高中英语必修一grammarandusage 完整版课件

1、Unit 1 School LifeGrammar and usageIntroduction to attributive clausesLook at the following phrases and point out the noun, the adjective or the prepositional phrase in each of them.an enjoyable experiencebest friendsthe rules of the school adj.n.adj.n.n.prepositional phrase What is the function of

2、an adjective or prepositional phrase in these examples? Modifying the noun. Translate the following phrases into Chinese and compare the different ways to express the same meanings in English and in Chinese.an enjoyable experiencebest friendsthe rules of the schoola girl whose name was Dianaattribut

3、ive clause 定语从句的定义在英语中，如果修饰 或限制一个名词或代词的成分是一个从句，这样的从句就叫定语从句。一般说来，在句子起修饰或限制作用的都是由形容词所充当，故定语从句又称为形容词性从句。 eg. The computer that I bought in Nanjing this summer works wonderfully.相关概念先行词：定语从句所修饰的名词或代词（组）。关系词：连接定语从句和主句并在定语中起作用的词。He is the man whom / that I saw yesterday. Please pass me the book whose cove

4、r is green. The package which / that you are carrying is about to come unwrapped.Beijing is the place where I was born.关系词关系代词关系副词 that, which (先行词指物时)that, who (先行词指人时)that (先行词指“人物”时) when 时间：状语 where 地点；状语 why 原因；状语（在从句中做主、宾、表）（在从句中做主、宾、表）（在从句中做主、宾、表） 关系限定词whose 在从句中限定另一名词关系词的分类：关系代词所代替的先行词是人或物的名

5、词或代词，并在句中充当主语、宾语、定语等成分。关系代词在定语从句中作主语时，从句谓语动词的人称和数要和先行词保持一致。Read the paragraph in the textbook and answer the following questions. Who is David Holmes? At which university did he study before he came to China? What did he do in China?Hes a Brit who is very interested in Chinese culture.He studied at

6、Oxford University.He studied Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture University for two years. 3. What did he do in China?He studied Chinese at Beijing Language and Culture University for two years. At the same time, he taught English to Chinese students. After finishing his studies, he travelled in

7、 China.4. What did he do after he returned to Britain?He donated most of the books, dictionaries, paintings and photographs he had brought back from China to the school library.5. What will David do on the school open day next month?He will make a speech about his splendid experiences in China.Read

8、the paragraph in the textbook again and underline the attributive clauses you find. Translate the sentences into Chinese.David was one of the most helpful students that we ever had. In 2004, he went to Oxford University where he became interested in Chinese culture. Some of the cities in China which

9、 he likes most are Beijing, Shanghai, Harbin and Nanjing.4. Most of the students whom he taught have become his friends.5. Some of the books were gifts that he got from his Chinese friends and students.6. The paintings that David donated to the school are being shown in the exhibition room.Grammar a

10、nd usageRelative pronouns: that, which, who, whom and whosethat多指物，在从句中作主语或作动词的宾语。（that/which作宾语时可省。） 1) A plane is a machine that can fly. A plane is a machine which can fly. 2) Who was hurt in the accident that happened yesterday? Who was hurt in the accident which happened yesterday? 3)Have you f

11、ound the bike that you lost? Have you found the bike which you lost? 2. which 指物, 在从句中作主语或宾语。作主语不可省略; 作宾语可以省略。( which与that 指物时可以互相代替，that 更常见。） 1) His father works in a factory that makes TV sets. His father works in a factory which makes TV sets. 2) The film that we saw last night was very wonderfu

12、l. The film which we saw last night was very wonderful.3. who 指人(既它的先行词必须是人), 在从句中作主语或宾语。但whom 是宾格, 只能作宾语。(that有时也指人，代替who或 whom，可作主语或宾语) 1)The girls who werent badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. The girls that werent badly hurt in the accident are my classmates. 2) He knew the teacher wh

13、o we met yesterday. He knew the teacher whom we met yesterday.4. whose 是代词的所有格形式, 它既可以代人也可以代物。 I saw a woman. Her bag was stolen. I saw a woman whose bag was stolen. Please show me the book. Its cover is red. Please show me the book whose cover is red. Ill call a person. His father knows you. Ill ca

14、ll a person whose father knows you.I am sure she has nothing that you can borrow.(1) 先行词为all, everything, nothing, anything, little, much 等不定代词时。注意：Ive read every book that is borrowed from the library. (2) 先行词被all, every, no, some, any, little, much等修饰时。Ive read all the books that are about this ma

15、tter. This is the first book that he has read.This is the most interesting book that I have ever read.This is the very book that belongs to him.(3) 先行词被序数词或形容词最高级修饰时。(4) 先行词被the only, the very修饰时。The tall girl _ the teacher often praises is our monitor. A. which B. whom C. what D. whose2. The popula

16、r street _ I visited on Sunday is being rebuilt now. A. / B. where C. what D. who3. I hate the people _ dont help others when they are in trouble. A. who B. which C. they D. whereB A A 牛刀小试4. This is the place _ I have ever visited.A. there B. when C. where D. which5. The house _ we live in is very

17、big. A. whose B. where C. which D. whatD C Complete the following article about high schools in the USA using who, whom, which or whose.There are several differences between high schools in the USA and high schools in China. For one tings, students _ study in the USA are in class only about twenty h

18、ours per week.whoThe rest of the time _ they spend at school is used for independent study. With so much free time, students _ do not make good use of their time may not pass their exams. Students _ the teachers fail may have to take the classes again.whichwhowhom / whoFor another thing, many course

19、s are classes _ the students can study just for fun, but _ they do not have to take. Finally, students can often choose their classes and class times. Some courses are required, but the students can still decide the teacher _ class they wish to take. They can choose to take the class of a teacher _

20、they like to respect.whichwhichwhosewhom / who1. Ive become good friends with several of the students in my school I met in the English speech contest last year. （2010湖南） A. who B. where C. when D. which解析：该空引导定语从句修饰表示人的先行词the students，且在从句中作met的宾语，故选关系代词who，即A项。高考真题2. Thats the new machine _ parts

21、are too small to be seen. （2010山东） A. that B. which C. whose D. what解析：句意应为“那就是那台零部件小得几乎看不见的新机器。”空格处引导定语从句并且在从句中作定语使用，所以使用whose。3. The old temple _ roof was damaged in storm is now under repair. （2010 陕西） A. where B. which C. its D. whose解析：所填词引导定语从句，先行词是the old temple，关系词在从句中做roof的定语，用关系代词whose，选D。其余选项与题意不符。4. I refuse to accept the blame for something _was someone elses fault. （2010 全国） A. who B. that C. as D. what解析：不定代词something作主语，用that引导。5. Children who are not active or _ diet is high in fat will gain weight quickly. （2010北京） A. what B. whose C. which D. that 考点: 题意是“不爱运动或者饮食热量偏高的