvm#查看内核是否开启kernel/arch/x86/kvm

3、/kvm.kokernel/arch/x86/kvm/kvm-intel.kokernel/arch/x86/kvm/kvm-amd.koroottarget#modprobe-ls|grepkvm-intelkernel/arch/x86/kvm/kvm-intel.ko三、安装guest虚拟机1、直接通过virt-manager安装、管理虚拟机（略）2、通过命令行安装guest虚拟机roottarget#yuminstallvirt-viewer#开启图形控制台安装虚拟客户机需要，roottarget#virt-install#安装选项可用virt-install-help查看-namen

4、ode4#虚拟机名arch=x86_64#模拟的CPU构架vcpus=l#配置虚拟机的vcpu数目checkcpu#检查确定vcpu是否超过物理CPU数目，如果超过则发出警告。ostype=linux#要安装的操作系统类型，例如：linux、unix、windowsosvariant二rhel5#操作系统版本，如:fedora6,rhel5,solarislO,win2kdiskpath=/virhost/node7.img,device二disk,bus二virtio,size=20,sparse二true#虚拟机所用磁盘或镜像文件，size大小Gbridge二brO#指定网络，采用透明网桥

5、noautoconsole#不自动开启控制台roottarget#virshstartnode4#开机roottarget#virshcreate/etc/libvirt/qemu/node4.xml#直接通过主机配置文档pxe#网络安装四、利用virsh对虚拟机管理1、开关机启动主机roottarget#virshshutdownnode4#关机roottarget#virshdestroynode4#强制关闭电源roottarget#virshlistall#查看虚拟机状态状态Id名称18node4runningnode5关闭win8关闭2、添加删除虚拟机roottarget#virshd

6、efine/etc/libvirt/qemu/node5.xml#根据主机配置文档添加虚拟机roottarget#virshlistall#node5已经添加Id名称状态18node4running-node5关闭-win8关闭roottarget#virshundefinenode5#移除虚拟机roottarget#ls/etc/libvirt/qemunetworksnode4.xmlwin8.xmlroottarget#virshlistall#node5已经被移除Id名称状态18node4running-win8关闭3、远程管理虚拟机（qemu+ssh连接）roottarget#yum

7、installvirt-viewerroottarget#exportDISPLAY=8:0.0roottarget#virt-viewer-cqemu/systemnode4#本地管理虚拟机，system：获取system权限，注意qemu后是三个/rootmanager#virt-viewer-cqemu+ssh:/root0/systemnode4#远程linux通过virt-viewer+ssh管理虚拟机Xlib:extensionRANDRmissingondisplay8:0.0.root0spassword:root0spassword:#会弹出virt-viwer的gtk管理界

8、面4、使用已存在的虚拟机配置文档安裝新的虚拟机roottarget#qemu-imgcreate-fqcow2/virhost/kvm_node/node6.img20G#为新建虚拟机生产磁盘镜像文件roottarget#virshlistId名称状态running18node4roottarget#virshdumpxmlnode4/etc/libvirt/qemu/node6.xml#导出虚拟机node6的硬件配置信息为/etc/libvirt/qemu/node6.xmlroottarget#vim/etc/libvirt/qemu/node6.xmldomaintype二kvmid二2

9、0#修改node6的id号namenode6/name#虚拟机node6的nameuuid4b7e91eb-6521-c2c6-cc64-clba72707fc7/uuid#uuid必须修改，否则会和node4的冲突memory524288/memorycurrentMemory524288/currentMemoryvcpul/vcputypearch=x86_64machine二rhel5.4.0hvm/typebootdev=network/featuresacpi/apic/pae/featureson_poweroffdestroy/on_poweroffon_rebootresta

10、rt/on_rebooton_crashrestart/on_crashemulator/usr/libexec/qemu-kvm/emulatordisktype二filedevice二diskdrivername=qemutype=qcow2cache二none/sourcefile=/virhost/node4.img/谢旨定新虚拟机的硬盘文件targetdev=vdabus=virtio/interfacetype二bridgemacaddress二54:52:00:69:d5:c7/sourcebridge二brO/targetdev=vnetO/modeltype=virtio/i

11、nterfaceinterfacetype二bridgemacaddress二54:52:00:69:d5:d7/sourcebridge二brO/targetdev=vnetl/modeltype=virtio/serialtype=ptysourcepath=/dev/pts/4/targetport二0/serialconsoletype=ptytty二/dev/pts/4sourcepath=/dev/pts/4/targetport二0/consoleinputtype二mousebus二ps2/graphicstype=vncport二5900autoport二yeskeymap二

12、en-us/domainroottarget#virshdefine/etc/libvirt/qemu/node6.xml#使用虚拟描述文档建立虚拟机，可用virsheditnode6修改node6的配置文件roottarget#virshstartnode6#启动虚拟机5为虚拟机开启vncroottarget#virsheditnode4#编辑node4的配置文件；不建议直接通过vimnode4.xml修改。401Unauthorized*HEAD HYPERLINK https:/192.168 51/folder/tserver21/RHEL4.6-f

13、lat.vmdk?dcPath=ha-datacenter&dsName=ESX35-bak%3Astorage1=200OK*GET HYPERLINK 51/folder/tserver21/RHEL4.6-flat.vmdk?dcPath=ha-datacenter&d 51/folder/tserver21/RHEL4.6-flat.vmdk?dcPath=ha-datacenter&dsName=ESX35-bak%3Astorage1=200OK(2084s)unknownfilesystem/dev/hdaunknownfilesystem/dev/fd0virt-v2v:Ins

14、tallationfailedbecausethefollowingfilesreferencedintheconfigurationfilearerequired,butmissing:rhel/4/kernel-smp-2.6.9-89.EL.i686.rpmvirt-v2v:非virtio驱动程序配置的tserver21#所有选项可通过配置文件/etc/virt-v2v.conf来指定#-op:指定用于转换后的存储域(pool)，virhost#-b:指定网络为网桥br0#-ic:指定要转换的源地址roottargetkvm_node#virshlist-allId名称状态1node4running-node5关闭-tserver21关闭-win8关闭roottargetkvm_node#virshstarttserver21KVM到KVM迁移roottargetkvm_node#virt-v2v-icqemu+ssh:/79/system-opvirhost-bbr0node6root79spassword:root79spassword:unknownfilesystemlabelSWAPvda3virtv2v: