heart attack什么是心脏病发作

1、 HEART ATTACK心脏病What is a heart attack?什么是心脏病发作A heart attack is the death of heart muscle from the sudden blockage of a coronary artery by a blood clot.心脏病发作是由血块突然阻塞冠状动脉造成心脏肌肉死亡。 What are coronary arteries?什么是冠状动脉Coronary arteries are blood vessels that supply the heart muscle with blood and oxygen

2、.冠状动脉是供应心脏肌肉血液和氧气的血管。What is Plaque? 什么是斑块Plaque is made up of fat, cholesterol, calcium, and other substances found in the blood. Over time, plaque hardens and narrows the arteries. The flow of oxygen-rich blood to the organs and other parts of the body is reduced. 斑块由脂肪，胆固醇，钙和其他存在于血液中的物质组成。随着时间的推移

3、，斑块会让动脉变硬，变窄。使流到器官和身体的其他部分的富含氧气的血液的减少。 Blockage of a coronary artery deprives the heart muscle of blood and oxygen, causing injury to the heart muscle. 堵塞的冠状动脉剥夺了供给心脏肌肉的血液和氧气，对心脏肌肉造成伤害。 Injury to the heart muscle causeschest painand chest pressure sensation. 心脏肌肉的损伤会导致胸痛和胸闷。 If blood flow is not res

4、tored to the heart muscle within 20 to 40 minutes, irreversible death of the heart muscle will begin to occur. 如果在20至40分钟内，血液没有流向心脏肌肉，将开始发生不可恢复的心脏肌肉死亡。 Muscle continues to die for six to eight hours at which time the heart attack usually is complete. The dead heart muscle is eventually replaced by s

5、car tissue.肌肉持续死亡六至八个小时的时间，心脏病发作通常是“完全的。”最终，死亡的心脏肌肉被疤痕组织所代替。 AtherosclerosisCoronary ThrombosisDegenerative heart disease Hypertension Some classification of heart attack 一些心脏病发作的分类 动脉粥样硬化冠状动脉血栓形成退行性心脏疾病高血压 Atherosclerosis动脉粥样硬化 Atherosclerosis is a gradual process by which collections of cholestero

6、l (plaques) are deposited in the walls of arteries.动脉粥样硬化是沉积在动脉壁里胆固醇（斑块）逐渐累积的过程。 Cholesterol plaques cause hardening of the arterial walls and narrowing of the inner channel (lumen) of the artery. 胆固醇的斑块会导致动脉壁硬化和动脉的内部通道（腔）变窄。Arteries that are narrowed by atherosclerosis cannot deliver enough blood t

7、o maintain normal function of the parts of the heart. 由于动脉粥样硬化而变窄的动脉，不能提供足够的血液来维持心脏的正常功能。 Arteries that are narrowed by atherosclerosis cannot deliver enough blood to maintain normal function of the parts of the body they supply. 动脉粥样硬化而变窄的动脉，不能供应足够的血液来维持身体各部分的正常功能。 For example, atherosclerosis of t

8、he arteries in the legs causes reduced blood flow to the legs. Reduced blood flow to the legs can lead to pain in the legs whilewalkingor exercising,例如，在腿上的动脉粥样硬化导致腿部的血流量减少。在步行或运动时，腿的血流量减少，造成腿部疼痛。Atherosclerosis of the arteries that furnish blood to the brain can lead to vasculardementia(mental dete

9、rioration due to gradual death of brain tissue over many years) orstroke(sudden death of brain tissue).患有动脉粥样硬化的动脉提供血液到大脑，可导致血管性痴呆（多年来脑组织逐渐死亡，智力减退）或中风（脑组织突然死亡）。Coronary Thrombosis冠状动脉血栓When a sudden blockage is come to any of the artery and it branches in heart is known as coronary thrombosis. 当心脏里的

10、任何动脉及其分支突然堵塞，被称为冠状动脉血栓。 It cause due to narrowing of inner channel of artery and may be the clotting of the blood in that artery. It occur the pain in chest and the arms or sweating.病因是由于动脉内通道变窄，并可能是该动脉的血液凝块。 症状是：胸部和手臂的疼痛或出汗。 Degenerative heart disease退行性心脏疾病 When the blood vessel is get infected th

11、is is called degenerative heart disease. This happen generally in the adult people who are addicted to Tabacco. In this the muscles do their work but due to weakness it not works as healthy muscles.当血管被感染，这就是所谓的退行性心脏病。这通常发生在沉迷于烟草的成年人群。在这种情况下心脏肌肉也运作，但由于虚弱，不能像健康肌肉一样运作。 Hypertension 高血压Those people who

12、 are suffering from the hypertension. In their heart muscles to much strain is come so there tissue of the muscles gets damage and the supply of the blood to the body part is e affected 患高血压人群。他们的心脏肌肉多劳损，所以这些肌肉组织受损害及供应到身体各个部位的血液也受到影响Sometimes due to the less supply of the blood to the brain cause pa

13、ralysis to the body. 有时因供应到大脑血液减少造成身体瘫痪。 Symptoms 症状Although chest pain or pressure is the most common symptom of a heart attack, heart attack victims may experience a variety of symptoms including:Pain, fullness, and/or squeezing sensation of the chest.胸痛或胸闷是心脏病发作的最常见的症状。心脏病发作受害者还可能会遇到的各种症状，包括：疼痛，饱

14、胀，和/或胸部挤压的感觉。 Jaw pain,toothache,headacheShortness of breathNausea,vomiting, and/or general epigastria (upper middle abdomen) fortSweatingHeartburnand/orindigestion颚疼痛，牙痛，头痛气短恶心，呕吐，一般上腹（中上腹部）不适出汗胃灼热，消化不良 Arm pain(more commonly the left arm, but may be either arm)Upper back painGeneral malaise (vague

15、 feeling of illness)手臂疼痛（通常左手臂，也可以是任何一只手臂）上背部疼痛全身不适（生病的感觉） No symptoms (Approximately one quarter of all heart attacks are silent, without chest pain or new symptoms. Silent heart attacks are especially common among patients with diabetes mellitus.)没有症状（约四分之一的心脏发作是没有征兆的，无胸痛或其他的症状。无征兆的心脏病发作，在糖尿病患者中尤其

16、常见）。 Causes 病因Overweight Lack of physical activities and exerciseHigh blood pressureNon-insulin dependent diabetes (Type II)High serum cholesterol超重缺乏体力活动和锻炼高血压非胰岛素依赖型糖尿病（II型）血清胆固醇高 StressAnxietySmoking and tobaccoFaulty dietCraving for ghee and butter Old age压力焦虑吸烟与烟草饮食不当过度食用酥油和黄油年纪的增长Yogic Treatme

17、nt瑜伽理疗Yogic Treatment瑜伽治疗Shat karmasAsanas PranayamaMassage Diet Other practices清洁法体位呼吸按摩 饮食 其它练习Asanas 体位All the joint movement exerciseHand ClenchingWrist Bending Wrist RotationAnkle BendingAnkle RotationElbow, shoulder and knee bending and rotation所有关节活动握拳弯曲手腕环绕手腕弯曲脚踝环绕脚踝手肘，肩膀和膝盖的弯曲及环绕Tadagasana

18、(pond pose)池塘式UseGenerally practiced to get rid of fatigue, strain, exertion etc.普遍用作摆脱疲劳，紧张，劳累等的练习Take supine position, then bend both legs in knees and bring toes near to hips with legs 1 to 1.5 foot apart, cross arms around head. Relax all your body muscles and continue normal breathing. While re

19、leasing slowly move legs to original position, hands to normal position.仰卧，然后曲双膝，脚趾靠近臀部，双腿打开1到1.5倍脚宽，双臂于头上方交叉。放松全身肌肉，并继续正常呼吸。同时缓慢移动双腿到原来的位置，双手回正。 Vajrasana (Thunderbolt pose)金刚座Internal EffectsAlong with the body, the mind also gets stabilized in this Asana. Hence, it is preferred for concentration

20、Pranayama and meditation. 内部效果跟随身体，心里也在这个体位中获得稳定。因此，它是首选的专注于调息和冥想的体位。 The special fold of the legs forms one Bandha in this Asana. Consequently the blood circulation in the waist-downward parts is controlled. For this reason this Asana is mended after Shirshasana.在这个体位中特殊的折叠腿形成一个收束。因此，腰部向下的血液循环得到控制。出于这个原因，这个体位也建议在Shirshasana（单腿背部伸展式）后练习。 Ardhachakrasana 1 (half wheel pose)半轮式 1Ardhachakrasana 2半轮式2Anantasana 1毗湿奴1式Anantasana 2毗湿奴2式Bhujangasana眼镜蛇式 Dhanurasana (bow pose)弓式Pavanamuktasana 2 legs (Gas release pose)除气式Savasana 摊尸式Pr