新四级翻译之-合并译法使字句课件

1、TRANSLATION CET4 (合并译法)翻译技巧1主语的选择2无主句的翻译3调整语序4词性转换5动词时态的翻译6减译法7增译法8合并译法9“让”字句的译法10“使”字句的译法合并译法1.合并 译法2.合并方法3.合并练习 1 合并译法合并译法亦称化零为整法，主要是根据行文紧凑、简练的原则，将两句或数句并译成一句。汉译英时，往往必须先找出主谓框架树起主干，然后将各种关系词、短语（介词短语、名词短语）、附加成分（同位语、插入语）、分词结构、从句（定语从句、状语从句、同位语从句）等添加到主干，使树木枝繁叶茂。翻译汉语的多个分句时，注意分析各个分句之间的逻辑关系，确定好主从关系，采用恰当的方式进

2、行连接。如：我们必须抓住新的机遇，迎接新的挑战，采取更加有力的措施，以更为积极地姿态扩大对外开放，力争对外贸易和吸收外资有新的增长。译：We must seize new opportunities and meet new challenges. We must open ourselves wider to the outside world more actively, and take more effective measures to expand foreign trade and absorb more foreign funds.2 合并方法(1)把原文中的两个或两个以上的简

3、单句译成一个单句。This novel is of no great literary merit. It is merely a pot-boiler. 这部小说纯属胡编乱造，没有多大文学价值。 A man in a newish suburb feels that he has one foot in the city and one in the country. As this is the kind of compromise he likes, he is happy. 住在新郊区的人，觉得一只脚在城里，一只脚在乡下，非常开心，因为这种城乡折衷之地是他喜欢的。(2)把原文中的主从复

4、合句译成一个单句。He liked his sister, who was warm and pleasant，but he did not like his brother，who was aloof and arrogant.他喜欢热情文雅的妹妹，而不喜欢冷漠高傲的哥哥。When I negotiate, I get nervous. When I get nervous, I eat.谈判时我总是有点紧张。紧张时我就吃点东西。从语法结构上看（1） 在主谓连接处拆译 Increased cooperation with China is in the interests of the Un

5、ited States. 同中国加强合作，符合美国的利益。 （2）在定语从句前拆译 I wish to thank you for the incomparable hospitality for which the Chinese people are justly famous throughout the world. 我要感谢你们无与伦比的盛情款待。中国人民正是以这种热情好客而闻明世界的。（3）合译中国是个大国，百分之八十的人口从事农业，但耕地只占土地面积的十分之一，其余为山脉、森林、城镇和其他用地。China is a large country with four-fifths o

6、f the population engaged in agriculture, but only one tenth of the land is farmland, the rest being mountains, forests and places for urban and other uses.拆句法和合并法：拆句法是把一个长而复杂的句子拆译成若干个较短、较简单的句子，通常用于英译汉；合并法是把若干个短句合并成一个长句，一般用于汉译英。汉语简单句较多；英语长句较多。所以汉译英时要根据需要注意利用连词、分词、介词、不定式、定语从句、独立结构等把汉语短句连成长句；而英译汉时又常常要在

7、原句的关系代词、关系副词、主谓连接处、并列或转折连接处、后续成分与主体的连接处，以及意群结束处将长句切断，译成汉语分句。2.Although the size of the task waiting to be carried out is daunting and there are many hurdles to be overcome, it would be wrong to end my address on a note of pessimism. Many countries have already made considerable progress in this rega

8、rd.尽管等待我们去完成的任务规模之大令人畏惧，尽管有许多障碍有待克服，但是以悲观的调子来结束我的发言是错误的，因为许多国家在此方面已经取得了长足的进步。先将although分译，再将第二句合译进第一句，并明确前后部分的主从关系。 使字句翻译方法1.使 译法2.使译方法3.使译练习 例一：电信使我们的工作发生了前所未有的改变。1 )Telecommunications have brought unprecedented changes to our work and life.2) Telecommunications have unprecedentedly change our work

9、 and life.（结合法）3) Thanks to telecommunications, our work and life have changed unprecedentedly .(介词短语) 例二：上海将集中进行铁路建设，使铁路成为未来公共交通的重要组成部分。1) Shanghais focus on the construction of railways will make them a key part in public transport in the future.（ make结构）2) Shanghai will concentrate on the constru

10、ction of railways so that they will become a key part in public transport in the future.(因果关系连词)例三：外来干涉使这个国家陷入全面内战。1) Outside interference resulted in an all-out civil war in the country.(动词短语)2) The country fell into an all-out civil war because of the outside interference.(介词短语)3) Outside interference drove the country into an all-out civ