2012年12月英语四级真题试卷第1套

1、201212月英语四试卷Part(30 Forthispart, youareallowed30minutestowriteashort essay EducationPays based201212月英语四试卷Part(30 Forthispart, youareallowed30minutestowriteashort essay EducationPays basedon theisticsheklyearningsin 2010).Pleasegivea briefdescription of andthenmakecommentsonit. Youshould eastwordsbu

2、t no n 1801EducationPart Reading(Skimmingand(15 his part, you will have 15 minutes to go over the passage quickly and the questions on Answer Sheet 1. For questions 1-7, choose the best answer the four marked A), B), C) and D). For questions 8-10, complete withtheinformationheThe tSteveJobsledisonly

3、justWhen it came to putting on a show, nobody he computer industry, or otherindustrytmatter,could matchSteveJobs.His productlaunches,atwhichwould stand alone on a black stage and produce as if an incredible electronic gadget (小器皿) in front of an amazed crowd, were the The tSteveJobsledisonlyjustWhen

4、 it came to putting on a show, nobody he computer industry, or otherindustrytmatter,could matchSteveJobs.His productlaunches,atwhichwould stand alone on a black stage and produce as if an incredible electronic gadget (小器皿) in front of an amazed crowd, were the of master showman. All s fetch and work

5、 with numbers, he once t fast enough and the results appear to . Mr Jobs, who died o elegantly designed, easy-to-aged 56, spent his life tThe reaction to his death, with people leaving candles and flowers outside stores and something ns singing praises on ernet, is t Mr Jobs eore n just a clever mon

6、ey-maker. He stood waysas a technologist, as a corporate (公司的) leaderand as somebody who was able make peoplelovedpreviously been al,functionalgadgets. Strangely,is this last t may have the deepest effect on the way people live. The era altechnologyanywaysjustAs a technologist, Mr Jobs was different

7、 because he was not an engineertwas his great strength. Instead he was erested in product design and (美学), akingadvancedtechnologysimpletouse.Herepeatedlytookanbut half-formed ideathe mouse-driven computer, the digital music player, the smartphone, the tablet computer (平板电脑)and showed the rest of th

8、e industry how to do it properly. Rival firms competed with each other to follow where he led. In s he brought about great changes in computing, s and the twerepainfulforexistingfirmsedbymillionsofhe wider business world, a man who liked to see himself as a hippy(嬉皮士permanently in revolt against big

9、 companies, ended up being hailed by many of corporate giantsasoneof thegreatestchief executives ofhist waspartly duehis talents: showmanship, strategic , an astonishing attention to detail and orial management style which manyses must have envied. But most of all it was the extraordinary trajectory

10、 (轨迹) of his life. His fall from grace in the followed by his return to Apple in 1996 he wilderness, is an to any whosecareer has takena turnfor theworse.Theway inrJobs revived the failing company he had co-founded and turned o the biggest tech firm (bigger n Bill , the t outsmarted Apple so dramati

11、cally in the 1980s), sounds like something from HollywoodBut what was perhaps most astonishing about Mr Jobs was the oyalty managed to inspire in customers. Many Apple users feel themselves to be part of community, with Mr Jobs as its leader. And there aal link. products were designed to accord with

12、 ss tastes and to meet his extremely standards. or MacBook has his rs all over it. His achievement was to combine an emotional spark with computer technology, and the resulting product al. t is what put Mr Jobs on the right side history, as technological innovation (创新) has moved past decade.o consu

13、mer electronics over As our l report in this e ed before Mr Jobss death) innovation used to spill over from military and aboratories to the market, but y this s has o reverse. Manyachievement was to combine an emotional spark with computer technology, and the resulting product al. t is what put Mr J

14、obs on the right side history, as technological innovation (创新) has moved past decade.o consumer electronics over As our l report in this e ed before Mr Jobss death) innovation used to spill over from military and aboratories to the market, but y this s has o reverse. Many peoples homes now erful, a

15、nd more flexible, n their do; consumer gadgets online are smarter and easier to n most companies systems. roducts are being adopted by ernment and the armed .Companies are employing in-house vers of stores to deliver software to employees. Doctors use in hospitals. Meanwhile, the number of consumers

16、 swell. Apples products are now being snapped upand and creating their own tablet computers for their gry for such gadgets continues and Dalian just as in Mr Jobs had a ionas acontrol freak (怪人), and hiscritics t productsandsystemshedesignedwereclosed andhenameof greater of use. Yet he also ered mil

17、lions of y giving them s to cutting-technology.Hisinsistenceonputting,andfocusingoneleganceandlongeredeep-rooted in his owncompany, and is spreading to rival firms too. It is tdesignersask:WhatwouldSteveJobsn Apple and other tech firms is now likely to narrow. The gap announcement of a by a manageme

18、nt team led by Tim Cook, who Mr Jobs as chief executive in August, was generally regarded as competent but uninspiring.WithoutMr Jobs to showerhisstar dust on the event, itfelt like just product launch from just another technology firm. At the recent unveiling of a computer by ezos of Amazon, whose

19、company ng the best job of Apples lead in combining hardware, software, content and in an easy-to-bundle, there were several attacks at Apple. But ng his best to e Mr Jobs, Bezos also flattered(抬举) him. With Mr Jobs gone, Apple is just one of many technology firms trying to arouse his uncontrollable

20、 spirit in new products.Mr Jobs was said by an engineer in the early years of Apple to emit a distortion ) field, such were ers of . he end he created realityofhisown,channellingof o td industries. The man who said in his thewanted to put a he did 1WelearnfromtnobodycouldmatchSteve Jobs inB) D)Whatd

21、idSteveJobstmostdeeplyaffectedpeopleswayofHeinventedlotsoffunctionalHekeptimprovingcomputerC)Hestartedtheeraal D)HeestablishedanewstyleofWheredidMrJobssgreat?A)HisprofoundinsightonsumersneedsWhatdidSteveJobstmostdeeplyaffectedpeopleswayofHeinventedlotsoffunctionalHekeptimprovingcomputerC)Hestartedth

22、eeraal D)HeestablishedanewstyleofWheredidMrJobssgreat?A)HisprofoundinsightonsumersneedsinB)Hiserestindesigningelegantanduser-friendlyC)HisfirmdeterminationtohecompetitionagainsthisD)His owledgeasacomputerscientistandelectronicManycorporategiants saw SteveJobs as A)oneofthegreatestchiefexecutivesofhi

23、sB) a hecontemporarybusinessC)anunbeatablehecomputerD)themostadmirableodaysFor those who have suffered failures in business, Steve Jobss life A)aB) a C) an D) anWhatwasthemostastonishingpartofMrcA)Heturnedafailingoa Heset allinkswithmanyofhisdedoyaltyfromAppleD)HelefthisWhatissalloverApplehiseslrepo

24、rtaboutinnovationA)Itbenefitsciviliansnthehe NewproductsManynewappearonD) ItheconsumerInspiteof theuser-friendlinessof Apple products,criticst they Amazon, by having hardware, software, content and servi easy-to-usebundle,didthebestjobinfollowingApplesin an10. By channelling of o products, Steve Job

25、s had succeeded in Part Amazon, by having hardware, software, content and servi easy-to-usebundle,didthebestjobinfollowingApplesin an10. By channelling of o products, Steve Jobs had succeeded in Part SectionListening(35 his section, you will hear 8 short conversations and 2 long conversations. At of

26、 each conversation, one or more questions will be asked about what said. Both the conversation and the questions will be spoken only once. After question there will be a pause. During the pause, you must read the four choi marked A), B), C) and D), and decide which is the best answer. Then mark thec

27、orrespondingletteronAnswerSheet2singlelinethroughthe2A)Heneeds kfortheB)TheingwascompletedC)ThebuildingwontopenuntilD)HisartisticworkhasbeenwellA) GoC) ing.B)Decoratehisent.anizea ShetalkedwithMr.WrightontheSheisabouttocallMr.WrightsC)Shewill seeMr. ch D)Shefailedtor.A) He uallyveryB)Hehasdifficulty

28、finishinghis C)Heneedstospendmorehe D) HelstheboutRulesrestrictingWaystoquitSmokershealthD)HazardsofpassiveHeisoutoftownall HeistiedupinfamilyHehasbeenwritingaD)HazardsofpassiveHeisoutoftownall HeistiedupinfamilyHehasbeenwritingaHehasgotmeetings to Heisnoteasy-HeistheC)HeishomeD)Heseldominvitespeopl

29、etohisA)TakeaRefuelhisAsktheD) Have acupofQuestions19to21arebasedontheconversationyouhavejustTheyareasgoodashistoricalTheygiveyoungstersaTheyhavey.D)They arencomicsonTheeffectswereveryTheactingwasjustso-Theplotwas tooThecharacterswereA)TheytriumphedyoverheTheyplayedthesameroleinWaroftheTheyarepopula

30、rfiguresamongyoungD)Theyaretwoleadinghe Questions22to25arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust22. A)ItisscheduledonThursday B) ItpedtolastIttakesplaceonceItusuallystartsatA)TomakegooduseofherspareheB)TomeettherequirementsIttakesplaceonceItusuallystartsatA)TomakegooduseofherspareheB)Tomeettherequirement

31、sofherin-serviceC)ToimproveherdrivingskillsasquicklyD)TogetsomebasicknowledgeA)ParticipateingrouparB)TaketurnstomakeListentotheteachersAnswertheteachersMostofthemareSomehaveapart-timeTheyplantobuyanewAfewofthemareoldSectionhis section, you will hear 3 short passages. of each passage, you hear some q

32、uestions. Both the passage and the questions will be spoken only After you hear a question, you must choose the best answer from the four choi marked A), B), C) and D). Then mark the corresponding letter on Answer Sheet 2singlelinethroughthe2PassageQuestions26to29arebasedontheconversationyouhavejust

33、A)SheisnotgoodatmakingSheisnotwell SheenjoysShelikestogotoconcerts27. A)Theirsimilarl B) C)TheirD)TheiridenticalA)InvitePattoaliveBuysomegiftsforPatsHelpD)TheiridenticalA)InvitePattoaliveBuysomegiftsforPatsHelptakecareofPatsPayforPatsseason29. A) Itcan B) Itcan benpeoplebigdifferenceainedamongpeople

34、ofdifferentageItcannotlastlongwithoutsimilarfamilyItcannotbesustainedwhenfriendsmovefarPassageQuestions 30to32arebasedonthepassageyouhavejustPriorityofstudentsacademicEqualeducationopportunitiestoallC) lequalitynteachersandD)RespectforstudentsTohelpthemacquirehands-onTotrytocutdownitsoperationalTopr

35、ovidepart-timejobsforneedyToenablethemtolearntotakePassageQuestions33to35arebasedonthepassageyouhavejust33. A)ThebestwaytoworkthroughafingerB) ng betterinfrontofanC)Researchershavingcontributedy to D)Improvementsontheclassificationofhuman34. A)Whenyoufeelencouragedby theB)Whenyoutrytofigureoutaconfu

36、singC)WhenyoualreadyknowhowtodoD)Whenyoucompletewith35. A)PracticingB)WorkingbyeopleinaC)LearningD)Usingproven35. A)Itispartofeveryday C)ItisyettobefullyB)C)WhenyoualreadyknowhowtodoD)Whenyoucompletewith35. A)PracticingB)WorkingbyeopleinaC)LearningD)Usingproven35. A)Itispartofeveryday C)Itisyettobef

37、ullyB)ItisauniquehumanD) ItordinarySectionhissection,youwillsagethreetimes.Whenthepassageisreadfortime, you should listen carefully for its general idea. Whenthe passage is for the second time, you are required to he s numbered from 36 to with the exact words you have just heard. For s numbered from

38、 44 to 46 are required to he missing information.For these s, you can either the exact words you have just heard or write down the main s in your words. Finally, when the passage is read for the third time, you should check youhave2Americans today have different eating n they he past. There is wide

39、(36) offoodavailable.Theyhaveabroader37)ofnutrition营养they buy morefresh fruitand(38) neverbefore.Atthesametime,tiesoftsandistics t the way people live (40) the way they eat. Americanlifestyles have changed. There are now growing numbers of people who live alone, parents and children, ande s. These c

40、hanging lifestyles (42) for the increasing number of people who must (43) meals orsometimes simply go without them. Many Americans have less n ever before spend preparing food. (44) . Moreover, eatoutnearlyfourtimeskIt is easy to study the amounts and kinds of t people consume. . This information no

41、t ls us what are eating, but ls us about the changes in attitudes and tastes. . Instead, chicken, turkey and fish have more popular. Sales of these foods have grey increased in recent years.ePart Reading(Readingin(25 Sectionhis section, there sage with ten s. You are required to select word for each

42、 from a list of given in a word following passage. Read the passage through carefully beforePart Reading(Readingin(25 Sectionhis section, there sage with ten s. You are required to select word for each from a list of given in a word following passage. Read the passage through carefully before making

43、 your . he is identified by a letter. Please mark the corresponding letter each item on Answer Sheet 2 single line through the centre. You may useanyofthe he nQuestions47to56arebasedonthefollowingFrench fries, washed down with a of soda, are a favorite part of fast-ches and dinners for millions of A

44、merican youngsters. But 47- a cue from health experts, a group of 19 restaurant companies are pledging to offer more-healthful options for children at a time when -48- is growing over the role of fast food in Burger King, the nations second-largest fast food chain, for instance, will -49- automatica

45、lly including French fries and soda in its kids meals starting this month, although they will still be -50-. Instead, the company said Tuesday, its employees will ask parents whether they -51- such options as milk or sliced apples before themeals.“Wereaskingthecustomersto-52-whattheywant,”saidCraigP

46、rusher,chainsernmentrelations.articipatingchains,-53-options,includingDennys,Chilis,FriendlysandAs part oftheKids Liven-expectedtobe announced -54-participating restaurants must promise to east one childrens sn 600 calories(卡路里), no soft drinks east two -55- from the foodgroups:fruits,vegetables,who

47、legrains,leanproteinsorlow-fatdairy.Amongrequirements, they must offer a side t meets similar -56-, with n caloriesandn35%ofitscaloriesfrom2I) G)O) SectionThere are 2 his section. Each passage is followed by some questions unfinished ements. For each of them there are four marked A), G)O) SectionThe

48、re are 2 his section. Each passage is followed by some questions unfinished ements. For each of them there are four marked A), B), andD). You should decide on the best choice and mark the corresponding letter AnswerSheet2 singlelinethroughthePassageQuestions57to61arebasedonthefollowingAsyouareprobab

49、lyaware,thelatestjobmarketsnewsisntgood:Unemploymentstill n 9 percent, and new job growth has fallen close to ts bad for economy, of course. And it may be lly discouraging if you happen to be for a job or to change careers right now. But it actually shouldnt matter to nearlyasmuchasyou ts because jo

50、b growth numbers dont matter to ters as much as turnover (更替) data. After all, existing jobs open up every day due to promotions, resignations, terminations(解雇), and retirements. (Yes, people are retiring even in economy.) In both good times and bad, turnover creates more n growth does. Even in June

51、 of 2007, when the economy was still moving ahead, job growth was only 132,000, while turnover was 4.7 million!And as it turns out, even today with job growth near zero over 4 million job ters are being hired every month.Idontmeantotoveralljobgrowthveanimpactononesto land a job. Its t if total emplo

52、yment were higher, itwould mean more jobs all of us to choose from (and compete for). And its t there are currently people applying for each available job opening, regardless of whether its a new one or But what often distinguishes those who land jobs from those who dont is their ability to stay mot

53、ivated. Theyre willing to do the hard work of identifying their valuable skills; be creative about where and how to look; learn how to present themselves to potential employers; and keep going, even after repeated rejections. Bureau of Labor S istics data shows t 2.7 million people who wanted and av

54、ailable for work hadnt looked within the last four classified as unemployed.ks and were no longer So dont let the headlines fool o giving up. Four million people get everyheU.S.Youcanbeoneof2Theauthortendstotrate A)deprivesmanypeopleof jobpreventsmanypeopleeveryheU.S.Youcanbeoneof2Theauthortendstotr

55、ate A)deprivesmanypeopleof jobpreventsmanypeoplefromchangingshouldnotstoppeoplefromlookingforadoesnotmeantheU.S.economyisworsening Where do most job openings come from?A) JobC)ImprovedB) JobD)BusinessWhatdoestheauthorsayaboutoveralljobA)ItvemucheffectonindividualjobB)ItincreasespeoplesheC)Itgivesara

56、y ofhopetotheD)ItdoesntmeangreaterjobsecurityfortheWhatisthekeytolanding ajobaccording totheA)C)D) WhatdowelearnfromthepassageabouttheunemploymentA)Theyclearlyindicatehowhealthytheeconomyhe B)TheyprovidethepublicwiththelatestC)TheywarnofthestructuralheD)TheyexcludethosewhohavestoppedlookingforaPassa

57、geQuestions62to66arebasedonthefollowingOur risk of cancer rises dramatically as we age. So it makes sense should be routinely screened for new tumors or doesnt it?t the While such vigilant(警觉的)tracking of cancer is a good thing in general, researchers are increasingly questioning whether all of this

58、 testing is sary for the elderly. the percentage of people over age 65 expected to nearly y 2050, its important weighthehealthbenefitsofscreeningagainsttherisksandcostsofroutineany cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the themselves may be slow-growing and may eserious heal

59、th weighthehealthbenefitsofscreeningagainsttherisksandcostsofroutineany cases, screening can lead to surgeries to remove cancer, while the themselves may be slow-growing and may eserious health problems in remaining years. But the t everyone must screen for cancer e twhen health care t nder 50 and 7

60、4 stop screening for breast cancer, it caused a riotous reaction among doctors, patients and advocacy groups.Its hard to uproot deeply held fs ancer screening with scientific Certainly, there are people over age 75 who have had cancers detected by routine screening,andgainedseveralextrayearsoflifebe