初三11中考语态数词

1、英赵保国第 1 阶段第 11 2014322时段 16:00- 中语态+中考数语英赵保国第 1 阶段第 11 2014322时段 16:00- 中语态+中考数语教学内容知识点一：中语【内容概述】语态定义： 语态是动词的一种特殊形式,用来说明主语与谓语动词之间的关系。如果主语是动作的执行者(即 做某事),便叫主动语态；如果主语是动作的承受者(即某事被做),便叫 语态。主动与 的区别不是词序的区别,而是主语与谓语意义上的区别。在英语中只有及物动词和一些相当于及物动词的词组才有 语态的形式。英语中 语态由“助动词 be +动词的过去分词” 。助动词 be 有时态、人称和数的变化。 语态后的by 短语

2、有时可省去。具体结构见下表：注p.p.(即不知道谁做)时用 语态,省略by 短语。如：A man was killed he accident.(一个人死于事故)/ This window was broken yesterday.(这不说或者众所周知是谁做时,用 语态,by短语。如：Riceisalsogrown his place.(这个地方也种水稻)/ Arailroad will be built here hree years.(三年之后这里 现在时态一般现在时现在进行时现 在完成时+going to+ be + 过去时态一般过去时过去完成时would将要修建一条铁路强调动作的承受者

3、,句尾加by短语。如：It waswritten by LuXun.(它(书)写的tdog isnever killed by itsowner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的(2) 语态主动句：主语(人/物谓语(及物动词宾语(人/物其他 状将要修建一条铁路强调动作的承受者,句尾加by短语。如：It waswritten by LuXun.(它(书)写的tdog isnever killed by itsowner.(宠物狗是不会被主人宰杀的(2) 语态主动句：主语(人/物谓语(及物动词宾语(人/物其他 状(动作的执行者) (各种时态形式：Histeachergavehimadictionary.

4、Hewasgivenadictionarybyhisteacher.(老师给也可以用直接宾语做 句的主语,tofor引出原句的间接宾语。如： Histeachergavehim adictionary.Adictionary wasgiventhim byhisteacher.(老师给他一本字典一本字典由老师送给了他)/His father made him a kite.A kite was madefr him by his father.(他的父亲给他做了一个风筝一个风筝由他的父亲做给“动词+宾语+时,前要加to.smadethemanwork12 hours a day.The poo

5、rman wasmade tok 12 hours a 1212小时个时,介词一般在原位不动。如：Thegirltakesgoodcareherrother.Thegirls弟rother is taken good care f by “be+过去分词”未必语态,而可能是系表结构Heispleasedworriedtired/.(系表)(他高兴/焦虑/疲劳Hewashit/knocked down/told/shot/ )(/撞倒/关照/射中注意：1）感官动词主动语态的宾语补足语是不带 to Theteacher mademego outoftheclassroom. -I wasmade

6、to go outofthe classroom （bythe Wesawhim playfootballonthe- He was seen to play football on the +Coalcan beusedto produceelectricityfor agriculture and主语(人/物谓语(及物动词) by+人 / 物 + 其他 + 状(动作的承受者(be+过去分词(动作的执行者1. let letthe strange go.-Thestrange waslet let 后宾补较长时，let to 的不定式。例如：Theyallowpermit nurse let

7、 me goto1. let letthe strange go.-Thestrange waslet let 后宾补较长时，let to 的不定式。例如：Theyallowpermit nurse let me goto see myhehospital. -I wasallowed /permittedtoseemyhe2. 短语动词是一个整体，不可丢掉后面的介词或副词。例如Mysister will betakencareof byGrandma. Suchathinghasnever beenheardof before. 3. 表示据说或相信 的词组，基本上由ve,consider,

8、 declare,expect,feel, say, see, It is ethink, understand Itisreported It is It is t It iswellIt is t It It istaken Isbeen t It must bet 4. , , remain, sit, spread, stand, break out,come true, fall asleep, keep silence, hearttake placeAfterthefireverylittleremainedofmyhouse. 大火过后，我家烧得所剩无几。比较：rise, fa

9、ll, happen 是不及物动词；raise, seat 是及物动词。（错）The price has beenThe price hasTheaccidentwashappened（对（错（对The ppenedThe price hasThepricehasbeenThe price hasTheaccidentwashappened（对（错（对The ppenedThe price hasThepricehasbeenraised. Please seat.Pleasebe（错（对（错（对2）不能用语态的及物动词或动词短语，如fit,have,hold,marry,own, wish,

10、notice, watch agree with, arrive at / in, shake hands with, succeed in, suffer happento,takepart in,如：Thiskey justfitsthelock. o,belongto Your storyagreeswithdalreadybeenheard. 3）appeare,fall,feel, get,grow,keep,look,remain, smell, sound, stay,taste, turn 等。例如：Itsoundsgood. 4）带同源宾语的及物动词如die/death, d

11、ream/dream，live/life等，以及反身代词，相互语态。例如：She dreamed a bad dream last night. 她昨晚做了个恶梦。5）（对）She likes to （错）Toswimisliked by5. 1）wash, clean, cook, iron, look, cut, sell, read, wear, feel, draw, write, sellbooksells This knife cuts blame, let（出租）, remain, keep, rent, build 等。例如： Iwastoblamefortheaccident

12、. 事故发生了，我该受指责。 Much work remains. 还有许多活要干。 ThedoorneedsrepairingThedoor needstoberepaired. Thisbook isworth4）特殊结构：makeThisbook isworth4）特殊结构：makesb.heardunderstood（使别人能听见/理解自己）等。例如：Explainit clearly and make yourself understood. 解释清楚些，让别人理解你的话。形式表示主动意义，如 be determined, be pleased, be graduated （from

13、）, be prepared （for）, be occupied （in）, get married 等。例如：He is graduated from a famous university. 他毕业于一所有名的大学。 结婚，用marrysb. 或getmarriedtosb.均可。例如： He married a rich girl. 他与一个富妞结婚了。He got married toarich当 need, want, require, be worth 后面接ng时，表示的是例如： Your hair wants cutting.Thefloorrequireswashing.

14、【针对练习】知识点二：中考数词的学习【内容概述】1-12 是独立词13-19 以 teen 为后缀整十位的以ty 为后缀 几十几连字符别忘记dred 后面加 and.规基数词变序数词有规一二三特殊五和十二ve变f后加九去e后再加整十若要变，y 改 ie 加 th2. 读作： twenty-five billion ,threedred and seventy-eight million, fourdred and twenty thousand, and one.ten分+past+点ten分+past+点（分钟小于30） a ast分+to+点 （分钟大于aquartertohalfpast

15、 thethird10月1nineteensonetwoTwothirdsofthestudentsinourclassarefromPuer. Two thirds of the student is thirteen years old.? +Whats two and three? = Whats two plus three?b.表示减法：Whats +基数词+minus+基数词?Whats three minus two?C.表示乘法：Whats +基数词+times+基数词?Whatstwotimes Whatstwentydividedby“基数词+andahalf+名词的复数t

16、woand ahalf“基数词+名词+andaoneyearandatwoyearsandadredthousandmillionbillion表示确切的数字不能在后面加s dred/ thousand /million /billiondredsof thousandsofmillionsofbillionsof一二次三次或三次以上用: “基数词+times” 如：three课堂练习：语态教研组长（签字：教（签字：校（签字：People use knives for cutting things. Knives for教研组长（签字：教（签字：校（签字：People use knives for cutting things. Knives forcuttingthings.Thestudentscleanthe windows oftheir clas