机场跑道状态灯光系统研究课件

1、 Aerodrome Study Runway Status Lights机场跑道状态灯光系统研究Runway Incursions跑道侵入Runway Incursions27 Mar 1977, Canary Islands. Two 747s collide. 583 dead.1977年3月27加那利群岛两架747相撞，583人死亡。20 Dec 1983 , Sioux Falls, USA. DC9 collides with snow plow. 1 dead. 1983年12月20日，美国苏瀑市，DC9与除雪车相撞，1人死亡。3 Dec 1990 , Detroit, USA.

2、 DC9 collides with B727. 8 dead.1990年12月3日，底特律，DC9与B727相撞，8人死亡。1 Feb 1991, Los Angeles. B737 lands on Fairchild Metro. 34 dead.1991年2月1日洛杉矶，B737着陆撞上了Fairchild MetroIII，34人死亡。Source: WikipediaCosts“One runway incursion happens daily on average worldwide, at a cost to the industry of about $100 millio

3、n a year.” TK Kallenbach, Honeywell Vice President of Product Management Runway Status LightsRWSL:Uses ASDE-X, other sources to detect potential conflicts in real time.使用机场场 面探测设备 ，实时监测潜在的冲突。Direct heads-up warning to pilots and vehicle drivers on the airport surface对飞行员和机场地面车辆司机发出直接引导警告Commercial,

4、off-the-shelf hardware，商业上现成产品。Cost: 1 million USD per runway投入：每条跑道100万美元。Operating Principles (USA)No interference with normal ops.不干扰正常运行。No controller action required.无需专设控制器。Lights allow anticipated separation.灯光可预先设定间隔Clearance by ATC only, as always. ATC控制跑道。Lights are on = Stop.灯亮=停止。Lights

5、off = Proceed with clearance.关灯=跑道适用。Lights apply to vehicles also.灯适用于车辆。Automatic brightness in low visibility.在低能见度自动亮度。SchematicTakeoff Hold LightsWarn of active traffic on runwayOn centerlinePoint at departing aircraftActivated only when departure in takeoff position and 2nd aircraft on or appr

6、oaching runwayTHLPilots ViewIFALPA:Fully supports global standardSeeks “consistent, universally recognized displays.”European Cockpit Association:Use red onlyTraining, global standardProceed only with clearanceControllers ViewSurvey of US controllers with RWSL experience (Oct 2010):86% - Improves ru

7、nway safety85% - Will lower runway incursions by at least 25%41% - Witnessed at least one “save” by RWSLController ConcernsFalse indicationsPilot and controller trainingConfusion with other lightsPilots asking when lights turn greenPilots proceed when lights turn offUse of tower display as radarVehi

8、cles on grassConfusion with Other LightsDisplaced thresholdStop barsApproach lightsRunway end lights alternating red and white last 900 meters, then red for last 300 metersKill SwitchGlobal ConsistencyEurocontrol E-RWSL, Dec 2010Two modes. Prevention Same as existing.Incursion - Lights flash to show

9、 emergency action needed.ICAO Aerodrome Panel, Oct 2010Orientation, spacing and use .only control.to disable” Tower Monitordeleted for uploadTower Monitor (contd)FAROS Action PointsFAROS Performance25% of US controllers surveyed negative effect on safetyToo many nuisance alertsDeactivated at both te

10、st sites -Dallas and Long BeachFAA program on hold for improvementsExisting Policy (contd)AAS 3.21 addresses:Controller involvement and trainingLocalized nuisance filtersUse of simulation and studiesRelevance to safety caseConclusions 11.RWSL is promising. 2.Runway incursions are not reduced where n

11、o conflict is present.3.International leadership is critical. Non-uniform deployment is a risk.4.Training of pilots and controllers is vital to success.5.Interaction with other lighting is a concern. Issues are largely local.Conclusions 26.Any requirement to scan an additional monitor would increase

12、 workload and liability. 7.TOC is concerned RWSL monitors might be used as a surveillance tool without regulation.8.FAROS in its present state is an immature system.9.TOC considers RWSL a safety net.4.1 - IFATCA Policy is:IFATCA supports RWSL provided the following criteria are met:The system will b

13、e used as a safety net.It will operate automatically with no controller input required.The system specifications are globally harmonized under ICAO guidance.Potential confusion with other lighting systems is eliminated or mitigated.Clearance to proceed will still be required.Recommendations 1Recomme

14、ndations 24.1 (continued):IFATCA supports RWSL provided the following criteria are met:All surface traffic will be required to comply with the system.Comprehensive training is provided to all pilots, drivers and controllers.False activations are kept to an absolute minimum.and is included on page ? ? ? ? of the IFATCA Technical and Professional Manual.Recommendations 34.2 - IFATCA Policy is:If RWSL activations are displayed to the controller, the following criteria should be met:The information should be efficien