数学专业英语词汇(S)

1、数学专业英语词汇(S)sadmissibles容许的smatrixs矩阵saddlepoint鞍点saddlepointmethod鞍点法salientangle凸角salientpoint折点saltusfunction跳跃函数sample样本samplecorrelationcoefficient样本相关系数samplecorrelationmatrix样本相关阵samplecovariance样本协方差samplecovariancematrix样本协方差阵sampledispersion样本方差samplefunction样本函数samplemean样本均值samplemedian样本

2、中位数samplemoment样本矩samplepoint样本点samplequartile样本四分位数samplesize样本的大小samplespace样本空间samplesurvey样本甸sampleunit抽样单位samplevariable样本变量samplevariance样本方差sampling抽样samplingdistribution样本分布samplingerror抽样误差samplingfraction抽样比samplinginspection抽样检查samplingmethod抽样法samplingmoment样本矩samplingratio抽样比samplingsur

3、vey样本甸samplingunit抽样单位sarrusrule萨律法satisfiable可满足的satisfy满足saturatedset浸润集saturatedsubset浸润子集saturatedvertex饱和顶点saturationcurve饱和曲线scalar纯量scalarcurvature纯量曲率scalardensity纯量密度scalarfield纯量场scalarflowofvectorfield向量场的纯量流scalarmatrix纯量阵scalarmultiplication纯量乘法scalarproduct纯量积scalarquantity纯量scalartrip

4、leproduct纯量三重积scalarvaluedfunction纯量值函数scalarvaluedmap纯量值映射scale图度scalefactor标度因子scalemark分核度scaleparameter尺度参数scaletransformation标度变换法scalenetriangle不规则三角形scalenohedron偏三角面体scalenoustriangle不规则三角形scatter散布scatterdiagram散布图scatteredset无核集scattergram点状图scatteringtheory散射理论schaudertheorem肖德不动点定理schedu

5、lingandproductionplanning生产计划理论schedulingproblem日程计划问题schematicdiagram简图scheme模式schlicht单叶的schlichtdomain单叶域schlichtfunction单叶函数schlichtmapping单叶映射schlichtsurface单叶曲面schmidtorthogonalization施密特正交化法schwartzspace施瓦尔兹空间schwarzformula施瓦尔兹公式schwarzinequality施瓦尔兹不等式scope辖域screw螺旋体searchprocess搜她程secant正割s

6、ecantcurve正割曲线secondaxiomofcountability第二可数公理secondboundarycondition诺伊曼边界条件secondboundaryvalueproblem诺伊曼问题secondcomparisontest第二比较检验secondcomponent第二分量secondcountabilityaxiom第二可数公理secondderivative二次导数secondfactor第二因子secondfundamentalform第二基本形式secondlimittheorem第二极限定理secondvariation第二变分secondarydiago

7、nal次对角线secondaryextremal配连极值secondaryobstruction第二障碍section截口sectionfunctor截面函子sectiongraph部分等距算子sectionalarea截面积sectionalcurvature截面曲率sector扇形sectorialharmonic扇低函数secularequation长期方程sedenion十六元数segment线段segmentofacircle弓形segmentofacurve弧段segmentation分割selection选择selfadjointboundaryvalueproblem自伴边值问

8、题selfadjointdifferentialequation自伴微分方程selfadjointeigenvalueproblem自伴特盏问题selfadjointelement自伴元selfadjointlinearmapping自伴线性映射selfadjointness自伴性selfcheckingcode自校验代吗selfcomplementarygraph自补图selfconjugate自共轭的selfconjugatepartition自共轭分拆selfdual自对偶的selfdualcategory自对偶范畴selfdualgroup自对偶群selfintersectionnum

9、ber自交数selfloop自身环selforthogonalsubmodule自成正交子模selfpolarcurve自配极曲线selfpolartetrahedron自配极四面形selfpolartriangle自配极三角形selftangency自切selfweightingsample自加权样本selfadjointlinearsubspace自伴线性子空间selfadjointoperator自伴算子selfconjugatelatinsquare自共轭拉丁方selfosculatingpointofcurve曲线的自密切点semanticequivalence语义等价semanti

10、caldecisionproblem语义判定问题semanticalparadox语义悖论semantics语义学semiexact半正合的semiinterquartile半内四分位数间距semiinvariant半不变式semiinvariantexteriorderivative半不变外微分semilogarithmicrepresentation半对数表示semiadditivecategory半加性范畴semianalyticset半解析集合semiangle半角semiaxis半轴semibounded半有界的semiboundedoperator半有界算子semicircle半圆

11、semicircular半圆的semicirculardomain半圆域semicircularprotractor量角器分度规semicontinuity半连续性semicontinuous半连续的semicontinuousfunction半连续函数semicontinuum半连续统semiconvergentseries半收敛级数semicubicalparabola半三次抛物线semidefiniteeigenvalueproblem半定特盏问题semidefinitekernel半定核semidefiniteoperator半定算子semidefinitequadraticform半

12、定二次形式semidefinitevariationalproblem半定变分问题semidiameter半径semidirectproduct半直积semidiscretization半离散化semifinite半有限的semifinitetrace半有限迹semigroup半群semigroupalgebra半群代数semigroupofoperators算子半群semihereditaryring半遗传环semilinear半线性的semilinearmapping半线性映射semilinearsubstitution半线性代换semilineartransformation半线性变换s

13、emilocalring半局部环semilogarithmicdiagram半对数图semilogarithmicpaper半对数坐标纸semimagicsquare半幻方semimajoraxis半长轴semimajorant半强函数semimartingale半semimeanaxis半中轴semimetric半度量semiminoraxis半短轴semiminorant半弱函数semimodularlattice半模格semimodularity半模性seminorm半范数semiorder半有序semiorderedbanachspace半有序巴拿赫空间semiorderedset半有

14、序集semipath半通路semiperiod半周期semipolarset半极集semiprimaryring半准素环semiprimeideal半素理想semiprimitivering半本原环semiquaternion半四元数semireductive半可简约的semireflexive半自反的semireflexivespace半自反空间semireflexivity半自反性semiregularpoint半正则点semiregularspace半正则空间semiregulartopology半正则拓扑semiscalarproduct半纯量积semisimplealgebra半单代

15、数semisimplegroup半单群semisimplemodule半单模semisimplerepresentation半单表示semisimplering半单环semisimplicialcomplex半单纯复形semisimplicialmap半单纯映射semisphere半球semispherical半球的semitangent半切线semitransverseaxis半贯轴semiuniformspace半一致空间senseofrotation旋转指向senseclass指向类sensepreservingmapping保向映射sensitivityanalysis灵敏度分析sen

16、tence命题sententialcalculus命题演算sententialconnective命题联结词sententialfunction谓词separability可分离性separableclosure可分闭包separabledegree分离度separableelement可分元separableextension可分扩张separablefield可分域separablegame可分对策separablegraph可分图separablepolynomial可分多项式separablesets可分集separablespace可分空间separablestochasticpro

17、cess可分随机过程separabletopologicalspace可分拓扑空间separabletranscendentalextension可分超越扩张separate分离separatedequation分离变数方程separatedsets隔离集separatedspace分离空间separatingedge分离棱separatingplane分离平面separatingtranscendencebasis可分超越基separation分离separationaxiom分离公理separationofthezeros零点分离separationofvariables分离变量separ

18、ationprinciple分离原理separationrelation分离关系separationtheorem分离定理separator分隔符sequence序列sequenceconvergentalmosteverywhere几乎处处收敛列sequenceofarcs弧序列sequenceofcomplexnumbers复数序列sequenceofdifferences差分序列sequenceofdistinctpoints一一序列sequenceoffunctions函数序列sequenceofiterations迭代序列sequenceofnumbers数列sequenceofpa

19、rtialsums部分和列sequenceofpoints点序列sequenceofsets集序列sequenceofsigns符号序列sequencespace序列空间sequencing排序sequencingproblem日程计划问题sequent串联的sequentialanalysis序贯分析sequentialcompactness列紧性sequentialcontrol顺序控制sequentialestimation序列估计sequentiallikelihoodratiotest序贯似然比值检验sequentialprogramming顺序规划sequentialsamplin

20、g序贯抽样sequentialsamplingplan序列抽样法sequentialswitchingcircuit依次转接电路sequentialtest序贯检定sequentialwordfunction序贯字函数sequentiallycompactset列紧集sequentiallycompletespace序列完备空间serialcorrelation自相关serialcorrelationcoefficient序列相关系数series级数seriesdevelopment级数展开seriesexpansion级数展开seriesoffunctions函数级数seriessoluti

21、on级数解serpentine蛇形线servicemodel服务模型sesquilinearform半双线性形式set集setalgebra集代数setfunction集函数setofcondensationpoints凝聚点集setofcontinuumpower连续统势的集setoflimit极限集合setoflowerbounds下界集setofmeasurezero零测度集setofnumbers数集setofpoints点集setofsets集的集setofstrategies策略集setofternarynumbers三进制数集setofupperbounds上界集settheor

22、eticaddition集论的加法settheoreticimage集合论的象settheoreticintersection集论的交settheoreticoperation集论的运算settheoreticproof集论的证settheoreticunion集论的并集settheoretical集论的settheory集论settopology集论拓扑setvaluedfunctor集值函子setvaluedmapping集值映射sexadecimaldigit十六进制数字sexadecimalnotation十六进记法sexadecimalnumbersystem十六进制数系sexage

23、simalarithmetic六十进算术sexagesimalsystem六十进制sextant六分仪sextic六次曲线sexticequation六次方程shadow影shadowprice影子价格shape形状shapetheory形状理论sheaf层sheafhomomorphism层同态sheafofgermsofcontinuousfunctions连续函数的芽层sheafofplanes平面束sheaftheoretic层理论的shear剪切shearingmodulus刚性模量shearingstrain切应变shearingstress切应力sheet叶sheetsofrie

24、mansurface黎曼曲面的叶shell壳层shift移动shiftoperator位移算子shiftregister移位寄存器shilovboundary希洛夫边界shortdivision短除法shorten缩短shortening缩短shortest最短线shortestconfidenceinterval最短置信区间shortestdistance最短距离shortestpath最短道路shortestpathproblem最短道路问题shortestroute最短道路shortestrouteproblem最短道路问题side边sidecondition边条件sideelevati

25、on侧视图sieve筛sievemethod筛法sieveoferatosthenes厄拉多塞筛sigmaadditivity可列可加性sigmaalgebra代数sigmacompactspace紧空间sigmacompactness紧性sigmacompletefilter完备滤子sigmacompletelattice完全铬sigmacompletelowersemilattice完备下半格sigmacompletesemilattice完备半格sigmadiscretefamilyofsubsets子集的离散族sigmafinitemeasure有限测度sigmafunction函数s

26、igmalocallyfinitefamilyofsubsets子集的局部有限族sigmamonogenicfunction单演函数sigmaspace空间sigmacompleteness完备性sigmafieldofsets集的域sigmalattice格sigmoids形曲线sign符号signdigit符号数字signofequality等号signofinclusion包含记号signofinequality不等号signofintersection相交记号signofmultiplication乘号signofpermutation置换的符号signofsubtraction减法s

27、ignofsummation连加号signofthemembershiprelation从属关系记号signofunion并号signal信号signatureofpermutation置换的符号signednumbers带符号数signedranktest符号秩检验signedtree指定符号的树significancelevel显著性水平significanceofadeviation偏差的显著性significancetest显著性检定significant有效的significantdigit有效数字significantfigure有效数字signum正负号函数similarfigu

28、res相似形similarfunction相似函数similarmatrix相似矩阵similarorderedset相似有序集similarregion相似域similartest相似检验similartriangles相似三角形similarity相似similarityprinciple相似性原理similaritytheorem相似性定理similaritytransformation相似变换similitude相似similitudetransformation相似变换simple单的simpleabelianvariety单阿贝耳簇simplealgebra单代数simplearc

29、简单弧simplebranchpoint单分枝点simplebrokenline单折曲线simplechain简单链simplecharacter简单特贞simplecircuit简单围道simpleclosedcurve简单闭曲线simplecomponent单分量simplecompression单压缩simpleconnectedness单连通性simpleconnectivity单连通性simplecontinuedfraction正则连分数simplecontinuedfractionexpansion简单连分数展开simpleconvergence点态收敛simplecorrela

30、tioncoefficient单相关系数simplecycle简单循环simpledomain单叶域simpleeigenvalue简单特盏simpleelongation单伸长simpleevent简单事件simpleextension单扩张simpleextensionfield单扩张域simplefixedpoint单纯不动点simplefraction普通分数simplefunction单叶函数simplegraph简单图simplegroup单群simpleharmonicmotion简谐运动simplehypothesis简单假设simpleintegral单积分simpleint

31、ersectionpoint单纯交点simpleiterativemethod单迭代法simplelattice单格simpleliealgebra单李代数simplemodule单模simpleobject简单对象simplepath简单道路simplependulum单摆simplepoint单点simplepolygon简单多边形simplepolyhedron简单多面体simpleproduct简单积simplepropervalue简单特盏simplequadrilateral简单四边形simplerandomsampling简单随机样本simpleregression简单回归sim

32、pleregressioncoefficient单回归系数simplering单环simpleroot单根simplesample简单样本simplesampling简单抽样simpleseries简单级数simpleset单集simplespectrum单谱simplesurface简单曲面simpletangent单切线simpletheoryoftypes简单类型论simpletranscendentalextension单超越扩张simplex单形simplexmethod单形法simplexmultiplier单形乘数simplextableau单形表simplextheorem单形

33、定理simplicialapproximation单纯逼近simplicialcell单纯胞腔simplicialchainmapping单纯链映射simplicialcochaincomplex单纯上链复形simplicialcohomologygroup单纯上同岛simplicialcomplex单纯复形simplicialhomology单纯同调simplicialmap单形映射simplicialmappingcylinder单形映射柱simplicialpair单形对simplicialapproximationtheorem单纯逼近定理simplification简化simplif

34、iedfraction简化分数simplifiednewtonmethod简化牛顿法simplyconnectedgroup单连通群simplyconnectedregion单连通区域simplyconnectedspatialdomain单连通空间域simplyconvergentfilter单收敛滤子simplyorderedgroup全有序群simplyperiodicfunction单周期函数simplyconnecteddomain单连通域simpsonrule辛卜生法则simulation模拟simultaneity同时性simultaneousconfidenceinterval

35、s联合置信区间simultaneousdiagonalization同时对角化simultaneousdifferentialequation联立微分方程simultaneousdifferentialequations联立微分方程simultaneousequations方程组simultaneousestimation联立估计simultaneousinvariant联立不变式simultaneoussubstitution同时代入sine正弦函数sinecurve正弦曲线sinefunction正弦函数sineintegral正弦积分sineintegralfunction正弦积分函数s

36、inelaw正弦定律sinespiral正弦螺线sinetheorem正弦定理sinewave正弦波single单的singleaddress单地址的singleaddresscode一地址代码singleaddressinstruction单地址指令singleaddresssystem单地址系统singlefactormethod单因子法singlestepmethod单步法singlestepprocess单步法singlevalued单值的singlevaluedanalyticfunction单值解析函数singlevaluedcorrespondence单值对应singlevalu

37、edfunction单值函数singlevaluedoperation单值运算singlevaluedrelation单值关系singlevaluedness单值性singlevaluedmapping单值映射singlyperiodicfunction单周期函数singular奇异的singularautomorphism奇异自同构singularbivariatenormaldistribution奇异二元正态分布singularboundary奇异边界singularboundarypoint奇异边界点singularchain奇异链singularchaincomplex奇异链复形si

38、ngularcohomologygroup奇异上同岛singularcomplex奇异复形singularconic奇二次曲线singularcorrespondence奇对应singularcycle连续循环singulardistribution退化分布singularelement奇元素singularellipticfunction奇异椭圆函数singularfunction奇异函数singularfunctionofboundedvariation有界变差奇异函数singulargraph奇异图singularhomology奇异下同调singularhomologyclass奇异同

39、掂singularhomologygroup连续同岛singularintegral奇解singularintegralelement奇异积分元素singularintegralequation奇异积分方程singularkernel奇核singularlineelement奇异线素singularlinearoperator奇异线性算子singularlineartransformation奇异线性变换singularlocus奇轨迹singularmapping奇异映射singularmatrix退化阵singularoperator奇异算子singularordinal特异序数singu

40、larpart奇异部分singularplane奇异平面singularpoint奇点singularproposition特称命题singularquadric奇异二次曲面singularseries奇异级数singularsolution奇解singularspace奇异空间singularsubmodule奇子模singularsubspace奇异子空间singularsurface奇曲面singulartransformation奇异变换singularvalue奇异值singularvariationalproblem奇异变分问题singularvector奇异向量singulari

41、ty奇点sink收点sinusoid正弦摆线sinusoidal正弦的sinusoidalfunction正弦函数sinusoidallaw正弦定律sinusoidalspiral正弦螺线situation情况size样本的大小skeleton骨架skewcurve空间曲线skewderivation斜微分skewdeterminant斜对称行列式skewdistribution偏斜分布skewfield非交换域skewhermitianform斜埃尔米德型skewhermitianmatrix斜埃尔米德矩阵skewlines偏斜线skewposition歪扭位置skewquadrilater

42、al挠四边形skewsurface非可展直纹曲面skewsymmetric反对称的skewsymmetricdeterminant斜对称行列式skewsymmetricmatrix斜对称矩阵skewsymmetrictensor斜对称张量slackvariable松弛变量sliderule计算尺slidingvector滑动向量slitregion裂纹区域slope斜率slopefunction斜率函数slopeinterceptform斜截式slopeline倾斜线slopeofacurve曲线的斜率slowlyincreasingsequence缓增序列smallcircle小圆small

43、inductivedimension小归纳维数smallsample小样本smallset小集smallestelement最小元smash收缩smoothcurve平滑曲线smoothmap光滑映射smoothmorphism光滑射smoothprojectiveplanecurve光滑射影平面曲线smoothing光滑化smoothness光滑度sobolevembeddingtheorem水列夫嵌入定理sobolevspace水列夫空间sojourntime逗留时间solenoidalgroup螺线群solenoidalvectorfield螺线向量场solid立体;固体solidang

44、le立体角solidgeometry立体几何solidnspheren维球体solidofrevolution旋转体soliton孤立子soluble可解的solution解solutioncurve积分曲线solutiondomain解域solutionformula解公式solutionsetofequation方程的解集solutionspace解空间solutionsurface积分曲面solutiontree解树解答树solutionvector解向量solvability可解性solvable可解的solvableequation可解方程solvablegroup可解群solvab

45、leideal可解理想solve解sorter分类器source发点sourcefreevectorfield无源向量场sourcefunction格林函数sourceoffield场源sourceprogram源程序space空间spacecoordinates空间坐标spacecurve空间曲线spaceintegral体积积分spacelikemanifold类空廖spaceofleftcosets左傍系空间spaceofmatrices矩阵空间spaceofquaternions四元数空间spaceofrightcosets右傍系空间spacequadratictransformati

46、on空间二次变换spaceregion空间区域span生成spanningtree最大树生成树sparsematrix稀巯阵spatial空间的spatialcoordinate空间坐标spatialisomorphism空间同构spatialpoint空间点specialdivisorclass特殊除子类specialfunctionalequations特殊函数方程specialfunctions特殊函数specialgroup特殊群specialhomologymanifold特殊同滴specialjordanalgebra特殊约当代数speciallineargroup特殊线性群spe

47、ciallinearhomogeneousgroup特殊线性齐次群specialorthogonalgroup特殊正交群specialpurposecomputer专用计算机specialrepresentation特殊表示specialunitariangroup特殊酉群specialvaluation特殊赋值specialization特定化specific特殊的specificaddress绝对地址specificheat比热specificity特性spectralanalysisofoperators算子的谱分析spectraldecomposition谱表示spectraldens

48、ity谱线密度spectraldistribution谱分布spectraldistributioncurve光谱分布曲线spectralfunction谱函数spectralfunctor谱函子spectralgeometry谱几何spectralintegral谱积分spectralinvariant谱不变量spectralline谱线spectralmappingtheorem谱映射定理spectralmeasure谱测度spectralmultiplicity谱重度spectralnorm谱模spectralpoint谱点spectralproperty谱性质spectralradiu

49、s谱半径spectralrepresentation谱表示spectralsequence谱序列spectralset谱集spectralspace谱空间spectralsubspace谱子空间spectralsynthesis谱综合spectraltheorem谱定理spectrum谱spectrumofamatrix阵的谱speed速度sphere球spherebundle球丛sphereofcontact相切球面sphereoftheinversion反演球spherical球形的sphericalangle球面角sphericalastronomy球面天文学sphericalasymp

50、tote球面渐近线sphericalbesselfunction球贝塞耳函数sphericalcap球冠sphericalcohomologyclass球上同掂sphericalcoordinates球极坐标sphericalcurvature球面曲率sphericalcurve球面曲线sphericalcycliccurve球面循环曲线sphericalderivative球面导数sphericaldomain球面域sphericalepicycloid球面外摆线sphericalexcess球面角盈sphericalfiber球面纤维sphericalfunction球函数spherica

51、lgeometry球面几何学sphericalharmonicfunction球面低函数sphericalharmonics球面低函数sphericalhelix球面螺旋线sphericalhomologyclass球面同掂sphericalimage球面象sphericalindicatrix球面指标sphericalindicatrixofbinormal副法线球面指标sphericalindicatrixofprincipalnormal吱线球面指标sphericalindicatrixoftangents切线球面指标sphericalmean球中值sphericalneighborho

52、od球形邻域sphericalparallelogram球面平行四边形sphericalpolarcoordinates球极坐标sphericalpolygon球面多边形sphericalpyramid球面棱锥sphericalsector球心角体sphericalsegment球截形sphericalshell球壳sphericalspace球面空间sphericalsurface球面sphericaltriangle球面三角形sphericaltriangularcoordinates球面三角坐标sphericaltrigonometry球面三角学sphericalzone球带spheri

53、cs球面几何学spheroquartic球面四次曲线spheroid回转椭圆面spheroidalcoordinates球体坐标spheroidalfunction球体低函数spheroidalharmonic球体低函数spheroidalwavefunction球体波函数spinode第一类尖点spinor旋子spinorfield旋量场spinorgenus旋量狂spinorgroup旋子群spinorrepresentation旋量表示spiral螺线spiralpoint螺线极点spiralsurface螺面spline样条splinefunction样条函数splineinterpo

54、lation样条内插splitting分裂splittingfield分裂域spur迹squarable可平方的square正方形squarebracket方括弧squarecontingency平方列联squaredeviation平方偏差squarematrix方阵squaremeasure平方测度squaremesh正方网格squareroot平方根squareroottransformation平方根变换squaresummablefunction平方可积函数squareintegrablefunction平方可积函数stability稳定性stabilityconditions稳定条

55、件stabilitycriterion稳定性判据stabilitygroup稳定群stabilitynumber稳定数stabilityregion稳定区stabilization稳定stabilizationmethod稳定法stabilizer迷向群stableconvergence稳定收敛stableequilibrium稳定平衡stablehomotopygroup稳定同伦群stablemanifold稳定廖stableorbit稳定轨道stablepoint稳定点stableprocess稳定过程stableset稳定集合stablesolution稳定解stablestate稳定状

56、态stalk茎standardcomplex标准复形standarddeviation标准差standardequation标准方程standardform标准型standardisobaricsurfaces标准等压面standardnsimplex标准n单形standardregressioncoefficient标准回归系数standardsimplex标准单形standardtopology标准拓扑standardization标准化standardize使标准化standardizednormaldistribution标准化正态分布standardizednormalvariate

57、标准化正态变量standardizedvariable标准化变量standardizedvariate标准化变量starbody星形体starcovering星形覆盖starneighborhood星形邻域starofasimplex单形的星形starregion拟星形域starshapeddomain拟星形域starlikedomain拟星形域starlikemapping拟星形映射starlikeset拟星集starrefinement星型加细starttime开始时间state状态statecoordinates状态坐标statefunction状态函数stateofequilibriu

58、m平衡状态stateregion状态区域statespace状态空间statevariable状态变数statevector状态向量statement命题staticmodel静态模型statics静力学stationary平稳的stationarycurve平稳曲线stationarydistribution平稳分布stationaryflow平稳流定常流stationaryfunction平稳函数stationaryosculatingplane平稳密切面stationarypoint平稳点stationarypointprocess平稳点过程stationaryprocess平稳随机过程

59、stationarystate定态stationarytimeseries平稳时间序列stationaryvalue平稳值statistic统计量statistical统计的statisticalaccuracy统计精确度statisticalanalysis统计分析statisticaldataanalysis统计数据分析statisticaldecisionfunction统计判决函数statisticaldecisionproblem统计判决问题statisticaldecisionprocedure统计判决程序statisticaldecisionprocess统计判决过程statis

60、ticaldistribution统计分布statisticalergodictheorem平均遍历定理statisticalerror统计误差statisticalestimate估计statisticalestimation统计估计statisticalhypothesis统计假设statisticalhypothesistesting统计假设检验statisticalinference统计推断statisticalmechanics统计力学statisticalmethod平均法statisticalmodel随机性模型statisticaloptimization统计最佳化statis