美国文学期末考试试卷及答案

1、20092010学年第一学期美国文学期末考试试卷（A卷）适用班级_考试时刻120分钟学院班级学号姓名题四五_六七八九总分分数得分I.ChooseTENofthefollowingworksandwritethenamesoftheauthors.(10%)1.Octopus(Maggie,AGirloftheStreets(Babbitt(WhiteFang(“LegendofSleepyHollowMyAntonia(“Birches”(PoorRichardsAlmanac(LightinAugust(10.TwiceToldTales10.TwiceToldTales(11.TheDec

2、larationofIndependence11.TheDeclarationofIndependence(12.RipVanWinkle”(13.Nature(12.RipVanWinkle”(13.Nature(TheSongofHiawath(a)UncleTomsCabin()TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFinTheSongofHiawath(a)UncleTomsCabin()TheAdventuresofHuckleberryFin(nSisterCarrie(TheWasteLand(ForWhomtheBellToll(sTheEmperorJone(s

3、)II.ChooseFIVEofthefollowingandfillintheblanks.(10%)1.wasoneofthefoundersoftheJamestowncolonyinVirginiain1607andisknownforhisworkdescribingthecolonies.wasadeterminedrevolutionarywhoseworkhelpedthecauseoftheAmericanRevolutionconsiderably,butwholosthispopularitylongbeforehisdeath.Thetermreferstothegro

4、upofpeople,someofthemimportanttoAmericanliterature(especiallysecularessaywriting),wholedtheAmericanRevolutionandhelpedcreatetheearlyAmericanRepublic.wasanearlyformofhorrorfictionthatoriginatedin18thcenturyEuropeandwasverypopularinAmericaduringtheRomanticPeriod.,knownforherdeeplypersonalpoemsandradic

5、allydifferentpoeticthemesandform,didntachievefameasapoetuntillongafterherdeath.ThefirstofAmericanliteraturewasnotwrittenbyanAmerican,butby,aBritishcaptain,whothusbecamethefirstAmericanwriter.hasbeenentitledthe“FatherofAmericanPoetry.wasthefirstgreatprosestylistofAmericanromanticism,authorofthefirstA

6、mericanshortstoriesandfamiliaressays,thefirstAmericanauthortoachieveinternationaldistinction,andhasasignificantpositioninthehistoryofAmericanliterature.isthefirstAmericanprofessionalwriterandthefirstwriterofthedetectivestoryintheworld.isalsocallednoveloftheroad,itstringstheincidentsonthelineoftheher

7、ostravel.IE.Chooseonlyoneanswerformthefourchoicesasthemostappropriateanswer.(30%)AnneBradstreetwasaPuritanpoet.WhenherpoemswerepublishedinEngland,shebecameknowasthewhoappearedinAmerica.knowasthewhoappearedinAmerica.ANinthMuseBTenthMuseCBestMuseDFirstMuseisthesometimesexaggerateduseoflocallanguage,ch

8、aractersandcustomsinregionalliterature.ApurpleproseBwaste-landimageryClocalcolorDsymbolismThefirstgreatflourishingofAfricanAmericanliteraturethatappealedtoarelativelylargeliterateBlackreadershipwasknownas.ATheHolocaustBTheHarlemRenaissanceCAbolitionismDTheCivilRightsMovementwasaleading19thcenturyfem

9、inistandoneofthecoremembersoftheTranscendentalistmovement.AMargaretFullerBSylviaPlathCHildaDoolittleDGloriaSteinWhichofthefollowingisnottypicalofmodernpoetry?AgushingsentimentalismandcomfortableimagesBabandonmentofearlierverseformsCuseoffreeverseDanefforttofindand/orexploreanewroleforthepoetinachang

10、ingworldWhowasperhapsthemostpopularofall20thcenturyAmericanpoets?AEzraPoundBWaltWhitmanCRobertFrostDAllenGinsburgTheFitzgeraldslivedsoextravagantlythattheyfrequentlyspentmoremoneythanF.ScootFitzgeraldearnedforparties,liquor,entertainingtheirfriendsandtraveling.Itwasthislivingstylethatnicknamedthedec

11、adeofthe1920sas.ATheJazzAgeBTheGildedAgeCTheRoaringAgeDTheBeatAgeWhichistrueofthe“FiresidePoets”?ATheyweregenerallystronglyinfavorofabolishingslavery.BTheyweredeeplyinvolvedintheTranscendentalistmovement.CTheywereagroupof19thcenturyNewEnglandpoetswhoweretremendouslypopularandrespectedatthetimetheywr

12、ote.DTheyopposedtotraditionandwereinfavorofradicalchange.ErnestHemingwaywasbadlywoundedinItalyandsenttoahospitalwherehefellinlovewithanurse.Thesetwopersonslaterbecamethecharactersofhisnovel.ATheOldManandtheSeaBForWhomtheBellTollsCTheSunAlsoRisesDAFarewelltoArmsTheBrahmistsorBostonBrahmi,inAmericanli

13、terature,referstoAThehighestrankingoftheHinducastes.BAmovementthatemergedfromrebellionagainstPuritanreligiousideasandsystems.CAgroupofNewEnglandwritersknownfortheirscholarshipand/orconservativephilosophy.DAschoolofimaginativewriting.WhichofthefollowingisoneofBenFranklinsfamousproverbs?A“Astitchintim

14、esavesnine”B“Godhelpsthosewhohelpthemselves”C“AFriendinneedisafriendindeed”D“Asknotwhothebelltolls,thebelltollsforthee”wasareactiontotheideasoftheAgeofReasonandtheEnlightenment.ARomanticismBRealismCNaturalismDModernismAlthoughfewofherpoemswerepublishedinherlifetimeandacompletecollectionofthemdidntap

15、pearuntilthe1950s,hadamajorimpacton20thcenturypoetry.AAnneBradstreetBGertrudeSteinCEmilyDickinsonDAmyLowellWhichofthefollowingwritersdiedanaturaldeathinhisoldage?AJackLondonBErnestHemingwayCStephenCraneDMarkTwainWhoofthefollowingisNOTa20thcenturyAmericanpoet?AHenryWordsworthLongfellowBAmyLowellCEzra

16、Pound得分true得分trueChooseTENofthefollowinganddecidewhetherthestatementsareorfalse.(10%)HawthornewasafirmbelieverinPuritanprinciplesandmournedtheirpassinginhisworks.FrederickDouglaswasamajor19thcenturyblackwriter.ThesoundofWhitmanswordscastsamagic,romanticspelloverreaders.Histoneisawesome,sadandmelanch

17、oly.Haiku,aformoftraditionalJapanesepoetry,greatlyinfluencedtheImagistmovement.LeavesofGrassisWhitmanslifework.ThanksinparttotheeffortsofEzraPound,RobertFrostwaspublishedinEnglandandquicklybecamerecognizedasamajorAmericanpoet.In1954,T.S.EliotwasawardedaNobelPrizeforhis“masteryoftheartofmodernnarrati

18、on.”Hemingwaybelievedthatamancouldfindmeaninginlifebyfacinghisdeathwithdignityandcourage.ThomasJeffersonwasfamousforpowerful,persuasiveessays,suchashispamphletCommonSense,whichpersuadedmanypeopletosupporttheAmericanRevolution.WilliamHillBrownsThePowerofSympathy,writtenin1789,isoftencalled“thefirstAm

19、ericannovel”.TheliterarymovementofAmericanromanticismwasgenerallydividedintotwostages:pre-romanticismandpost-romanticism.Realiststhoughthighlyofindividualstatusandroleintheworld.Theromanticistspreferredtheinnateorintuitiveperceptionbytheheartofman.Theythoughtthatmanwasessentiallyofgoodwill,onlytheci

20、vilizedsocietymadehimdegenerate.Theypointedout,themeanstouprootevilsandtosavemankindwashabits,andtoreturnto“1.力“naturalprimitivestate”.TheScarletLetteriscalledaneconomicalnovelbecausethereareonlythreechiefcharacters-orfourifweincludethechildPearl.PresidentLincolnpraisedAnneBradstreetas“thelittlewoma

21、nwhowrotethebookthatmadethisgreatwar.”EdgarAllanPoewrotetwopoemsbothentitled“ToHelen”.Literarynaturalismmayberegardedasthenewdevelopmentofliteraryrealism,andwassometimescalled“pessimisticrealism.”Thenaturalisticwriterswerephilosophicalpessimists.Hemingway,Pound,Cummings,DosPassos,andFitzgerald,belon

22、gtotheschoolof“BeatGeneration”.F.ScottFitzgeraldiscalledtheleaderandpoetlaureateoftheJazzAgewhowrotethenovelsoftheJazzAge.YoknapatawphasagaisanameforJohnSteinbecksnovels.“Thanatopsis”isawordBryantborrowedfromLatinmeaning“meditationondeath”.ChooseTHREEofthefollowingfragmentsandanswerthequestions.(20%

23、)Passage1Theapparitionofthesefacesinthecrowd;Petalsonawet,blackbough.Questions:Whoisthewriterofthispoem?(1%)Whatisthetitleofthispoem?(1%)WhatimagesinthispoemsuggestHaikupoetryandwhatimagesare“modern”?(2%)Whatistheeffectoftheparallelbetweenlinesoneandtwoofthepoem?Andwhatfeelingandmeaningdoesthepoemex

24、presstoyou?(2%)Passage2Itwaslateandeveryonehadleftthecafeexceptanoldmanwhosatintheshadowtheleavesofthetreemadeagainsttheelectriclight.Inthedaytimethestreetwasdusty,butatnightthedewsettledthedustandtheoldmanlikedtositlatebecausehewasdeafandnowatnightitwasquietandhefeltthedifference.Questions:Thispart

25、isfromthenovel,writtenby.(2%)Whydoestheoldmangetdrunkeverynightandwhydidhecommitsuicide?(2%)Whatdoestheyoungwaiterthinkoftheoldmanandhowdoeshetreathim?(3%)Passage3IwenttothewoodsbecauseIwishedtolivedeliberately,tofrontonlytheessentialfactsoflife,andseeifIcouldnotlearnwhatithadtoteach,andnot,whenIcam

26、etodie,discoverthatIhadnotlived.Ididnotwishtolivewhatwasnotlife,livingissodear;nordidIwishtopractiseresignation,unlessitwasquitenecessary.Iwantedtolivedeepandsuckoutallthemarrowoflife,tolivesosturdilyandSpartan-likeastoputtoroutallthatwasnotlife,tocutabroadswathandshaveclose,todrivelifeintoacorner,a

27、ndreduceittoitslowestterms,and,ifitprovedtobemean,whythentogetthewholeandgenuinemeannessofit,andpublishitsmeannesstotheworld;orifitweresublime,toknowitbyexperience,andbeabletogiveatrueaccountofitinmynextexcursion.Formostmen,itappearstome,areinastrangeuncertaintyaboutit,whetheritisofthedevilorofGod.Q

28、uestions:Thispassageistakenfromafamousworkentitled.(1%)Theauthoroftheworkis.(1%)Listbyyourselfatleastfivereasonsthattheauthorgivesforgoingtoliveinthewoods.(5%)Passage4But,ononesideoftheportal(入口)，androotedalmostatthethreshold,wasawildrose-bush,covered,inthismonthofJune,withitsdelicategems,whichmight

29、beimaginedtooffertheirfragranceandfragilebeautytotheprisonerashewentin,andtothecondemnedcriminalashecameforthtohisdoom,intokenthatthedeepheartofNaturecouldpityandbekindtohim.Questions:2.Thispartisfromthenovel,writtenby.(2%)2.Whatdoes“thewildrosebush”symbolizeaccordingtoyouropinion?(5%)Passage5Itwasm

30、anyandmanyayearago,Inakingdombythesea,Thatamaidentherelivedwhomyoumayknow.BythenameofAnnabelLee;AndthismaidenshelivedwithnootherthoughtThantoloveandbelovedbyme.Questions:Thestanzaistakenfromthepoem?(1%)Theauthorofthepoemis.(1%)Whatisthemostobviousrhetoricaldevicetheauthorusesforeffect?(4%)Passage6Th

31、ouhastanhouseonhigherect,FramedbythatmightyArchitect,Withgloryrichlyfurnished,Standspermanentthoughthisbefled.ItspurchasedandpaidfortooByHimwhohathenoughtodo.Questions:Thisstanzaistakenfromthepoemby.(2%)Whatisonesrealhouseaccordingtothepoet?(5%)ChooseTWOofthefollowingandCommentonthem.（20%）RobertFros

32、tsTheRoadNotTaken.（10%）EugeneONeillsLongDaysJourneyintoNigh（t.10%）TalkaboutAdgarAllanPoessocialoutlookandwritings（10%）CommentonHawthornesstyle.（10%）美国文学期末考试试卷A卷答案暨评分标准适用班级060511-3考试时刻120分钟ChooseTENofthefollowingworksandwritethenamesoftheauthors.（1*10=10%）1.FrankNorris2.StephenCrane3.SinclairLewis4.J

33、ackLondon5.WashingtonIrving6.WillaCather7.RobertFrost8.BenjaminFranklin9.WilliamFaulkner10.NathanielHawthorne11.ThomasJefferson12.WashingtonIrving13.RalphWaldoEmerson14.HenryWadsworthLongfellow15.HarrietBeecherStowe16.MarkTwin17.TheodoreDreiser18.Eliot19.ErnestHemingway20.EugeneONeillII.ChooseFIVEof

34、thefollowingandfillintheblanks.(2*5=10%)JohnSmithThomasPaine3.foundingfathers3.foundingfathersGothicFictionEmilyDickensonJohnSmithPhilipFreneauWashingtonIrvingEdgarAllanPoePicaresquenovelIH.Chooseonlyoneanswerformthefourchoicesasthemostappropriateanswer.(2*15=30%)1B2C3B4A5A6C7A8D9D10C11B12A13C14D15A

35、ChooseTENofthefollowinganddecidewhetherthestatementsaretrueorfalse.(1*10=10%)T2T2T3F4T5T6T7F8T9F10T11T12F13T14F15T16T17F18T19F20FChooseTHREEofthefollowingfragmentsandanswerthequestions.(20%)Passage1EzraPound(1)InAStationoftheMetro(1)Answershouldcommentontheparallelbetweenthe“modern”imagery(descripti

36、onofurbancrowdsandtransportation,loneliness)ofthefirstlineandthetraditional“Oriental”imagery(buddingflowersonatree,wetness)ofthesecondline.(2)Whatistheeffectoftheparallelbetweenlinesoneandtwoofthepoem?Describethestylisticresultoftheparallelandthefeelingsitevokes(2)Passage2Thispartiffromtheshortstory

37、“ACleanWellLightRoom”writtenbyErnestHemingway.(2)Describetheoldmanscharacterandrelateittothenihilistphilosophyexpressedinthestory.(2)Whatdoestheyoungwaiterthinkoftheoldman(andwhy)andhowdoeshetreathim?Describetheyoungmanscharacter,hislackofunderstandingoftheoldmanandthesignificanceofhowhetreatstheold

38、manasdescribedinthestory.(3)Passage3Walden(1)HenryDavidThoreau(1)Findtheanswerfromthepassage.(5)Passage4TheScarletLetter,NathanielHawthorne.(2)lifeandliberty.(5)Passage5AnnabelLee.EdgarAllanPoe.(1)repetitionorrefrains.(4)Passage6UpontheBurningofOurHouse,AnneBradstreet.(2)Onesrealhouseisinheaven,buil

39、tbythegreatarchitect,God.(5)ChooseTWOofthefollowingandCommentonthem.(20%)1.RobertFrostsTheRoadNotTaken(10%)Thispoemiswritteninclassicfive-linestanzas,withtherhymeschemea-b-a-a-bandconversationalrhythm.Thepoemseemstobeaboutthepoet,walkinginthewoodsinautumn,choosingwhichroadheshouldfollowonhiswalk.Inr

40、eality,itconcernstheimportantdecisionswhichonemustmakeinlife,whenonemustgiveuponedesirablethinginordertopossessanother.Then,whatevertheoutcome,onemustaccepttheconsequencesofoneschoiceforitisnotpossibletogobackandhaveanotherchancetochoosedifferently.Inthepoem,thepoethesitatesforalongtime,wonderingwhi

41、chroadtotake,becausetheyarebothpretty.Intheend,hefollowstheonewhichseemstohavefewertravelersonit.Symbolically,hechosetofollowanunusual,solitarylife;perhapshewasspeakingofhischoicetobecomeapoetratherthansomecommonerprofession.Buthealwaysrememberstheroadwhichhemighthavetaken,andwhichwouldhavegivenhima

42、differentkindoflife.EugeneONeillsLongDaysJourneyintoNigh(10%)LongDaysJourneyintoNightissomewhatautobiographical.TheTyronesoftheplayareinfactmodeledontheEugeneONeillfamily.ThefourmajorcharactersincludeJamesTyrone,thefather,afamousactor,anxioustobecomerichattheexpenseofhisowntalent;MaryTyrone,themothe

43、r,adrugaddict;JamieTyrone,theirelderson,andEdmundTyrone,theiryoungerson.TheMotherbecomesmentallyillbecausesheisextremelyunhappywithhermarriedlife.YoungJamielosesfaithinlife,whileEdmundthewanderercomesbackwithtuberculosis.Allthefoursufferfrustrationsandwishtoescapefromtheharshreality,JamesandJamieloo

44、kforsolaceintheircups,whileMaryandEdmundseektheprotectionofthefogwhichtheyhopewouldscreenthemfromtheintrusionoftheworldoutside.Theymeetinthelivingroomofthefamilyssummerhomeat830a.m.ofadayinAugust,1912,andtormentoneanotherandthemselvesuntilmidnight.Thefatherisangrywiththemotherforherdrugaddiction,the

45、motherwithhissonsforbeinggoodfornothing,andthesonswiththeirparentsfornotbeinggoodparents.Allaretorninawarbetweenloveandhate,andnooneissurewhichisthestrongeremotion.Lifeistoopainfulforthemeventotryandmakesenseofit.EdmundsdesperateadviceinfaceofthehorribleburdenofTimeweighingonpeoplesshouldersandcrush

46、ingthemtotheearthistolosefeelingintheircupsandstayalwaysdrunk.Thusthelongdayjourneysintonightwhenthetragedyofthefamilyisfinallyenacted.Noreliefisfelt,nolightisseen,andallendsintheengulfingdarkness.Inafigurativesense,LongDaysJourneyintoNighfsametaphorforEugene0Neillslifelongendeavortofindtruthandthew

47、aytoacceptance.Theformerhefound,namely,thefaithless,fragmentarynatureofmodernlife,whereasthelatterhedidnot;forhimallpassedintonight.IndespairEugeneONeillthoughtoftheoldGodoftheCatholicchurchonwhich,itisironicaltonot,hehadturnedhisbacklongbefore.TalkaboutAdgarAllanPoessocialoutlookandwritings(10%)Poe

48、admiredaristocraticsociety,distrustedthelevelingtendencyofdemocracy,andexpressedcontemptforupliftmovementsofprogress(提咼社会地位的进步运动).HedeploredAmericasincreasingindustrialization.Inhismoresardoniccommentsondemocracy,hesaysthatitamountstothetyrannyofamob.Hecouldbeassociatedwiththoseliterarymeninthe1840s

49、and1850s,whobecame,inMelvilleswords,isolates(孤僻者，与世隔间者)，”whowere(atleastintheory)divorcedfromsociety.YetPoescriticismofcontemporaryAmericacutdeeperthanthatofhiscontemporaries,causinganisolationmorenearlyabsolutethantheirs(seeHawthorne).Hewasmoreinterestedinredeemingandrefininglanguage.Hewascalledthe

50、greatliteraryengineer.Poealsodramatizesforuswhathasbeencalledthedemonicsideofthenineteenthcentury.Histalesarefilledwithassassinationandnon-escape,withviolenceanddeath.Manyofhischaractersareobsessedwithafearofdeath.Someofthemstrivetocomebackfromthetomb;othersareterrifiedofbeingburiedaliveorinfactareb

51、uriedalivelikeMadelineinTheFalloftheHouseofUsher.Thetwoobsessionsarepartofageneralfearofretainingconsciousnessinaworldthatisdead.Poewaspreoccupiedwiththedisintegrationofculture,withdecadence.Hegivesusavisionofdehumanizedman.Poescharactersaredeadtotheworld,machinesofsensationandwill.Theyarenotwilling

52、toliveintheirownskins.ForPoescharacters,thebodyisameremachine.Itrefusestobereconciledtothefleshanditsmortalfate.Asaconsequence,Poescharactersinsistonlivingwithanintensityandfearthathasnorelationtothelimitationsimposedbybiologicalandphysicallaws.Theydonotseemtoeatordrink,theydonotwork.Occasionallythe

53、yreadorplayonmusicalinstruments.Theyareconstantlymusingabouttheirlives.Theyspeaktoeachotherintenselyandwithpassion.Theyliveonlyintheirheadsallamatterofintellectandimagination.Poestypicalheroinesareusuallyafflictedwithmysteriousdiseases.Theyvisiblywasteawaybeforetheirloverseyes.Theirloversorhusbandsc

54、anseethattheyareperishingandtheheroinesthemselvesarethoroughlyawareofit,buttheprocesscannotbehalted.Buttheyarenotwillingtoletgooftheirlovers.Hischaractersfearthefinalmoment,whichconstantlythreatensthemwhiletheyarealive,sincetheyhavenocontactwiththeworldofnatureorwithreligion,beingjustsheerintelligen

55、cewhichisnotconnectedwithanythingprovidinglifeorspiritualfulfillment.Onecritichaswritten:Poeisnotinterestedinanythingthatisalive.EverythinginPoeisdeadthehouses,therooms,thefurniture.DeathisapredominantthemeofPoespoetry.ThesettingofTheRaven,hismostcelebratedpoem,islikethatofhistales:theunhappy,unreso

56、lvedloversitsinanelaboratelyfurnishedroom,tryingtofindpeacefromsorrowinhisbooksandconductingacuriousdialoguewithhismidnightvisitant,ablack,deathlikesymboltheraven.Deathisalsothethemeofthecuriouspoem,Ulalume（尤拉鲁姆）andTheCityintheSea.SomeliterarycriticssuggestthatPoesintentionwastorecognizetheimpulse,a

57、lwayskepthidden,tokill,eventodoviolencetoonesownnature.YetiftheworldofPoesimaginationishauntedbydeathandifthetalesinparticularseemmorbidandobsessed,whydidtheyappealtotheaudienceofPoesday?Andcantheyhaveanythingtosaytous?Theanswerwouldhavetobethatinspiteoftheirfantasticcharactertheydo,atsomelevel,reve

58、alwhatwasgoingoninthepsycheofnineteenthcenturyman.SomethinglikeadisintegrationofpersonalitywasoccurringinPoeslifetime,andthestrangehorrorsthatPoedescribedproducedsomeechoesinthethoughtsofhiscontemporaries.Hisaudiencehadacravingforthesensationalandtheshocking.Writersandsensitivethinkerssawmanasspirit

59、uallygutted）,beingpushedintoaninsane,inhumanworldcreatedbytherapidlygrowingprocessofindustrialization.Strangelyenough,however,Poehadafascinationwiththepowerofreason,despitehisemphasisontheirrational.InstorieslikeTheMurdersintheRueMorgueandThePurloinedLetter,reasonisappliedtothesolutionofabafflingcri

60、me.EvenafewofPoestalesofnightmareterrorcometohappyendingspreciselybecausetheherocanthinkhiswaythroughaproblem.ThoughtheheroofThePitandthePendulumcannot,byhisunaidedefforts,savehimselffromthedeathintendedforhim,heuseshisheadtokeephimselfaliveuntilhelpfromtheoutsidecomes.Infact,onekindofPoescharacters