法布尔英文简介

1、第 PAGE15 页 共 NUMPAGES15 页法布尔英文简介Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre (1823-1915), the famous French entomologist, writer. Known as the insects of the Homer (according to Homer for the ancient Greek two famous epic Iliad and Odyssey the author), the insect sector Virgil. He painted more than 700 pieces of fungi

2、with watercolor paintings and was appreciated and loved by the Provence poet Mistral. He also contributed to the bleaching and dyeing industry, has received three patents on alizarin. 让亨利卡西米尔法布尔人物生平 Jean-Henri Casimir Fabre (1823 1915) at the age of 92, he is a famous French entomologist, animal beh

3、aviorist, writer. Known as the insects of the Homer, insect community of Virgil. Fabre was born in a French farmer in San Leon, Provence, southern France. For the next few years, Fabre was spent at the grandmothers house of Malawar, not far from the village, who was attracted by the lovely insects o

4、f the countrys butterflies and fireflies. In 1857, he published the Abdominal Habits habit observation, this paper amended the then entomologist founder Leon Du Fuers erroneous view, which won the praise of the French Academy, was awarded the Experimental Physiology Award The During this period, Fab

5、re will also devote himself to the study of natural dyed madder or alizarin, when the French soldiers trousers on the red, it comes from the madder powder. In 1859, Fabre received three patents for such research. Later, Fabr was invited by the Minister of Public Education, Victor Druid, to organize

6、the organization and teaching of an adult night school, but his free teaching method caused dissatisfaction with some people. So he resigned his job, with the family settled in Aurang, and live is more than ten years. In this more than ten years, Fabre completed the last volume of ten volumes of Ins

7、ects in the first volume. During the period, he repeatedly with friends to Wandu mountain collection of plant specimens. In addition, he also met the British philosopher Mir, but Miller died young, so that the two previously brewing plan Walker Luz Vegetation Grand so died. At the same time, a great

8、 misfortune came to Faber: he was a total of six children, one of the only interest with his father, love to observe the son of nature Jules only sixteen years old and left the world. Since then, Fabre will discover several plants dedicated to the early death of Jules, to express his memory. The stu

9、dy of fungi has always been one of Fabres hobbies. In 1878, he wrote a lot of wonderful academic articles on the theme of the fungus of Vaucluse. His research on the wild is also very detailed, and meticulously described its fragrance, gourmets claim to be able to from the real block of wild goods d

10、escribed in his description of all the taste. In 1879, Fabre bought the Selinese desolate garden, and has been living to death. This is a barren barren land, but it is the land of insects, in addition to family living, there are his study, studio and test ground, let him quietly concentrate on think

11、ing, threw himself into All kinds of observation and experiment to go, it can be said that he has always dreamed of heaven and earth. It is here, Fabre side of the observation and experiment, while finishing the first half of the study of insect observation notes, experimental records and scientific

12、 notes, completed the Insect in the last nine volumes. Today, the former residence has become a museum, quietly located in a rich Provencal style of the botanical garden. Fabre has a long history of self-study, has received a bachelors degree, a bachelors degree in mathematics, a bachelors degree in

13、 natural science and a doctorate in natural sciences, proficient in Latin and Greek, favorite Roman writer Horace and poet Virgils works. He is in the painting, watercolor is also almost self-taught, leaving a lot of exquisite fungus illustrations made Nobel Prize winner, the French poet Frederick M

14、istral is full of praise. In his later years, the success of the Insects won him the reputation of the insects of the insects and the Virgil of the insects, and his achievements have been widely recognized by society. Fabre had a lot of scientific titles, but he was still as simple as being shy and

15、humble and living a life of poverty. His talent was admired by scholars at the time, including the British biologist Darwin, 1911 Nobel Prize winner - Belgian playwright Maite Linke, German writer Junger, French philosopher Bergson, poet horse Latin American, Provence writer Lumannier and so on. As

16、the Insects in the accurate record of the Fabry conducted experiments, opened the insect life and life habits of many secrets, Darwin called Faber as can not follow the observer. When he lived in Celignan, many scholars and writers went to visit him. Fabre had received Pasteur, British philosopher M

17、ir and other scholars in his own home, but with their communication is not frequent. The Minister of Public Education, Victor Druid, recommended Fabre to Napoleon III, who awarded him the Medal of Honor. French politician Raymond Pune Gala through Celignan, specifically bypassing the Great Stone Par

18、k to pay tribute to him. As a naturalist, he has left a number of animal and plant academic works, including fine grass: patents and papers, Avignons animal, block wild, As a poet, he wrote a lot of poems in the Provencal language of southern France, and was affectionately made by the locals, who ha

19、d written a number of poems, Known as the Gadfly poet. In addition, he also translated some of the works of the Provencal poet into French; spare time, he also used his own small harmonica spectrum under some small music. However, Fabre works in the longest, the most important position, the most kno

20、wn to the world is still Insect in mind. This work not only shows his scientific observation and research talent and literary talent, but also to the reader to convey his humanistic spirit and the love of life. Childhood On December 22, 1823, he was born in an ancient village of Saint-leon in the so

21、uthern province of Aqilong province in France, where he was named John Amway. Father Antonio (born in 1800), mother Fickwal (born in 1805). In 1825 (2 years old) brother Frantick was born. In 1827 (3 years old) because the mother to take care of young brother, so he from 3 years old until 6 years ol

22、d, are fostered in the village of Malabo grandfather home; here is a big farm, there are many older children than him. He is a curious, memory of the child, had self-confirmed light is seen by the eyes, and to trace out the leaves of the Ming insects are exposed grasshopper. Before going to bed like

23、 to listen to grandmother story, and cold winter night is often holding sheep to sleep. 1830 (6 years old) returned to Sa Lei Wang village, into the Li Kaer teacher run private school, in class, often pig, chicken will run into the classroom foraging. By the animal books to write down the A, B, C .

24、alphabet, interested in insects and grasses, found the black throat robin nest, made nest blue wine, the priest persuaded, the eggs returned to the original Increase the income of the family, to help take care of ducklings, responsible for rushed to the marshes, and thus found the swamp creatures an

25、d crystal, mica and other minerals. 1833 (9 years old) Fabre secondary school graduation. The family moved to the town of Rhodes, the father to operate a coffee shop for a living, into the Wang Li College, served as a ceremonial ritual and exempt from tuition. During the school, study Latin and Gree

26、k, like reading the poem of the ancient Roman poet Wilkires. 1837 (13 years old) father operating coffee shop failed, his family moved to Torres. Go to the Eskors Theological Seminary. 1838 (14 years old) fathers business failed again, moved to Montbli City, and opened a shop, away from home to sell

27、 lemon, do railway workers and other self-reliance. Used to buy more than one day wages to buy Lubu Er poetry, brought to the wilderness to read, to understand the various insects for the greatest pleasure, the first time to catch the European gill tortoise, was particularly pleased. teens 1839 when

28、 the workers. In 1840 (16 years old) due to the result of retreat was the teacher scolded and worked hard in two years to complete three years of credits, the rest of the year free learning natural history, Latin and Greek. 1842 (18 years old) after graduating from normal school, became a teacher of

29、 Calbentola primary school, the annual salary of 700 francs, due to enthusiastic teaching, well received. Father business failure, moved from the town of Bourbon to Bordeaux town. 1843 (19 years old) on the wild outside the measurement practice, the students learned that painted wall bee. But also b

30、ecause of this bee and began to read Blanche, Leo Mier and others with the arthropod, from the heart entomology. 1844 (20 years old) and colleague Marie van Jay (23 years old) married. Own learning mathematics, physics, chemistry and so on. The fathers coffee shop is closed and is temporarily workin

31、g in the tax office of the Calbentola. 1845 (21 years old) eldest daughter Elizabeth was born. 1846 (22 years old) Elizabeth died. Through the University of Montpellier math entry qualification examination. Brother francie Lectra became a primary school teacher. In 1847 (23 years old) Bachelor of Ma

32、thematics from Montbelli University. The eldest son of John was born. In 1848 (24 years old) Bachelor of Science from Montbelli University. The elder died. Appreciate the writings of Tossner (French writer) about birds. Want to go to college to teach, but no chance. Youth In 1849 (25 years old) serv

33、ed as a physics teacher at the Corsican Agger Gio National High School, with an annual salary of 1,800 francs. Facing the richness of Corsica, began to study the animals and plants. In addition, he is also very keen on mathematics. And the botanist Lukia together to climb the Corsica every mountain

34、collection of plants. In 1856 (32 years old), he studied the experimental physiology of the French bachelor. Continue to study high nose bee, short winged turnip and other insects, but because of hardships, research time is not much. Part-time tutoring, tutor and other staff, began to study by the m

35、adder extract dyes. 1857 (33 years old) May 21, in the striped bees nest found short-winged turnip larvae, and published turn of the twigs of insects metamorphosis papers, also published a paper on the plant. 1858 (34 years old) that no property can not become a university professor, dedicated to th

36、e study of madder dyes. 1859 (35 years old) Darwin In the book Species Origin, the praise of Fabre is a rare observer. The second man was born. Served as curator of the museum. Inspector Dereks visit, met with the botanist Dura Kel, and later with the British economist Miller, who lives in Yawernon,

37、 became known as a plant. 1862 (38 years old) by Anseit published primary school with books. Knowing the president of the Paris publishing house, he was encouraged by his determination to write an easy-to-understand scientific book. In 1863 (39 years old) three men love the birth of the United State

38、s, Germany stay by the Minister of Education. 1865 (41 years old) Dengduduan in distress, the bacteriologist Pasteur visit, by the De La Clap published sky, earth and other scientific books. In 1866 (42 years old), the dyestuffs were extracted directly from the madder, and was appointed as a profess

39、or of physics at the University of Arizona. In 1867 (43 years old) the contribution to Yavignon was affirmed by the Canyier Prize for the prize of 9,000 francs. 1868 (44 years old) As a result of the recommendation of the Minister of Education, the Commissioner of the United States, and the Napoleon

40、 III. As a lecturer in natural science lectures at night. Will study the success of the madder dyes industrialization. Soon after the establishment of the factory, Germany completed the chemical synthesis of garlic thiamine dyes, madder dyes industrial dream and thus burst. Public lectures were taug

41、ht by conservative educators, church opposition, then dismissed the normal school teaching. In 1869 (45 years old), under the instigation of the conservatives, Deutsche resigned from the post of Minister of Education. middle aged Olan Old Age 1870 (46 years old) to Miller loan, moved to the Oulan on

42、. Raising a family of seven, a heavy burden. Fortunately, scientific publications have been published, can pay back a little money. In 1871 (47 years old) lived a book to observe the life of insects. This year, because the occurrence of moral, French war, can not be royalties and royalties on time,

43、life is more difficult. In 1872 (48 years old) As a result of the introduction of Derek Yee, the chemist Tima presented a microscope. 1873 (49 years old) Miller died. Was forced to resign from the post of director of the museum, to protest. Won the silver medal by the Paris Society for the Protectio

44、n of Animals, the books on mathematics, plants and physics have come out. In 1877 (53 years old) male Jur died, the three bees to be found in the Seoul Latin Voliwow were named Vulvosto soil habitat bee, Livestock Point. 1878 (54) because of Judes death, suffered a blow, the body is also worse than

45、before. Infected pneumonia almost died, fortunately with strong willpower to weather the storm. 1879 to complete the Insects in mind, Volume 1 (the original content includes: the feces of the sacred feces of the turtle, catch the worms of the tumor soil habitat bees, catch short winged turtles Sri L

46、anka Road, Doug, etc.). The Age of Alamas 1879 (55 years old) finally more than 20 years of observation data compiled Insect in the first volume. Because the landlord will Oulan home in front of the two rows of Platanus cut off, anger and move. In the village of Longirini to find the ideal home, nam

47、ed Almaas (the meaning of the wasteland), Almass courtyard there are many drought-resistant, prickly plants, is a variety of insects paradise. On April 3, the first edition of Insects was published by De La Claps Press. Later, every three years to publish a book. 1880 (56 years old) Faber with a sma

48、ll sum of money saved in the vicinity of the town to buy an old house is located in the wasteland. He took the local Provence language to take a funny number - desolate garden. At that time science books were very popular and some were designated as textbooks. In the arctic garden of the leaves of t

49、he leaves, found a large number of flowers latent turtle larvae, so began to study the observation of their lives, the retired soldiers Fabina served as his assistant. 1881 (57 years old) was designated as a member of the Paris bachelor (local member). 1882 (58 years old) Insects book 2 published. T

50、he old father moved to live with him. 1885 (61 years old) wife Mary died (64 years old). Three women Aleya female on behalf of the mother, to deal with housework. Began to watercolor painted mushroom map. In 1887 (63 years old) married to Josephine Dautier (23 years old) in the village of Longirini.

51、 Become a member of the French Entomological Society and receive the Dirkers Prize for the Society. 1888 (64 years old) Josephine produced four male Boer. In 1889 (65 years old) by the French academy of the highest honor of the Bu Ge Er Er Meng Award, won 10,000 francs. 1890 (66 years old) five wome

52、n born. 1891 (67 years old) four women born off Lei Lei children. In 1892 (68 years old) was awarded honorary member of the Belgian Entomological Society. In 1893 (69 years old) father Antonioni died (93 years). Began to study the great moths incredible ability to find male moths can be found from t

53、he distant place female moth, is issued by the female moth a message divergence, that is similar to todays so-called hormones, Faber called moths Gathered at home on May 6 for the big moth night, had the larvae of the larvae baked to eat, and fired artillery to test cicada hearing. In 1894 (70 years

54、 old) was awarded honorary member of the French Entomological Society. Began to observe the fecal turtles, half a man dung turtle, bird beak weevil and big scorpion habit. In 1895 (73 years old) female female Anna was born. In 1897 (75 years old) at the home of Almas to educate three young children,

55、 his wife Josephine also lectures. In 1898 (76 years old) female Andrei died. In 1899 (77 years old) As the market appeared a lot of imitation, he wrote the science books are no longer designated as textbooks, royalties are reduced, life again in trouble. In 1902 (80 years old) in order to raise thr

56、ee children, began to remove the royalties and royalties stored in the press, won the honorary member of the Russian Entomological Society. 1905 (82 years old) French school awarded the Guinness Prize, received pension 3000 francs. 1907 (84 years old) Insects book 10 issue, but poor sales. Dr. Le Gruel proposed the celebration of the 30th anniversary of the publication of Insects and found that Fabers life was harder tha