铁路车辆中英文对照

1、机车locomotive机车种类typesoflocomotive蒸汽机车steamlocomotive内燃机车；曾用名柴油机车diesellocomotive电力机车electriclocomotive燃气轮机车gasturbinelocomotive动车组motortrainunit；motortrainset动车mototcar拖车trailer铁路干线机车railwaytrunklinelocomotive工矿机车industrialandmininglocomotive客运机车passengerlocomotive货运机车freightlocomotive；goodslocomoti

2、ve调车机车shuntinglocomotive；switcher小运转机车locomotivefordistricttransfer；transferlocomotivetrain路用机车locomotiveofservicetrain；servicelocomotives配属机车allocatedlocomotive非配属机车un-allocatedlocomotive支配机车disposallocomotive非支配机车un-disposallocomotive运用机车locomotiveinoperation检修机车locomotiveunderrepairing备用机车locomot

3、iveinreserve封存机车locomotivestoredup待修机车locomotivewaitingforrepair机车出租leasedlocomotive机车报废locomotiveretirement机车储备locomotivereservation；locomotivestorage机车整备locomotiveservicing；locomotiverunningpreparation机车整备能力locomotiveservicecapacity机车技术规范locomotivetechnicalspecification转向架中心bogiepivotcenter转向架中心距离

4、distancebetweenbogiepivotcenters；bogiepivotpitch机车全轴距locomotivetotalwheelbase机车转向架轴距locomotivewheelbaseofbogie机车固定轴距locomotiverigidwheelbase机车长度locomotiveoveralllength机车宽度locomotivewidth机车高度locomotiveheight机车计算重量calcuatedweightoflocomotive机车整备重量locomotiveserviceweight机车重量locomotiveweight机车粘着重量locomo

5、tiveadhesiveweight轴重转移；轴荷载转移axleloadtransfer粘着重量利用系数adhesiveweightutilityfactor机车重量分配weightdistributionoflocomotive轮对横动量lateralplayofwheelset机车噪声locomotivenoise热值；发热量heatvalue机车万吨公里能耗energyconsumptionper10；000t-kmoflocomotive机车用煤coalforlocomotive机车用柴油dieseloilforlocomotive机车用电electricityforlocomotiv

6、e机车用换算煤convertedcoalforlocomotive标准煤standardcoal机车用润滑剂lubricantforlocomotive给水watersupply水鹤watercrane给水处理watersupplytreatment炉内软水watersoftenedinboiler炉外软水watersoftenedoutofboiler软水watersoftened净水waterpurified机务段locomotivedepot机车运用段locomotiverunningdepot机车检修段locomotiverepairdepot机车折返段locomotiveturnar

7、ounddepot列车无线电调度系统trainradiodispatchingsystem机车监控记录装置locomotivesuperviseandrecordapparatus机车故障locomotivefailure机车牵引特性locomotivetractivecharacteristic机车效率totallocomotiveefficiency机车轮周效率efficiencyoflocomotiveatwheelrim机车传动功率transmissionefficiencyoflocomotive机车牵引特性曲线locomotivetractivecharacteristiccurv

8、e机车轮周功率曲线locomotivepowercurveatwheelrim机车牵引力曲线locomotivetractiveeffortcurve机车预期牵引特性曲线predeterminedtractivecharacteristiccurveoflocomotive机车功率locomotivepower轮周功率outputpoweratwheelrim比功率power/weightratio比重量weight/powerratio单位体积功率specificvolumepower机车牵引|力locomotiveteractiveeffort轮周牵引力tractiveeffortatwh

9、eelrim车钩牵引力tractiveeffortatcoupler；drawbarpull起动牵引力stsrtingtractiveeffort粘着牵引力adhesivetractiveeffort持续牵引力continuoustractiveeffort基本阻力basicresistance运行阻力runningresistance惰行阻力idleruningresistance；coastingresistance起动阻力startingresistance附加阻力additionalresistance坡道阻力gradientresistance曲线阻力curveresistance空

10、气阻力airresistance单位阻力unitresistance；specificresistance换算阻力；加算阻力convertedresistance速度控制系统speedcontrolsystem加速acceleration减速deceleration恒速constantspeed加速力accelerationforce减速力decelerationforce列车制动trainbraking制动方式brakemode空气制动airbrake真空制动vacuumbrake动力制动dynamicbrake液力制动hydraulicbrake电阻制动rheostaticbrake再生制

11、动regenerativebrake电空制动electropneumaticbrake蓄能制动energy-storingbrake涡流制动eddycurrentbrake磁轨制动electromagneticrailbrake踏面制动treadbrake盘型制动discbrake机车制动周期locomotivebrakingperiod机车制动距离locomotivebrakingdistance机车每轴闸瓦作用力brakeshoeforceperaxleoflocomotive制动braking常用制动servicebraking；serviceapplication最大常用制动；常用全制

12、动fullservivebraking；fullserviceapplication阶段制动graduatedapplication自然制动unintendedbraking；undesiredbraking紧急制动emergencybraking；emergencyapplication意外紧急制动undesirableemergencybraking；UDE缓解release直接缓解；一次缓解directrelease阶段缓解graduatedrelease自然缓解unintendedrelease；undesiredrelease漏泄leakage充风；充气charging阶段提升gra

13、duatedincreasing保持位suppression；maintainingposition；holdingposition制动管减压量brakepipepressurereduction过量减压overreduction局部减压localreduction分段减压splitreduction最大常用减压fullservivereduction常用局减quickservice紧急局减quickaction前后风压差falsegradient歹U车管压差trainpipepressuregradient保压停车stoppingatmaintainingposition缓解停车stoppi

14、ngatrelease缓解波速releasepropagationrate制动波速brakingpropagationrate机车制动机locomotivebrakegear空气压缩机aircompressor调压器pressureregulator给风阀feedvalve减压阀reducingvalve机车分配阀locomotivedistributingvalve切换阀transfervalve自动制动阀automaticbrakevalve单独制动阀independentbrakevalve滤尘止回阀strainercheckvalve机车紧急放风阀locomotiveemergency

15、ventvalve高压保安阀highpressuresafetyvalve低压保安阀lowpressuresafetyvalve无载起动电空阀no-loadstartingelectropneumaticvalve油水分离器oil-waterseparator总风缸mainairreservoir空气干燥器airdryer撒砂装置sandingdevice砂箱sandbox撒砂阀sandingvalve撒砂器sandingsprayer紧急撒砂emergencysanding自动撒砂automaticsanding间隙效应slackactionL/V比值L/Vratio弓网关系pantogra

16、ph-contactlinerelation机车牵引区段locomotivetractivedistrict机车交路locomotiverouting单肩回交路single-armrouting双肩回交路double-armrouting半循环交路semi-looprouting循环交路looprouting环形交路circularrouting短交路shortrouting长交路longrouting直通交路throughrouting机车乘务制度locomotivecrewworkingsystem机车包乘制systemofassigningcrewtodesignatedlocomoti

17、ve机车轮乘制locomotivecrewpoolingsystem机车随乘制locomotivecaboosecrewsystem机车乘务组locomotivecrew司机driver副司机assisantdriver指导司机driverinstructor司炉fireman机车运用指标indexoflocomotiveoperation机车出入段作业preparationoflocomotiveforleavingandarrivingatdepot机车全周转completeturnroundoflocomotive机车在段停留时间detentiontimeoflocomotiveatde

18、pot机车全周转距离diatanceofonecompleteturnroundoflocomotive机车全周转时间periodofonecompleteturnroundoflocomotive机车走行公里locomotiverunningkilometers换算走行公里convertedrunningkilometers沿线走行公里runningkilometersontheroad辅助走行公里auxiliaryrunningkilometers本务走行公里leadinglocomotiverunningkilometers单机走行公里lightlocomotiverunningkilo

19、meters重联机车走行公里multi-locomotiverunningkilometers机车日车公里averagedailylocomotiverunningkilometers机车平均牵弓1总重averagegrossweighthauledbylocomotive机车日产量averagedailyoutputoflocomotive运用机车台数numberoflocomotiveinservice机车需要系数coefficientoflocomotivesrequirment单机运行lightlocomotiverunning双机牵引；双机重联牵引doublelocomotivetr

20、action多机牵引multi-locomotivetraction主机；本务机车leadinglocomotive机车超重牵引1tractionfortrainexceedmassnorm机车调度命令locomotivediapatchingorder机务段运行揭示runningservice-bulletinofdepot司机运转保单driversservice-report；driverslog司机室driverscab司机操纵台driversdesk司机模拟操纵装置simulatorfordrivertrain-handling优化操纵optimumhandling；optimumop

21、timumoperation机车自动操纵automaticlocomotiveoperation机车保养locomotivemaintenance机车检修locomotiveinspectionandrepair机车检修修程classificationoflocomotiverepair机车大修locomotiveoverhaulrepair；locomotivegeneraloverhaul架修intermediaterepair定修periodicalrepair；lightrepair蒸汽机车洗修steamlocomotiveboilerwashoutrepair机车厂修locomotiverepairinworks机车段修locomotiverepairindepot日常检查routineinspection机车临修locomotivetemporaryrepair定期检修repairbasedont