德国“双元制”职业培训制度Dr. Bernhard课件

1、The dual system of vocational training in Germanyand the modern electrical and electronics professions in industry德国的双元制职业培训与现代电气和电子工业行业 Dr. Bernhard Diegner, ZVEI e.V. ContentVery shortly: Who is ZVEI?What is the dual system of vocational training? How does it work?Why in-company vocational trainin

2、g?The modern way of vocational training in the electrical and electronics industry很快：谁是ZVEI？什么是双元制职业培训？ ？它是如何工作的？为什么在公司内部的职业培训？电气和电子工业现代的职业培训方式Who is ZVEI ?German Electrical and Electronic Manufacturers AssociationOne of the worlds largest electrical and electronics industry associations: 1,600 memb

3、er companies, 4 incorporated organizations, and a network of competence comprising over 5,000 expertsPacemakers of technical progress, with key technologies decisively influencing innovation and growth in virtually all sectors of the economyFigures 2009:Employees in Germany: 810,000Employees in Germ

4、an companies abroad: 600,000Turnover:145.0 bn (2008: 182 bn )of which from foreign customers: 67.8 bn (=46,5%)R&D spending; 10.4 bn ZVEI represents approx. 80% of the sector in terms of turnover and employee numbers 德国电气和电子工业同业公会 一个世界上最大的电气和电子工业协会：1600会员公司，4条编入组织，职权和专家组成的网络超过5000 起搏器技术的进展，决定性影响的关键技术

5、几乎在所有经济部门创新和发展 2009年的数字： 在德国的员工：810 000 德国企业在国外的雇员：600 000 营业额：145.0亿（2008年：182亿） 其中来自国外的客户：67.8亿（= 46.5） 研发支出; 10.4亿 ZVEI表示约 80的部门在营业额及员工人数方面 Connection between ZVEI and the dual system of vocational trainingQualified workforce is the backbone of a hightech industry. Representing a hightech industr

6、y, ZVEI is actively engaged in matters of human resources development.Activities of ZVEI include questions of engineering studies as well as vocational training and further training for both engineers and technicians.For decades now, based on its specific experience, ZVEI represents the employers si

7、de in the development of new professions for the electrical and electronics industry within the dual system.We are convinced: The best way of vocational training is the dual system.高素质的劳动力是一个高科技行业的中坚力量。代表高科技产业，ZVEI正在积极开发人力资源事宜。对ZVEI活动包括工程研究的问题，以及职业培训，都是工程师和技术人员的进一步培训。现在，它的具体经验的基础上几十年来，ZVEI表示双系统内的雇主在

8、新的专业用于电气和电子工业的发展方我们深信：职业培训的最佳方式是双系统What is the dual system of vocational training?The dual system is a combination of learning (in vocational schools) and training (in companies) which provides the basis for vocational skills.Within the dual system, (state-run) vocational schools and (private) compa

9、nies share a joint educational responsibility.VT in the dual system builds bridges to further training and lifelong learning.The systems central aim is to promote employability in a changing workplace: People must be able to plan, carry out and check their work independently.双重的：两年的培训（职业学校和公司）供应商？。系

10、统：两个提供互动。的人接受这种培训既在公司和学生在职业学校实习State:Standardized frameworkIndustry:Industrial environmentVocational School:General education and specialized instruction1-2 days per week*Company:Practice-related training4-3 days per week*The Dual System: Partners and their contributions* 5 days working weekChamber

11、of commerce and industry:Examinations双元制：合作伙伴和他们的贡献国家：标准化框架行业：产业环境职业学校：普通教育和专业指导每周1-2天*公司名称：实践有关的培训每周4-3天* 商会和行业：考试职业培训为什么在公司内部？教育，教学的优势职业培训中享有较高的社会地位和在德国一般自尊。学习和？促进动机和工作？提供实际工作经验的融合。学员取得独立和？因此准备？接受他/她今后的工作责任。个人的利益在公司的VT使学员的保证，他/她能满足工作的要求，并能因此谋生。在公司的VT构成了今后参加高级培训和职业生涯，因此基础。显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音Why in-company

12、 vocational training?3DisadvantagesResponsibility for VT and education in vocational schools not in the same hand.Costs of VT (practice) carried by the individual company itself:Contributions to productivity during training (earnings) (in industry and trade, Germany 2007)But, it pays off bybetter qu

13、ality, greater productivity, more job satisfaction, intensive company loyalty. Qualified workforce is the backbone of a hightech industry: it transforms the ideas of engineers into products! gross costs per trainee resulting net costs16700 12100 4600 职业培训为什么在公司内部？缺点职业学校中的责任不在同一手VT和教育。VT的费用（实践）由个别公司本

14、身：在训练中对生产力的贡献（收益）（工业和贸易，德国2007年）但是，它的回报更好的质量，更高的生产力，更高的工作满意度，公司的忠诚度激烈。合格的劳动力是一个高科技行业的中坚力量？它转化为产品工程师的想法！显示对应的拉丁字符的拼音16700 121004600每名学员大成本的净成本Reasons why companies are willing to offer trainingSource: BMBFBasic design principles of the new electrical and electronics professions 2003New professions, d

15、esigned by modern principles, taught in modern ways of training and examination:Business processes define professions, and ways and contents of trainingNew technologies, new employment fields new qualification challenges!Flexibility is what companies needBroad qualification profiles, wholistic actin

16、g competences, open training structures, openness to new developmentsProfessional competence for companys demand is the central aimCarry out concrete tasks, fill concrete orders, run and optimize production and service processes, cooperate with neighboring departmentsLearning by doing for experience

17、 based working and self-directed learningCombination of formal and practical knowledge, ability for responsible flexible acting, dealing with uncertainties 新电气和电子行业2003年基本设计原则新职业，通过培训和考试中的现代方式的现代教学原则，旨在：专业的业务流程定义，以及方法和训练内容新技术，新的就业领域资格新的挑战！灵活性是企业需要什么广泛资格型材，代理全人能力，公开培训结构，开放的新发展专业为公司的需求竞争力是核心目标开展具体任务，具

18、体填写订单，运行和优化生产和服务流程，与邻国合作部门实践中学习，工作经验为基础，自我导向学习正式的和实际的知识，灵活的演技负责，联合处理不确定性plan check makeSub-process Sub-process Work processes and challengestypical for the professionNetworking: Production / Services IT systemsInterfaces: Upstream and downstream steps External and internal customersQuality managemen

19、t: Products / Processes Quality documentsWork structures: Cooperation CommunicationSystems competence: Functions / connections IntegrationState of the art (tools, methods, techniques)Comprehensive (professional challenges, drivers, criteria)Integrated (complete professional action) 工作流程和提取为行业的典型接口：上

20、游和下游的步骤外部和内部顾客网络：生产/服务IT系统子过程子过程质量管理：产品/工艺质量文件工作结构：合作通讯系统权限：功能/连接整合计划检查做目前最先进的（工具，方法，技巧）综合（专业的挑战，驱动程序，标准）综合（完整的专业动作）Qualification in competence areas(practical part)Specific qualifications21 monthsShared core qualifications21 monthsOperation areaIntegrated trainingyearsTraining of specific skills in

21、 an operation area chosen by the company Provides flexibility both to the needs of the company and to technological development!Qualifications and skills specific for a certain occupatione.g. electronics technicians for building and infrastructure systems: “configure the control devices of technical

22、 systems, test the functioning of systems and safety equipment”Qualifications and skills shared by all professions within a given groupe.g. safety, environmental and health protection, planning and organizing, 01233,5在能力领域内的资格？（实践部分）3.5年操作领域特殊资格21个月综合培训共有的核心资格21个月在经营领域的专门技能培训由公司既提供灵活性该公司的需要和科技的发展！为某

23、特定职业 资格和技能例如电子技术人员和基础设施系统建设：“配置技术系统的控制装置，测试系统和安全设备的功能” 所有共有的专业资格和技能在给定的组例如安全，环境和健康保护，规划和组织，.Source: BMBFQualification in competence areas(theoretical part)Structured by learning areas (instruction units that are derived from the main tasks within a relevant profession).In this concept, vocational-sc

24、hool learning is oriented to company processes and, thus, complex tasks.Vocational school curricula在能力领域内的资格？（实践部分）职业学校课程由学习领域构成（结构单元来自相关过程派生的主要任务）。在这个理念下，职业学校学习是面向企业流程，因此，复杂的任务。 1/3一般课程材料社会学科，经济学科，外国语，宗教。TheoryTypical work processesCompany Sub-process nOpera-tion areaLearning areaSpecific qualifica

25、tionsCore qualificationsSynchronicity of in-company training and vocational education in competence areasSub-process n+2Vocational schoolPracticeDuration of trainingCompetence areaNew professions in the electrical and electronics industry (2003)Electronics technician for automation technologyElectronics technician for building and infrastructure systemsElectronics technician for devices and systemsElectron