现在完成时讲解及练习题含答案

1、时态解说：现在达成时(1)组成：现在达成时由助动词have+过去分词组成，助动词have有人称和数的变化。第三人称单数用has,其余用have.现在达成时的否认式直接在助动词后边加上not、疑问式是把助动词提到主语以前。以study为例，其否认式、疑问式和简单回答形式以下：否认式疑问式Ihavenot(havent)studied-HaveIstudiedYouhavenot(havent)studiedHaveyoustudiedHehasnot(hasnt)studiedHashestudied否认疑问式简单回答(必定/否认)HaveInot(HaventI)studiedYes,youh

2、ave.No,youhavenHaveyounot(Haventyou)studiedYes,Ihave.No,Ihavent.Hashenot(Hasnthe)studiedYes,hehas.No,hehasnt.(2)用法：1)现在达成时过去表示在说话以前已经达成的动作或存在的状态。说话人重申的是该动作或状态对现在的结果或影响。Mydaughterhasjustgoneout.我女儿刚出去。Imsurewevemetbe我必定我们以前见过面。Shehasarrived.她到了。表示连续到现在的动作或状态，经常和包括现在在内的表示一段时间的状语连用，女口recently,already,j

3、ust,lately,for,shce,yet:Ihaventheardfromherthesedays.这些日子我没有收到她的信。Wehaventseenyourecently.近来我们没有见到你。Theyhavebeenawayfortwoyears.他们走开已经两年了。ShehasbeenwithussinceMonday.A、八,、;注意：1)sinee和for的差异sinee后接时间点，如1993,lastterm,yesterday,thetimeIgotthere久”，女口tenyears,awhile,twodays等。Exercise:用since禾口for填空1.Jimha

4、sbeeninIreland_Monday.threedays.3.HisaunthaslivedinAustralia_15days.beenthere_7oclock.5.Indiahasbeenanindependentcountry_1974.beenwaiting_20minutes.Theyhaveleftonlyfor5minutes.xfor后接一段时间,表示长达多JillhasbeeninIreland_Maryisinheroffice.ShehasThebusislate.Theyve7.Nobodylivesinthosehouses.Theyhavebeenempty

5、_manyyears.8.Mikehasbeenill_alongtime.Hehasbeeninhospital_October.2)表示短暂意义的动词如arrive,leave,borrow,buy,begin,start,die等，在达成时中间不能够和表示一段时间的状语连用，因为它们表示的动作不能能连续。因此，不能够说：Hehascomeherefor2weeks.xTheoldmanhasdiedfor4months.x以上三句话能够改为：Hehasbeenherefor2weeks.Theyhave_onlyfor5minutes.Theoldmanhas_for4months.3)

6、have(has)been和have(has)gone的差异：表示曾到过某地要用“have(has)been表示已经去某地要用“have(has)gone。试比较：Wherehashebeen他刚才到哪里去了(已经回来了)Wherehashegone他上哪儿去了(人不在)TheyhavebeentoCanada.他们到过加拿大。(现在已经不在加拿大)TheyhavegonetoCanada.他们到加拿大去了。(可能在路上和已经到加拿大)4)现在达成时不能够和表示过去的时间状语连用，如yesterday,lastyear,in1976,twodaysago,justnow,whenIcamein

7、，但能够禾口already,yet,sometimes,always,often,before,lately,recently,once,twice,ever,never等连用。好似：Shehasalreadycome.她已经来了。Ihavenreadityet.我还没读过这个。Ihavemethimbefore.我以前曾见过他。MaHonghasalwaysbeenagoodstudent.马红素来是个好学生。Ihaveoftenseenhiminthestreet.我经常在街上看见他。TheyhaveneverbeentoYan他彳们从未去过延安。Ihaventseenhimlately.

8、我近来没看到他。IrregularVerbsBaseFormPastFormPastParticiplebearborebornbeatbeatbeatenbecomebecamebecomeblowblewblownbringbroughtbroughtbuildbuiltbuiltbuyboughtboughtcatchcaughtcaughtchoosechosechosencomecamecomedodiddonedrinkdrankdrunkdrivedrovedriveneatateeatenfallfellfallenfindfoundfoundflyflewflowngetgo

9、tgotgivegavegivengowentgonegrowgrewgrownhavehadhadhearheardheardkeepkeptkeptleaveleftleftloselostlostmakemademadeputputputreadreadreadrunranrunsaysaidsaidseesawseensellsoldsoldsendsentsentsingsangsungsinksank/sunksunktaketooktakenteachtaughttaughtwritewrotewroteam,iswasbeenarewerebeenExercise:I.Fill

10、intheblankswiththeproperform.I.1_already_(see)thefilm.I_(see)itlastweek._(finish)hisworktodayNotyet.3.Myfather_just_(come)backfromwork.Heistirednow.MingHe_(go)totheteachersoffice.5.I_(work)heresinceI_(move)herein1999._(make)quiteafewfriendshere.Howlong_theWangs_(stay)hereFortwoweeks._just_(finish)my

11、homework.He_(go)toschoolonfooteveryday._(find)yourscieneebookyetIfit_(be)finetomorrow,Illgowithyou.students_(read)Englishwhentheteachercamein.13.Look!Themonkey_(climb)thetree.mother_(come)toseemenextSunday.15.Ivelostmypen.you_(see)itanywhereII.Choosethebestanswer.1.HowlonghaveyouhereA.comeB.gotC.arr

12、ivedD.been2.Mygrandpadied_._heWheresLiSofarIIyouTheA.attheageofmy2C.when1was2.3.Janehas_toBeiJing.Shewillcomebacktomorrow.A.beenB.goneC.went4.ItistenyearsIlastsawher.A.afterB.sinceC.forwillgotothestationtomeetLorry-Iwill.Iherseveraltimes.A.metB.havemetC.hadmet6.-Whatanicedress!Howlongyouit-Just2week

13、s.A.will,buyB.did,buyC.are,havingyouknowLydiaverywell-Yes,SheandI_friendssincewewereveryyoung.A.havemadeB.havebecomeC.havebeen8.TheSmithsinChinafor8years.A.haslivedB.livedC.havebeen9.-Hello,thisisMr.Greenspeaking.CanIspeaktoMr.Black-Sorry.He_theBainiaoPark.A.hasbeentoB.hasgonetoC.wentto10.-youeverto

14、theUS-Yes,twice.A.Have,goneB.Have,beenC,Do,goB.for2yearsD.myagewas6.D.neverbeenD.thatD.willmeetD.have,hadD.haveturnedD.liveD.willgotoD.were,goingIII.Rewritethesentences.1.1havebeentoMacaubefore.I（改为否认句）beentoMacaubefore.2.Hehasntcometoschoeiausehewasill.hecometoschool（就划线部散提问）3.Iboughanewbikejustnow

15、.（用just改写）Ijust_anewbike.4.WebegantolearnEnglishthreeyearsago.（改为同义句）We_English_threeyears5.Hehasneversurfed,_（改成反意疑问句）6.Theyhavebeenheresince2000.（对划线部散提问）_havetheybeenhere7.Theoldman_lastyear.Hehasforayear.（die）（动词填空）8.MissGaoleftanhourago.（同义句变换）MissGaohasanhourago.IV.Askthequestions1）Ihavebeenth

16、erefortwodays.you_2）Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000.yourfather_3）Helefthereyesterday.he_4）Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._theyabookV.Use“never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since”tofillintheblanks.1.Ihave_seenhimbefore,soIhavenoideaabouthim.2.Jackhas_finishedhishomework.3.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool_tenyears

17、.4.“Haveyou_seenthefilm”“No,Ihave_seenit.”5.“Hasthebusleft_”“Yes,ithas_left.”现在达成时练习题及答案一、翻译以下句子：你以前吃过鱼和薯条吗我以前素来没去过那个农场。你已经看过这部电影了吗7.这本词典我已买了三年了。我认识他们五年了。11.自从他搬到济宁，他就住这儿了。已经三年。自从1999年以来他们就认识。了。、用since和for填空yearsyearsago4oockl9._wewerechildrenlunchtimeHehaslivedinNanjing_theyearbeforelast.Ivkenownhi

18、m_wewerechildren.studiedJapanese_threeyears.Shehasbeenawayfromthecity_yearssheleftthecity.我刚才丢了我的化学书。他已经吃过午饭我哥哥还没回来。他走开中国三年了。他们已去了美国五年了。我妹妹成为一个大学生month199974hourshouragoshelefthere14.Ourteacherhasabouttenyears.16.Itabsoutten三、结束性动词变换为以下连续性动词或许表示能够连续的状态的短语。arriveat/insp/getto/reachsp/come/go/movetosp

19、Tbeinsp/atschool/athome/onthefarm/behere/bethere1)HegottoBeijingfiveminutesBeijingfor2)ImovedtotheUSAin2008.ItheUSAsince3)Iwenthomeyesterday.Ihomefor4)Theycameherelastweek.They_heresincecometo/gobackto/returntoTbebacktogooutTbeout1)Hecameouttwoyears_for.2)WereturntoBeijing_toBeijingsince_.become宀be1

20、)Ibecameateacherin2000.I_ateacherfor.2)Theriverbecamedirtylastyear.Theriver_dirtyfor_.closeTbeclosedopenbeopen1)Theshopclosedtwohoursago.Theshop_for_2)Thedooropenedatsixinthedoor_forsixhours.getuptbe；updietebdead；leavesp.tbeawayfromsp.fallasleep/gettotsleept；bfeiniasshle/eepndtbe；ovmearrrytbemarrie；

21、d1)Igotuptwohours_since_.2)HeleftShanghaijust_Shanghaiforfiveminutes.3)Mygrandpadiedingrandpa_for_.4)Themeetingfinishedatmeeting_forsixhours.5)Igottosleeptwohoursago.I_since_.6)Theymarriedin1990.They_since.start/begintodosth.Ibegantoteachatthisschoolin1995.Thefilmbegantwominutesago.t；bdeogsinth.beon

22、_atthisschoolsince_Thefilm_for_borrowtkee；plosetnothave；buythave；putontwearcatch/getacoldthav；eagceotldtoknowtknow1)Theyborroweditlastweek.They_itsince2)Iboughtapentwohoursago.I_apenfor_3)Igottoknowhimlastyear.Ihimsince_4)Iputonmyglassesthreeyearsago.I_myglassesfor_have/hasgonetothavebeeninHehasgone

23、to_Beijingfortwodays.jointheleague/theParty/thearmytbealeaguemember/aPartymember/asoldiertbeamemberoftheleague/thePartytbeintheleague/theParty/thearmyHejoinedtheleaguein2002.He_afortwoyears.He_a_thefortwoyears.He_theleaguefortwoyears.Mybrotherjoinedthearmytwoyearsago.Mybrothera_for_Mybrother_infortw

24、oyears.四、划线提问1)Ihavebeentherefortwodays._you_2)Myfatherhaslivedheresince2000._yourfather_Helefthereyesterday._he_Theyboughtabooktwohoursago._they_abook五、用have(has)been或have(has)gone填空。Where_LiFei_He_toHainanIsland.He_thereforthreedays.Whenwillhecomeback,doyouknowB:Imafraidhewontcomebackrecently.Coul

25、dyoutellmethewaytoHainanIslandSorry,I_never_there.Howmanytimes_LiFei_tothatplaceHe_thereonlyonce.六、用have/hasbeento/in,havegoneto及go的各样形式填空。WhereisJackHe_hiscountry.David_theparkjustnow.John_Englandsincehecameback.4)Howlong_they_thisvillageTheSmiths_Beijingforyears.6)_youever_America-Yes,I_theremanyt

26、imes.I_thisschoolsincethreeyearsago.8)WhereisJimHe_thefarm.9)When_he_He_anhourago.10)Wouldyouliketo_tothezoowithme-Yes,butI_therebefore.11)Where_you_now-I_tothezoo.Heoften_swimming._you_therelastyear14)_theyoften_skatinginwinter七用never,ever,already,just,yet,for,since填空1.Ihave_seenhimbefore,soIhaveno

27、ideaabouthim.Jackhas_finishedhishomework.Mr.Wanghastaughtinthisschool_tenyears.4.“Haveyou_seenthefilm”“No,Ihave_seenit.5.“Hasthebusleft_”“Yes,ithas_left.”八.用适合的时态填空：s_(live)hereeversinceshewasten.ofthem(be)inHongkongfortendays.ofthem_(come)toHongkongtendaysago.4.Halfanhour_(pass)sincethetrain_(leave

28、).Mary_(lose)herpen._you_(see)ithereandthere_you_(find)yourwatchyet7.-Areyouthirsty-NoI_just_(have)someorange.8.Wealready_(return)thebook._they_(build)anewschoolinthevillage10.I(notfinish)myhomework.Canyouhelpme11.Myfather_(read)thenoveltwice.I_(buy)abookjustnow.I_(lost)mywatchyesterday.Myfather_(re

29、ad)thisbooksinceyesterday.答案一翻译以下句子：Haveyoueverhad/eatenfishandchips2.Ihavejustlostmychemistrybook.3.Ihaveneverbeentothefarmbefore.4.Hehasalreadyhadlunch=Hehashadlunchalready.5.Haveyouseenthemovieyet6.Mybrotherhasncotme/get/beenbackyet=Mybrotherhasnreturnedyet.Ihavehadthisdictionaryforthreeyears/sin

30、cethreeyearsago.8.HasbeenawayfromChinaforthreeyears.Ihaveknownthemforfiveyears.TheyhavebeenintheUSAforfiveyears.HehasbeenheresincehemovedtoJining.12.Mysisterhasbeenacollegestudentforthreeyears=Mysisterhasbeenincollegeforthreeyears.13.Theyhaveknowneachothersince1999.14.Ihavebeeninthisschoolforoverthr

31、eeyears.二、用since或许for填空for2.since3.since4.since5.since6.since7.for8since10.sincesince13.since16.since三、结束性动词变换为以下连续性动词或许表示能够连续的状态的短语1.hasbeenin,fiveminuteshavebeenin,2008havebeenat,twodayshavebeen,lastweek1.havebeenout,twoyearshavebeenback,yesterday1.havebeen,nineyearshasbeen,twoyears1.hasbeenclosed,twohourshasbeenopen1.havebeenup,twohoursagohasbeenawayfromhasbeendead,sevenyearshasbeenoverhavebeenasleep,twohoursagohavebeen