基础医学英语术语复习题

1、基础医学英语术语复习题cyto means 细胞A. fatB.smoothC. blueB.cellmyo- refers to your:brainmyoptic nerve feetmuscleneuro means:nervenewdigestive system endocrine systemkary/o means 细胞核cell karaoke nucleus illnessleuk/omeans:abbr.leukoplakia 粘膜白斑病white limpid blacksickle-shapederythro/omeans:abbr.(Latinprefix=red拉丁

2、语前缀)红的membrane heart-shaped redbrownhisto/o means: 组织、荚膜组织胞浆菌病filmtime tissue yellowmelano means:black diseased malignant cancerpath/o means: 疾病within purple excised diseasesomat/omeans: 【医】=somatostatin,生长抑素,生长激素释放抑制因子extremitybody tissue nerveEndomeans:abbr.endoglycosidase 内切糖苷酶endo 内ENDO abbr.1.e

3、ndomorphin 内变质作用2.endonuclease 核酸内切酶3.endoscopic harvest 内镜检查获取(标本) 4.endothelin 内皮素endotoxemia 内毒素血症endotoxin细菌)内毒素endovascular 血管内的Above. Below. Within.Fat.Thromb/omeans:【医】=thrombus血栓To throb.To divide.To clot.To dry out.Brady- means:Fast.Irregular.Prolonged.Slow.Salping/o meansFallopian tube.Pus

4、.Polyp.Flesh, connective tissue.Onych/o Testicle.The same as Orchi/o. Single, one.Nail.Tachy- (as in tachycardia) means:A slowing down IrregularFast or rapid Malignantandro means: 【医】=androsterone 雄甾酮above, overhuman through maleviscer/o means: 内脏cut open internal organs exoskeleton relate tocyano 氰

5、基blue white cyanide largegno/o means:small knowledge science of branchonc/omeans:abbr.1.oncogene 致癌基因；肿瘤基因Onc abbr.oncofetal 癌胚的old cancer tumor deadlyiatr/o means:hirsute iodinePhysician 内科医生, medicine 医学coldwhitefat rough softxantho yellowbrown anti reversedeti/o (as in etiology): system science o

6、f cause historydys- means: 困难的 有病的two difficult easy forkedhypo- means:在之下次亚于不足从属于below, incomplete over, outside throughinside, withinchrom/o means: 色silver color brittle shinyrhabd/o means: rod-shaped science of rapid historysarco means:flesh, connective tissue solidopaqueforked-emia means:血条件Bloo

7、d Condition.Deficiency.Excess of.Death of-pnea means :Break.Breathing.Swallowing.Circulation.-stenosis means:Hardening.Constriction.Expanding.Malignancy.-ostomy means:Cut into or incision.Ablation.Enlargement.Create an artificial opening.-otomy means:Cut into or incision.Ablation.Enlargement.Create

8、an artificial opening.-megaly means:abbr.megaloblastic anemia巨幼红细胞性贫血Multiply.Ablation.Enlargement.Diseased.-plasia means:Formation, development or growth. Repairing of, suturing.Metastisizing of a tumor. Condition.-cele means:Cell.Chest.Cavity.Swelling, protrusion.-itis means:Itching.Burning.Scaly.

9、Inflammation.The Suffix pepsia refers Chest musclesThe nervous system DigestionHearingScraping away擦伤 of the skin or mucous粘液的 membrane膜 by friction.皮肤擦伤处Contusion Abrasion CarbuncleBullaeSurgical repair of the cornea眼角膜. 角膜成型术Keratonomy Corneoplasty Keratoplasty KeratoscopyInflammation of the tympa

10、nicmembrane. 鼓膜炎Anotia Labyrinthitis Menieres diseaseMyringitis,mirind aitis 】Bluish discoloration 变色of the skin. 苍白病Cyanosis Edema Cilium EffusionDisease of the heart muscle. 心肌病Cardioplexy Cardiopathy Cardiomyopathy MyopathyRemoval of the 胆囊胆囊切除术Cystectomy Choledochectomy Cholecystectomy Cholangio

11、graphyPainful menstruation月经. 痛经Amenorrhea Hypermenorrhea Dyspareunia DysmenorrheaAbove the pubicbones. 耻骨弓上的Perineum Transperineal Inferiopubic SuprapubicEnlargement of a finger or toe. 巨蹼分离术Dactylomegaly,dktil ume liAnkylosisDiaphysis KyphosisThe medical term for headache. 头痛Cephalgia Cyanosis Mig

12、raine ConcussionRed blood cell. 红细胞Lymphocyte Eosinophil Leukocyte ErythrocyteAn infection with the fungus 真菌 霉菌 Candida . 口疮Thrush Macrophage Titer ImpetigoDisease of a lymphnode 瘤. 淋巴结病Lymphadenopathy Adenoidopathy Adenectomy AdenitisA woman who has never been pregnant.Nulligravida PrimigravidaNul

13、lipara PrimiparaAccumulation of blood in a joint. 关节出血症Hemarthrosis Hematuria Hematosis HepatitisProtrusion 突出of the eyeballs. 眼球突出Exophthalmos Ophthalmus Exotropia OpacificationAbnormal wideningof the bronchi. 支气管扩张Bronchiolitis Bronchiectasis Bronchiolvescular AsthmaMembranes that cover the brain

14、and spinal脊柱的 cord. 脑膜 髓膜Meninges Cerebrospinal fluid Meningitis MyastheniaAn agent that causes disease. Phagocyte Protease Prophylaxis PathogenBlood in the urine小便. 血尿症Uremia Hematocrit Heomstasis HematuriaErythrocytes White blood cells.Red blood cells.Benign tumor cells.Also known as Leukocytes.Th

15、e superior vena cavais:The major artery that supplies the trunk and legs with blood. Located in the lower trunk of the body.Located in the lower part of the neck.位于颈部的下半部分Connected to the celiac trunk.The common carotid颈动脉 artery动脉 In the upper portion of the thigh.Beneath the Medulla Oblongata At t

16、he base of the neck.Inside the CerebellumThe carotid artery branches into the:Internal carotid artery; the external carotid artery. Supratrochlear, supertrochlear.Inferior thoracic, superior thoracic.Common iliac artery, external iliac artery.The integumentary外皮的 包皮的 system does NOT include Liver.Ha

17、ir.Nails.Mouth.The right ventricle脑室 心室 is One of the primary heart valves.Large lower cavity of the heart.大型低腔心脏Left upper portion of the heart. Right upper portion of the heartThe septum隔膜:Divides the heart lengthwise 纵长的 纵向的 into left and right. separates the right and left nasalcavity 鼻腔的.The th

18、in wall which separates one alveolus 肺泡 from another.All of the above.The cervicallymph淋巴 nodes 颈部淋巴结are located: Near the groin.In the armpit.Near the stomach.In the neck.Inguinal 腹股沟的 Near the heart.In the groin 腹股沟 area.The region of the small intestines. The lower leg.Axillary lymph glandsare lo

19、cated: In the neck.In the groin.In the upper leg.In the armpit 腋窝.A bronchoplasty支气管成形术 is the surgical repair of the bronchus. TrueFalseA fistula 瘘管 is tube-like passage between two organs, for example, between the kidney肾脏 and an organ of the digestive system.True FalseA sigmoidoscopy乙状结肠镜术 is an

20、endoscopicexamination of a part of the small intestines肠.True FalseThe term percutaneous 经皮的is derived from the greek tocut a incision (through the skin)True FalseAblation消融 切除 refers to the procedure of expanding a vessel血管 an artery)using a balloon.True FalseA Laryngostomy侯造口术 is a surgical incisi

21、on (opening) from the neckinto the larynx 喉.True FalseAblutionmeans to destroy or remove.True FalseA neurorrhaphyis the separating of a blood vessel.True FalseOsteoclasisis the surgical breaking of a bone.True FalseCostectomy肋骨切除术 is the surgical repair of the coccyx尾骨.True FalseMatching: Matching t

22、he terms in each of following sets with their definitions and write the appropriate letter (a-e) to the left of each number:d1. bilateral 双边的b2. Hemiplegia 遂e3. Quadrisect 四等分a4. Polymer聚合的c5. Semicoma半昏迷compound made of many subunitsparalysis of one side of the bodyPartial state of unconsciousnessp

23、ertaining to both sides of the bodycut into four partsc6. Melanocyte 胞b7. Leukoderma白变病8. xanthoocyte9. Adhesion粘连依附10. Oligomenorrhea经稀发11. Sinistral用左手的Scanty menstrual 月经的flowloss of color in the skindark-colored cellcell with yellow colorattachment of partsa. Parasite 寄生虫 that lives inside the b

24、odyd Ae c e c d b a b d_Ectoparasite 皮 外 b. toward theleft寄生虫Endoparasite 体内 c. Endbrain 寄生虫Mesencephalon 中 d. parasite that lives outside of the body脑telenephalone. Midbrain中脑ytoplasma. Organelles 细 胞 器 thatmanufacture energy from foodDNAb. organelles that manufacture proteinTPc. genetic material遗传

25、物质Ribosomes核糖体 d. energy compound of the cellMitochondria 线粒 e. Fluid 流体 that fills the cell体Homeostasis 动 态 a. building phase ofmetabolism平衡Catabolism异化作 b. state of internal stability用 分解代谢 23. Anabolism 合成代 c. Fibrous 纤维的 protein in connectivea_e _ cb d谢tissue 结缔体素Adipose脂肪质的 d.Breakdown分解 phase阶

26、段 ofmetabolism 新陈代谢Collagen胶原蛋白 e. fatLipase 脂肪酶a. inflammation of a gland腺Reticulocyte 网状 b. Enzyme酶 that digests 细胞a e_ cb a d e_ cb d a_c _e _ b _ c _ e_ a_Adenitis腺炎Fructose果糖Fibroma纤维瘤Polymorphic 态的Hydrophilic吸水的AtrophyFibroplasia 增生Papilla 小脓包Amylase淀粉酶Lipoid类脂的Hypoglycemic糖症的Leukoblast 胞Aplas

27、ia先天萎缩Acroanesthesia 肢麻木Laparotomy术Cervicobrachial 壁的Antebrachial 的Fibrous tumor肿瘤cell containing a networksugarattracting waterhaving many formsNipplelikeprojection 突起物wasting of tissuedevelopment of fibrous tissuehaving low blood sugarEnzyme酶 that digests starch淀粉immature white blood cellfatlikela

28、ck of developmentpertaining to the forearmloss of sensation in the extremities 足incision through the abdominal 腹部的wallincision into the chest 45. Thoracotomy 胸 廓 e. pertaining to the neck andarmd切开术_e _ c Acheiria 无手（形）Apodia无足Crampof a finger or toeexcess number of fingers or toes_ a _ b_ d_b d a e

29、 c_c _Dactylospasm 痉挛PolydactylyCeliocentesis 穿刺术Oncology肿瘤学Toxicology毒理学Microlith细石器phyrogenScleroderma 病Dysspneacongenital absence of a footsurgical puncture of the abdomen腹部Congenitalabsence of a handvery small stonestudy of tumorsdisease involving hardening of the skinstudy of poisonssubstance t

30、hat produces feverdryness of the skin57. Edema水肿58. Pachyemia 缩59. Xeroderma 燥症60. Adenocarcinoma癌Malignanttumor of a gland腺painful or difficult breathingaccumulation of fluid流体thickness of the blood c _61. Stenosis 器官狭窄droppingd62. Dilatation膨胀a63. Ptonis 滴下物e64. Stasis停滞b65. Hemorrhage血Profuseflow

31、 of bloodnarrowingEctasiastoppage, suppression抑制 c 66. Acromegaly肢端肥Pathogensin the blood_大症67. Nephritis肾炎68. Hepatorrhexis 裂a69. Septicemia败血症wound or injurydisease characterized by enlargement the extremitiesinflammation of the kidney肾脏b b _ c_ a_e _Trauma外伤Streptococci 菌Helminths蠕虫Bacilli细菌Mycos

32、is霉菌病Ruptureof the liverround bacteria in clustersround bacteria in chainswormsFungalinfection d _Staphylococci 葡萄 e. rod-shapedbacteria球菌Case StudiesEsophgeal spasm食道痉挛This patient is a 53-year-old white female who has consulted求助于 occasional episodes of dysphagia( ) with moderate to severe tight,

33、gripping pain in the mid-thorax. The onset is sudden following ingestion of food or beverage. The pain is retrosternal (胸骨后的) at first and then radiates to the cervical and dorsal regions. It is not improved by assuming a supine position(). There is no vomiting or dyspnea(). In the absence of other

34、symptoms, esophageal spasm is suspected. If difficulties persist, fluoroscopy(荧光检查)with a barium9(钡)swallow will be done to rule out paraesophageal hiatal hernia.()Pathology report-Cervical and Endometrial BiopsiesTwo separate uterine(子宫的) specimens are submitted. Specimen 1 is a cervical biopsy（宫颈活

35、检）1.3cm in maximum width by 1.1 cm thickness. The exocervical (外子宫颈) surface is smooth. There are numerous areas of mild to moderate dysplasia( 发育异). Slide F shows the endocervix( 颈内膜 ) displaying metaplasia by hyperchromatic cells(高染色细胞 ) involving almost the entire thickness of the epithelium. No area of invasion of the basement is observed. There is chronic inflammation(慢性炎症Specimen2consistsofmultiplefragmentsofendometrialtissue. Examination show a proliferative( 增生性的) type of endometrium( 子宫内膜). No malignancy is seen.Laparoscopy()and laparotomy(剖腹手术)The patient was tak