高三英语《词汇动词的基本概念动词的时态和语态》-精讲版课件

1、一、谓语动词是单句的重要标志，在没有并列连词连接的情况下，一个单句只能有一个谓语动词。如果要出现其它动词，则有以下几种方式： 用并列连词 (and, or, but) 或并列的标点符号： 分号、冒号、破折号(; : ) 将动词或句子并列: I got on a bus and headed for the next stop of my life. 用并列连词 (and, or, but) 或并列的标点符号： 分号、冒号、破折号(; : ) 将动词或句子并列: I got on a bus and headed for the next stop of my life. 用并列连词 (and,

2、 or, but) 或并列的标点符号： 分号、冒号、破折号(; : ) 将动词或句子并列: I got on a bus and headed for the next stop of my life. 用关系词 (which, that, who, whom, when, where, why 等) 或从属连词 (that, what, who, whom, which, when, where, how, why等) 将两个句子变 为主从复合句: I got on a bus which started for the next stop of my life. 用并列连词 (and, o

3、r, but) 或并列的标点符号： 分号、冒号、破折号(; : ) 将动词或句子并列: I got on a bus and headed for the next stop of my life. 用关系词 (which, that, who, whom, when, where, why 等) 或从属连词 (that, what, who, whom, which, when, where, how, why等) 将两个句子变 为主从复合句: I got on a bus which started for the next stop of my life. 用并列连词 (and, or,

4、 but) 或并列的标点符号： 分号、冒号、破折号(; : ) 将动词或句子并列: I got on a bus and headed for the next stop of my life. 用关系词 (which, that, who, whom, when, where, why 等) 或从属连词 (that, what, who, whom, which, when, where, how, why等) 将两个句子变 为主从复合句: I got on a bus which started for the next stop of my life. 将除谓语动词以外的其它动词变为非谓

5、语动词 (to do; doing; done) : It got on a bus starting for the next stop of my life. 用并列连词 (and, or, but) 或并列的标点符号： 分号、冒号、破折号(; : ) 将动词或句子并列: I got on a bus and headed for the next stop of my life. 用关系词 (which, that, who, whom, when, where, why 等) 或从属连词 (that, what, who, whom, which, when, where, how,

6、why等) 将两个句子变 为主从复合句: I got on a bus which started for the next stop of my life. 将除谓语动词以外的其它动词变为非谓语动词 (to do; doing; done) : It got on a bus starting for the next stop of my life.His first performance proved successful.(=His first performance was successful.)His first performance proved successful.(=

7、His first performance was successful.)How it worked remained a mystery.(=How is worked was a mystery.)二、系动词的功能是表明事物是怎样的 (系：是)，故所有系动词在语法上都 可以用 be 动词代替，只是比 be 动词更具体。His first performance proved successful.(=His first performance was successful.)How it worked remained a mystery.(=How is worked was a my

8、stery.) 我从不羡慕属于别人的幸福。 我从不羡慕属于别人的幸福。 I have never desired the happiness belonging to others. 我从不羡慕属于别人的幸福。 I have never desired the happiness belonging to others. 他笑了，似乎对我的建议感到满意。 我从不羡慕属于别人的幸福。 I have never desired the happiness belonging to others. 他笑了，似乎对我的建议感到满意。 He smiled, seeming pleased with my

9、 suggestion. 三、系动词、不及物动词没有被动语态， 所以没有被动的非谓语动词形式。 我从不羡慕属于别人的幸福。 I have never desired the happiness belonging to others. 他笑了，似乎对我的建议感到满意。 He smiled, seeming pleased with my suggestion. 四、瞬间动词可用于完成时态，但是不能 和表示一段时间的状语连用。四、瞬间动词可用于完成时态，但是不能 和表示一段时间的状语连用。 我想你见不着他了，他已经离开办公室了。四、瞬间动词可用于完成时态，但是不能 和表示一段时间的状语连用。 我

10、想你见不着他了，他已经离开办公室了。 I dont think you will meet him; he has left his office. 四、瞬间动词可用于完成时态，但是不能 和表示一段时间的状语连用。 我想你见不着他了，他已经离开办公室了。 I dont think you will meet him; he has left his office. 我想你见不着他了，他离开办公室很久了。四、瞬间动词可用于完成时态，但是不能 和表示一段时间的状语连用。 我想你见不着他了，他已经离开办公室了。 I dont think you will meet him; he has left

11、his office. 我想你见不着他了，他离开办公室很久了。 I dont think you will meet him; he has been away for a long time. 五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you attend this school? He shall be resp

12、onsible for the damage. If I could do it, I would do it. 五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you attend this school? He shall be responsible for the damage. If I could do it, I would do it. (人称、时间)五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说

13、明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you attend this school? He shall be responsible for the damage. If I could do it, I would do it. (人称、时间)(时间、语气)五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you

14、attend this school? He shall be responsible for the damage. If I could do it, I would do it. (人称、时间)(时间、语气)(语气)五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you attend this school? He shall be responsible for the damage. If I could do it,

15、 I would do it. (人称、时间)(时间、语气)(语气)(语气)五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you attend this school? He shall be responsible for the damage. If I could do it, I would do it. (人称、时间)(时间、语气)(语气)(语气)(语气)五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说

16、明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you attend this school? He shall be responsible for the damage. If I could do it, I would do it. Who do you suggest _ ask to give us a talk on energy conservation? A. I should B. should I B. I will D. will I(人称、时间)(时间、语气)(语

17、气)(语气)(语气)五、助动词(包括情态动词)的作用： (帮)助(谓语) 动词，说明主语的人称，动作发生的时间， 句子的语气等。 He has won the election. I did see him yesterday. Do you attend this school? He shall be responsible for the damage. If I could do it, I would do it. Who do you suggest _ ask to give us a talk on energy conservation? A. I should B. sho

18、uld I B. I will D. will I(人称、时间)(时间、语气)(语气)(语气)(语气)六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 他那天一定不在家。六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 他那天一定不在家。 He cant have been at home that day. 六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 他那天一定不在家。 He c

19、ant have been at home that day. 据说他以前拍过一部电影。六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 他那天一定不在家。 He cant have been at home that day. 据说他以前拍过一部电影。 He is said to have made a film. 六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 他那天一定不在家。 He cant have been at home that day. 据说他以前拍过一部电影。 He is said to ha

20、ve made a film. 你刚才肯定在想别的事。六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 他那天一定不在家。 He cant have been at home that day. 据说他以前拍过一部电影。 He is said to have made a film. 你刚才肯定在想别的事。 You must have been thinking about something else. 六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 他那天一定不在家。 He cant have been at

21、 home that day. 据说他以前拍过一部电影。 He is said to have made a film. 你刚才肯定在想别的事。 You must have been thinking about something else. 我当时本想去的，但是太忙了。六、情态动词、不定式符号to后只能接动词原形， 故表过去动作时需用 have done。 他那天一定不在家。 He cant have been at home that day. 据说他以前拍过一部电影。 He is said to have made a film. 你刚才肯定在想别的事。 You must have b

22、een thinking about something else. 我当时本想去的，但是太忙了。 Id love to have gone there, but I was too busy. 【考点示例一】 Do you have any problems if you _ this job? Well, Im thinking about the salary 【2008湖南卷】 A. offerB. will offer C. are offeredD. will be offered【考点示例一】 Do you have any problems if you _ this job?

23、 Well, Im thinking about the salary 【2008湖南卷】 A. offerB. will offer C. are offeredD. will be offered Can you see your brother off to the railway station, John? I think so, by the time he leaves I _ my work. A. will finishB. have finished C. will have finishedD. finishes Can you see your brother off

24、to the railway station, John? I think so, by the time he leaves I _ my work. A. will finishB. have finished C. will have finishedD. finishes Can you see your brother off to the railway station, John? I think so, by the time he leaves I _ my work. A. will finishB. have finished C. will have finishedD

25、. finishes 考点一：主句是一般将来时或现在时，时间、条件状语从句中用一般现在时表示将来。【考点示例二】 What are you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _ at 4 oclock, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A. has finished; are goingB. finishes; go C. finishes; are goingD. has finished; go【考点示例二】 What a

26、re you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema with some friends. The film _ at 4 oclock, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A. has finished; are goingB. finishes; go C. finishes; are goingD. has finished; go【考点示例二】 What are you going to do this afternoon? I am going to the cinema wit

27、h some friends. The film _ at 4 oclock, so we _ to the bookstore after that. A. has finished; are goingB. finishes; go C. finishes; are goingD. has finished; go考点二：表示将来确定会发生的动作要用现在时态表将来 (如己安排好或计划好的动作或按时刻表将来一定会发生的动)，可以这样使用的动词有: go, come,leave, start, finish, arrive等。【考点示例三】 Is everyone here? Not yetL

28、ook , there _ the rest of our guests!【2010江苏卷】 A. comeB. comes C. is comingD. are coming【考点示例三】 Is everyone here? Not yetLook , there _ the rest of our guests!【2010江苏卷】 A. comeB. comes C. is comingD. are coming【考点示例三】 Is everyone here? Not yetLook , there _ the rest of our guests!【2010江苏卷】 A. comeB.

29、 comes C. is comingD. are coming考点三：在表示方向、方位的状语位于句首的倒装句型中，要用一般(现在/过去)时态，而不用进行时态。 【考点示例四】 I have to see the doctor because I _ a lot lately.【2010陕西卷】 A. have been coughingB. had coughed C. coughedD. cough【考点示例四】 I have to see the doctor because I _ a lot lately.【2010陕西卷】 A. have been coughingB. had c

30、oughed C. coughedD. cough Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. 【2010山东卷】 A. would saveB. saves C. had savedD. has saved Up to now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. 【2010山东卷】 A. would saveB. saves C. had savedD. has saved Up t

31、o now, the program _ thousands of children who would otherwise have died. 【2010山东卷】 A. would saveB. saves C. had savedD. has saved考点四： recent years (months), recently,lately, of late, so far, up to/till now, for years(month), since, in (over) the past few yeas等时间状语常用于现在完成(have done)或现在完成进行时态 (have b

32、een doing)。【考点示例五】 By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leaveB. leaves C. will have leftD. left【考点示例五】 By the time Jane gets home, her aunt _ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leaveB. leaves C. will have leftD. left【考点示例五】 By the time Jane gets home, h

33、er aunt _ for London to attend a meeting. A. will leaveB. leaves C. will have leftD. left考点五：by the time.作状语时，其后如果接将来动作则一般用将来完成时(will have done); 其后如果接过去动作则一般用过去完成时(had done)。【考点示例六】 This is the first time we _ a film in the cinema together as a family.【2009陕西卷】 A. seeB. had seen C. sawD. have seen【

34、考点示例六】 This is the first time we _ a film in the cinema together as a family.【2009陕西卷】 A. seeB. had seen C. sawD. have seen Linda 1ost her passport again. It was the second time that _. A. had occurredB. has occurred C. occurredD. was occurring Linda 1ost her passport again. It was the second time t

35、hat _. A. had occurredB. has occurred C. occurredD. was occurring Linda 1ost her passport again. It was the second time that _. A. had occurredB. has occurred C. occurredD. was occurring考点六：表示“某人第次做某事”的句型：It is the first (second.) time that sb. has done sth./ It was the first (second.) time that sb.

36、 had done sth. 【考点示例七】 He _ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playingB. played C. has playedD. had played【考点示例七】 He _ football regularly for many years when he was young. A. was playingB. played C. has playedD. had played【考点示例七】 He _ football regularly for many years when h

37、e was young. A. was playingB. played C. has playedD. had played考点七：如果动作终止在过去，即使有表示一段时间的状语，还是要用一般过去时态。【考点示例八】 Excuse me I _ I was blocking your way. 【2010全国II】 A. didnt realize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt realizing【考点示例八】 Excuse me I _ I was blocking your way. 【2010全国II】 A. didnt real

38、ize B. dont realize C. havent realized D. wasnt realizing Ive got to go now. 【2009重庆卷】 Must you? I _ you could stay for dinner with us. A. thinkB. thought C. have thoughtD. am thinking Ive got to go now. 【2009重庆卷】 Must you? I _ you could stay for dinner with us. A. thinkB. thought C. have thoughtD.

39、am thinking Ive got to go now. 【2009重庆卷】 Must you? I _ you could stay for dinner with us. A. thinkB. thought C. have thoughtD. am thinking考点八：表示“原以为”、“才知道”、“才注意到”等意思时，要用一般过去时态或过去进行时态。【考点示例九】 Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? 【2010全国I卷】 No, I _ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would

40、do C. has done D. do【考点示例九】 Have you finished reading Jane Eyre? 【2010全国I卷】 No, I _ my homework all day yesterday. A. was doing B. would do C. has done D. do Im tired out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything.【2010湖南卷】 A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been sho

41、pping Im tired out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything.【2010湖南卷】 A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shopping Im tired out. I _ all afternoon and I dont seem to have finished anything.【2010湖南卷】 A. shopped B. have shopped C. had shopped D. have been shoppin

42、g考点九：现在/过去进行时态除了表示现在/过去正在进行的动作或现在/过去的暂时状况之外，进行时态还可以表示一种强烈的感情，完成进行时态也是如此。【考点示例十】 He _ to the lab than he set out to do the experiment. A. has no sooner got B. no sooner got C. will no sooner get D. had no sooner got【考点示例十】 He _ to the lab than he set out to do the experiment. A. has no sooner got B.

43、no sooner got C. will no sooner get D. had no sooner got【考点示例十】 He _ to the lab than he set out to do the experiment. A. has no sooner got B. no sooner got C. will no sooner get D. had no sooner got考点十：表示“某人刚就”的句型：sb. had hardly/scarcely done when sb.did/sb. had no sooner done than sb. did 该句型时态只有以上

44、一种形式。【考点示例十一】 We _ that you would fix the TV set this week. Im sorry. I _ to, but Ive been too busy. A. had expected；had intended B. are expecting；had intended C. expect；intend D. expected；intend【考点示例十一】 We _ that you would fix the TV set this week. Im sorry. I _ to, but Ive been too busy. A. had ex

45、pected；had intended B. are expecting；had intended C. expect；intend D. expected；intend Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you.

46、A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected Youve failed to do what you _ to and Im afraid the teacher will blame you. A. will expect B. will be expected C. expected D. were expected考点十一： plan / intend / mean(打算) /expect 动作有“预先”的含义；had planned /intended / meant / expected可以用来表示“原本(实际上没有)”的含义。【考点示例十二】 Do you like the material? Yes，it _ very soft. A. is feelingB. felt C. feelsD. is