2016年12月六级真题第2套试题

1、2016 年 12 月大（第 2 套）(30 minutes)六级Part WritingDirections: For this part, you are allowed 30 minutes to write a short essay on innovation. Youressay should include the importance of innovation and measuresto be taken to encouragen 200 words.innovation. You are required to writeeast 150 words but no mo

2、rePart Section A Directions:Listening Comprehen（30 minutes）his section, you will hear two long conversations. Atof each conversation,you will hear four questions. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once.After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four

3、 choimarked A), B), C)and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 with a single line through the centre.Questions 1 to 4 are based on the conversation you have just heard.A) They were all good at cooking.They were particular about food.They were proud of their cuisine.They were fond

4、 of bacon and eggs.A) His parents.His friends.His schoolmates.His parents friends.A) No tea was served with the meal.It was the real English breakfast.No one of the group ate it.It was a little overcooked.A) It was full of excitement.It was really extraordinary.It was a risky experience.It was rathe

5、r disappoing.Questions 5 to 8 are based on the conversation you have just heard.5. A) The womans relationship with other shops.B) The businescs of the womans shop.The key to running a shop at a low cost.The womans earnings over the years.A) Improve its customer service.Expand its business scale.Keep

6、 down its expenses.D) Upgrade the goods it sells.7. A) They are soldowrin in other shops.They are very popular with the local residents.They are delivered free of charge.They are in great demand.8. A) To follow the custom of the local shopkeepers.B) To attract more customershe neighborhood.To avoid

7、being put out of business in competition.To maain friendly relationships with other shops.Section BDirections:his section, you will hear two passages. Atof each passage, you will hearthree or four questions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only once. After youhear a question, you m

8、ust choose the best answer from the four choimarked A), B), C) and D).Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 wisingle line through the centre.Questions 9 to 12 are based on the passage you have just heard.9. A) They can be used tiver messagesimes of emergency.B) They delivollutants fro

9、m the ocean to their nesting sites.They carry plant seeds and spread them to faraway plaThey are on the verge of extinction because of pollution.10. A) They migrate to the Arctic Circle during the summer.B) They originate from Devon Islandhe Arctic area.They travel as far as 400 kilometers in search

10、 of food.They have the ability to survive in extreme weathers.11. A) They were carried by the wind.They hadThey were lesse more poisonous.n on the continent.D) They poisoned some of the fulmars.12. A) The threats humanse to Arctic seabirds.The diminishing colonies for Arctic seabirds.The harm Arctic

11、 seabirds may cause to humans.The effects of the changing climate on Arctic seabirds.Questions 13 to 15 are based on the passage you have just heard.A) IIIIs decreased.s been exaggerated.se better understood.s remained basically the same.14. A) It develops more easily in centenarians not actively en

12、gaged.B) It is now the second leading cause of death for centenarians.C) Is had no effective cure so far.D) It calls for moreensive research.15. A) They care more about their physical health.B) Their quality of life deteriorates raly.C) Their minds fail before their bodies do.D) They cherish their l

13、ife moren ever.Section CDirections:his section, you will hear three recordings of lectures or talks followed by three orfour questions. The recordings will be played only once. After you hear a question, you mustchoose the best answer from the four choicorresponding letter on Answer Sheet 1 wimarked

14、 A), B), C) and D).single line through the centre.ThenmarktheQuestions 16 to 18 are based on the recording you have just heard.16. A) They are focused more on attractionn love.B) They were done by his former colleague at Yale.C) They were carried out overriod of some thirty years.D) They form the ba

15、sis on which he builds his theory of love.17. A) The relationship cannot last long if no pasis involved.B)imacy is essential but not absoluy indispensable to love.C) It is not love if you dont wish to maahe relationship.D) Romance is just imsible without mutuaderstanding.18. A) Which of them is cons

16、idered most important.B) Whether it is true love withoommitment.When the absence of any one doesnt affect the relationship.How the relationship is to be defined if any one is missing.Questions 19 to 22 are based on the recording you have just heard.19. A) Sol work as a profes.B) The history of sol w

17、ork.C) Academic degrees required of sol work applicants.D) The aim of the National Assotion of Sol Workers.20. A) They try to change peoples sol behavior.B) They help enhance the well-being of the undrivileged.They raise peoples awareness of the environment.They create a lot of opportunities for the

18、 unemployed.21. A) They have all received strict clinical training.B) They all have an academic degree in sol work.C) They are all members of the National Assotion.D) They have all made a difference through their work.22. A) The promotion of sol workers sol sus.B) The importance of training for sol

19、workers.C) Ways for sol workers to meet peoples needs.D) Sol workers job options and responsibilities.Questions 23 to 25 are based on the recording you have just heard.23. A) To fight childhood obesity.B) To help disadvantaged kids.To encourage kids to play more sports.To urge kids to follow their r

20、ole ms.24. A) They best boost product sales when put online.B) They are most effective when appearing on TV.C) They areing more and more prevalent.D) They impress kids moren they do adults.25. A) Always place kidserest.B) Do what they advocate in public.C) Messageitive behaviors at all times.D) Pay

21、attention to their image before children.Part Section A Directions:for each blReading Comprehen(40 minutes)his section, there isfrom a list of choisage with ten blgiven in a word bs. You are required to selectordfollowing the passage. Read the passagethrough carefully before making your choi. Each c

22、hoicehe bis identified by a letter.Please mark the corresponding letter for each item on Answer Sheet 2 wisingle line throughthe centre. You may not use any of the wordshe bmoren once.Questions 26 to 35 are based on the following passage.The tree peoplehe Lord of the Ringsthe Entscan get around by w

23、alking. But for realtrees, its harder to uproot. Because theyre literally rootedand go 26.o the ground, they are unable to leaveWhen a treestarts growing in a certain area, its likelyt the 27 envelopethetemperature, humidity, rainfall patterns and so onsuits it. Otherwise, it would be unable to grow

24、 from a seedling. But as it 28, these conditions may change and the area around it may nolonger be suitable for its 29.Whent happens, many trees like walnuts, oaks and pines, rely 30 on so-called“scatter hoarders,” such as birds, to move their seeds tfood for the wer, which they 31 retrieve.localiti

25、es. Many birds like to storeWhen the birds fet to retrieve their foodand they do sometimesa seedling has achance to grow. The bird Clarks nracker, for exle, hides up to 100,000 seeds per year, up to30 kilometers away from the seed source, and has a very close symbiotic（共生的）relationshipwith several p

26、ine species, most 32 the whitebark pine.As trees outgrow their ideal 33he face of climate change, these flying ecosystemengineers could be a big help in 34 trees. Its a solution for usgetting birds to do the work is cheap and effectiveand it could give 35 oaks and pines the option to truly “make lik

27、e a tree and leave.”agesbreathingclimaticelsewhereexclusivelyforeverfruitfulhabislegacynotablyoffspringreplantingsubsequentlyvulnerablewithdrawsSection BDirections:his section, you are going to readsage with ten sements attached to it.Each sement contains information given in one of the paragraphs.

28、Identify the paragraph fromwhich the information is derived. You may choose a paragraph moren once. Each paragraphis marked with a letter. Answer the questions by marking the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2.The American Workplace Is Broken. Heres How We Can Start Fixing It.A Americans are wor

29、king longer and harder hoursn ever before. 83% of workers saytheyre stressed about their jobs, nearly 50% say work-related stress iserfering with their sleep,and 60% use their smartphones to check in with work outside of normal working hours. Nowonder only 13% of employees worldwide feel engagedheir

30、 occupation.BGlimmers （少许） of hope, however, are beginning to emergehis bruising environment:Americans areing aware of the toll their jobs take on them, and employers are exploringways to alleviate the harmful effects of stress and overwork. Yet muore work remains to bedone. To call stress andemic i

31、snt exaggeration. The 83% of American employees who arestressed about their jobsup from 73% just a year beforesayt poor compensation and anunreasonable workload are their number-one sourof stress. And if youedt theworkplace had gotten more stressfuln it was just a few decades ago, youre right. Stres

32、s levelsincreased 18% for women and 24% for men from 1983 to 2009. Stress is also starting earr inlife, with some data suggestingt todays teens are even more stressedn adults.CStress is taking a significant toll on our health, and the collective public health cost may beenormous. Occupational stress

33、 increases the risk of heartack and diabetes, accelerates the agingpros, decreases longevity, and contributes to depresand anxiety, among numerous othernegative healthes. Overall, stress-related health problems account for up to 90% ofhospital visits, many of them preventable. Your job is “literally

34、 killing you,” as The Washingtont put it. Its alrting our relationships. Working parents say they feel stressed, tired, rushedand short on quality time with their children, friends and partners.DSeven in 10 workers say they struggle to maain work-life balance. As technology (andwith it, works) seeps

35、 (渗入）o every aspect of our lives, work-life balance hasemost meaningless term. Add a raly changing economy and an uncertain future to this 24/7connectivity, and youve got a recipe for overwork, according to Phyllis Moen. “Theres risingwork demand coupled with the insecurity of mergers, takeovers, do

36、wnsizing and other factors,”Moen said. “Part of the work-life ie has to talk about uncertay about the future.”EThese factors have converged to create an increasingly imsible situation with manyemployees overworking to the poof burnout. Its not only unsustainable for workers, but alsofor the companie

37、st employ them. Science has shown a clear correlation betn high stresslevels in workers and absenteeism (旷工), reduced productivity, disengagement and high turnover.Too many workplace policies effectively prohibit employees from develoa healthy work-life balance by barring them from taking time off,

38、even when they need it most.FThe U.S. trails far behind every wealthy nation and many develoonest havefamily-friendly work policies including paid parental leave, paid sick days and breast-feedingsupport, according to a 2007 study. The U.S. is also the only advanced economyt does nott does notguaran

39、tee workers paid vacation time, and its one of only two countrieshe worldoffer guaranteed paid maternity leave. But even when employees are given paid time off,workplace norms and expecionst prere them to overwork often prevent them from takingit. Full-time employees who do have paid vacation days o

40、nly use half of them oage.GOur modern workplaalso operate based on outdated time constras. The practice ofclocking in for an eight-hour workday is a leftover from the days of the Industrial Revolution, asreflectedhe then-popular saying, “Eight hours labor, eight hours recreation, eight hours rest.”H

41、Weve held on to this workday structurebutnks to our digital devi, many employeesnever really clock out. Today, the average American spends 8.8 hours at work daily, and themajority of working profesals spend additional hours checking in with work during evenings,kends and even vacations. The problem

42、isnt the technology itself, butt the technology isbeing used to create more flexibility for the employer rathern the employee. In a competitivework environment, employers are able to use technology to demand more from their employeesrathern motivating workers with flexibilityt benefits them.IIn a st

43、udy published last year, psychologists coined the term “workplaceeprere” todescribe an employees urge to immediay respond tos and engage in obsessive thoughtsabout returning anto oness, colleagues orcnts. The researchers foundteprere is a major cause of stress at work, which over time contributes to

44、 physical and mentalburnout. Of the 300 employees participatinghe study, those who experienced high levels ofeprere were more likely to agree with sements assessing burnout, like “Ive no energy forgoing to work in the morning,” and to report feeling fatigued and unfocused.eprere wasalso correlated w

45、ith sleng poorly and missing work.JHarvard Business School professor LesPerlow explainst when people feel the prereto be always “on,” they find ways tomodatet prere, including altering their schedules,work habits anderactions with family and friends. Perlow calls this vicious cycle the “cycle ofresp

46、onsiveness”: Onceses and colleagues experience an employees increased responsiveness,they increase their demands on the employees time. And because a failure to accept theseincreased demands indicates a lack of commitment to ones work, the employee comps.KTo address skyrocketing employee stress leve

47、ls, many companies have implementedworkplace wellness programs, partnering with health care providersve created programs tot these programs holdpromote employee healnd well-being. Some research doeggestpromise. A study of employees at health insurance provider Aetna revealedt roughly onequarter of t

48、hose taking in-office yoga and mindfulness classes reported a 28% reductionheirstress levels and a 20% improvement in sleep quality. These less-stressed workers gained anaverage of 62 minutes perscientifically proven to reduk of productivity. While yoga and mediion（ 静思） aretress levels, these progra

49、ms do little tothe root causes ofburnout and disengagement. The conditions creating the stress are long hours, unrealistic demandsand deadlines, and work-life.LMoen and her colleagues may have found the solution. In a 2011 study, she investigated theeffects of implementing a Results Only Work Enviro

50、nment(ROWE) on the productivity and well-being of employees at Best Buys corporate headquarters.MFor the study, 325 employees spent six months taking part in ROWE, while a control groupof 334 employees continued with their normal workflow. The ROarticipants were allowed tofreely determine when, wher

51、e and how they workedthe only thingt mattered wast theygot the job done. The results were striking. After six months, the employees who participated inROWE reported reduced work-familyand a better sense of control of their time, and theywere getting a full hour of extra sleep each night. The employe

52、es were less likely to leave theirjobs, resulting in reduced turnover. Its important to notet the increased flexibility didntencourage them to work around the clock. “They didnt work anywhere and all the timetheywere better able to manage their work,” Moen said. “Flexibility and control is key,” she

53、 continued.36. Workplace norms prere employees to overwork, deterring them from taking paid time off.37. The overwhelming majority of employees attribute their stress mainly to low pay and anexsive workload.38. According to Moen, flexibility gives employees better control over their work and time.39

54、. Flexibility resulting from the use of digital devibenefits employers instead of employees.40. Research findst if employees suffer from high stress, they will be less motivated, lessproductive and more likely to quit.41. In-office wellness programs may help reduce stress levels, but they are hardly

55、 an ultimate solution to the problem.42. Health problems caused by stresshe workplace result in huge public health expenses.43. If employees respond quickly to their job assignments, the employer is likely to demand morefrom them.44. With technology everywhere in our life, ise virtually imsible for

56、most workersto keep a balance betn work and life.45. In America today, even teenagern grown-ups.ffer from stress, and their problem is even more seriousSection CDirections: There are 2 passages his section. Each passage is followed by some questions or unfinished s ements. For each of them there are

57、 four choi marked A), B), C) and D). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2 with a single line through the centre.Passage OneQuestions 46 to 50 are based on the following passage.Dr. Donald Sadoway at MIT started his own battery company with the hope

58、 of changing the worlds energy future. Its a dramatic endorsement for a technology most people think about only when their smartphone goes dark. But Sadoway isnt alone in trumpeting energy storage as amissing link to a cleaner, more efficient, and more equitable energy future.Scientists and engineer

59、s have long bevedhe promise of batteries to change the world.Advanced batteries are moving out of spelized markets and crengo the mainstream,signaling a tippanels.pofor forward-looking technologiech as electric cars and rooftop solarThe ubiquitous （无所不在的） battery has already come a long way, of cour

60、se. For better orworse, batteries makesible our mobile-lifestyles, our screen culture, our increasinglyglobalized world. Still, as impressive as all this is, it may be trivial compared with what comes next. Having already enabled a communications revolution, the battery is now poised to transform ju