英语专业四级必备练习

1、TEST41.Whenastatementisnegated,itspresuppositionis_.当一个语句的否认，其前提是A.stilltrueB.falseC.alsonegatedD.neithertruenorfalse（正确答案：A）2.Pragmaticfailuremayoccur_.语用失误可能发生A.amonglearnersofaforeignlanguageonlyB.incross-culturalcommunicationonlyC.inbothcross-culturalandintra-culturalcommunicationD.amongspeakers

2、ofthesamelanguageonly（正确答案：C）在跨文化和文化沟通中3.Whichofthefollowingisapairofrelationalantonyms关系反义词A.dead/aliveB.large/smallC.male/femaleD.husband/wife（正确答案：D）4.Thesentence“JohnboughtaFord”_“Johnboughtacar.”A.presupposesB.entailsC.issynonymouswithD.isconsistentwith（正确答案：B）需要5.Theinferenceofconventionalimpl

3、icaturedependson_.惯例含意的推导A.thecontextofcommunicationB.thehearersknowledgeofthelanguageC.thesharedknowledgeofthespeakerandthehearerD.thehearersknowledgeoftheCP.（正确答案：B）6.Therelationbetweenthewords“animal”and“monkey”isthatof_.C.antonymyD.hyponymy（正确答案：D）上下义关系7.AccordingtoSearlesclassificationofspeecha

4、cts,theactof“advising”belongstothecategoryof_.A.directivesB.commissivesC.expressivesD.assertives（正确答案：A）指令8.Whichofthefollowingutterancescanserveasanexampleofthetypeofspeechactscalled“declarations”A.Imawfullysorryforsteppingonyourtoes.B.Youarefired!C.WillyousitdownpleaseD.Theearthisaglobe.（正确答案：B）9.

5、Theexchangebelowcanbeusedasanillustrationof_.A:Yournewskirtisreallynice!B:No,no.Itisverycheap.（正确答案：C）语用失误Intheexchangebelowthesecondspeakerhasfloutingthemaxim违犯准则of_.A:Themoviewesawlastnightwasfantastic,dontyouthinkB:Thesoundeffectwasgood.（正确答案：C）relationbetween“Christopherrealized“Winniewasgone”is

6、_.A.synonymyB.entailmentthatWinniewasgone”C.presuppositionandD.inconsistency（正确答案：C）预设12.“careful”inthephrase“averycarefulgirlD.complement”is_.（正确答案：B）修饰语13.Thesentence“C”_“C.”C.presupposesD.inlcudes（正确答案：C）预设Predicationanalysis展望剖析isawayproposedbythestructuralsemanticists构造语义学toanalyzethemeaningofa

7、_.A.morphemeB.wordC.phraseD.sentence（正确答案：D）15.Thefunctionoftheutterance“Niceweather,isntit”is_.A.referentialB.directiveC.phaticD.descriptive（正确答案：C）16.Transformationalrulesdonotchangethebasic_ofsentences.A.formB.structureC.meaningD.soundpattern（正确答案：C）“Lift”and“elevator”areusedrespectivelyinBritish

8、EnglishandAmericanEnglish,buttheyrefertothesamething.Thewordsare_synonyms.（正确答案：B）方言18.AccordingtoSearle,thoseillocutionaryacts言外行为whosepointistocommitthespeakertosomefuturecourseofactionarecalled_.A.commissivesB.directivesC.expressivesD.declaratives（正确答案：A）许诺19.Inthephrasestructurerule“SNPVP”,thear

9、rowcanbereadas_.A.isequaltoB.consistsof（正确答案：B）20.Transformationalrulesdonotchangethebasic_ofsentences.A.formB.structureC.meaningD.soundpattern（正确答案：C）1.Utterancemeaning话语意义isricherthansentencemeaning;itisidenticalwiththepurposeforwhichthespeakeruttersthesentence.Alocutionaryistheactofsayingsomethin

10、ginthefullsenseof“say”.Specificactsthatfallintoeachtypesharethesameillocutionary言外point,butdifferintheirstrength.actofostensivecommunication明示社交communicatesthepresumptionofitsownoptimalrelevance.最正确关系性5.Reference参照iswhatalinguisticformreferstointhereal,physicalworld;itdealswiththerelationshipbetween

11、thelinguisticelementandthenon-linguisticworldofexperience.argumentisalogicalparticipantinapredication,largelyidenticalwiththenominalelementsinasentence.三、TrueorFalse（每题分，总合分）samesemanticfeatureoccursinonepartofspeechonly.Forexample,femaleoccursonlyinnounssuchasmother,womangirltigressandsoonbutnotino

12、therpartsofspeech.（正确答案：错误）toSearlesclassificationofillocutionaryacts,inviting,ordering,advising,promisingandapologizingallfallintothecategoryofdirectives.（正确答案：错误）formshavingthesamesensemayhavedifferentreferencesindifferentsituationswhilelinguisticformswiththesamereferencealwayshavethesamesense.。（正

13、确答案：错误）importantdifferencebetweenpresuppositionandentailmentisthatpresupposition,unlikeentailment,isnotvulnerabletonegation.Thatistosay,ifasentenceisnegated,theoriginalpresuppositionisstilltrue.。（正确答案：正确）预设和蕴涵的重要差别是，预设不像蕴涵，是不容易的否认。也就是说，假如一个句子能否认的，原来的前提仍旧是真切的theviewsconcerningthestudyofsemantics语义,th

14、econtextualview,whichplacesthestudyofmeaninginthecontextinwhichlanguageisused,isoftenconsideredastheinitialefforttostudymeaninginapragmaticsense.语意图识。（正确答案：正确）performinganillocutionaryactofrepresentative,thespeakerismakingastatementorgivingadescriptionwhichhehimselfbelievestobetrue.。（正确答案：正确）isbased

15、onsentencemeaning;itistherealizationoftheabstractmeaningofasentenceinarealsituationofcommunicationorsimplyincontext.。（正确答案：正确）8.“above”and“below”areapairofcomplementaryantonyms.。（正确答案：错误）DialectalsynonymscanoftenbefoundindifferentregionaldialectssuchasBritishEnglishandAmericanEnglishbutcannotbefound

16、withinthevarietyitself,forexample,withinBritishEnglishorAmericanEnglish.。（正确答案：错误）whenamaximunderCooperativePrinciple合作原则下的一条准则isblatantlyviolated公开违犯andthehearerknowsthatitisbeingviolateddoconversationalimplicaturesarise.。（正确答案：正确）TEST51.Thechildrenknowthetaboowords禁忌词,thepoliteformsofadress,during

17、_.A.atypicaldevelopmentB.grammaticaldevelopmentC.pragmaticdevelopmentD.vocabularydevelopment您的答案：C语用发展2._theorizedthatacquisitionoflanguageisaninnateprocess与生俱来的过程determinedbybiologicalfactorswhichlimittheimportantperiodforacquisitionofalanguagefromroughlytwoyearsofagetopubery.A.InputHypothesisB.Cri

18、ticalPeriodHypothesisC.InteractionHypothesisD.Sapir-WhorfHypothesis您的答案：B临界周期假说3.Infirstlanguageacquisition,imitationplays_.A.aminorroleB.asignificantroleC.abasicroleD.norole您的答案：A小角色4.Linguistshavefoundthatforthevastmajorityofchildren,languagedevelopmentoccurs_.withlittleconsciousinstructionwithmuc

19、himitationwithmuchcorrectionfromtheirparentswithlittlelinguisticinput您的答案：A5.Inthefollowingstatementsaboutmotivation,whichoneisNOTtrueA.Itisdefinedasthelearnersattitudesandaffectivestateorlearningdrive.B.Ithasastrongimpactonalearnerseffortsinlearningasecondlanguage.Itoccursonlywhenlearnerslearnaseco

20、ndlanguageforexternalpurpose.D.Itplaysanimportantroleinlearnersuseoflearningstrategies.您的答案：Cmeaningthatcanbefoundinthedictionaryisthe_meaningofaword.您的答案：D外延7.TheSapir-WhorfHypothesisisabout_.萨丕尔-沃尔夫假说A.languageandthoughtB.languageandtranslationC.culturalstructureD.secondlanguageacquisition您的答案：A8.

21、Thefactthatalexicalitem一个词项mayundergoashiftinmeaningiscalled_inlinguistics.您的答案：Cmeaning-shift9.Languagechangeis_.continuous,regular,systematic,butnotuniversaluniversal,continuous,butnotregularandsystematicalwaysregularandsystematic,butnotuniversalandcontinuousD.universal,continuousand,toalargeexten

22、t,regularandsystematic您的答案：D广泛的，连续的，在很大程度上，按期和系统的theageoftwo,childrenbegintoproducetwo-wordutterancessuchas“mommysock”,whichofthefollowingstatementsdescribesitsfeatureThiskindofspeechiscalledcaretakertalk.Thiskindofspeechiscalledtelegraphicspeech.Therearecontentwordsinthespeech.Therearenotfunctionel

23、ementsinthespeech.您的答案：A11.Thelanguagecharacteristicofpeopleofthesamesocialbackgroundiscalled_.您的答案：C方言12.Themoststrikingdifferencebetweenthelanguageoftheoldandthatoftheyoungisfound_.inthewaytheyconstructsentencesinthewaytheyusebodylanguage您的答案：A13.AccordingtoFergusonsinvestigation,thehighformofalan

24、guageisusedinallthefollowingsituationsinadiglossiccountryEXCEPT_.您的答案：C政治漫画标题toSapir-WhorfHypothesis,whichofthefollowingisNOTtrueDifferentlanguagesofferpeopledifferentwaysofexpressingtheworldaround.Languagestructurepeoplehabituallyuseshowsnoinfluenceonpeoplesbehavior.C.Languagefilterspeoplespercepti

25、onandthewaytheycategorizeexperiences.D.Languagepatternsdetermineorinfluencepeoplesthinkingandbehavior.您的答案：B人们习惯性地使用语言构造对人们的行为没有影响。ofthefollowingabouttherelationshipbetweenlanguageandcultureisNOTtrueLanguageuseistintedwithitsculture.Therelationshipisanalogoustothatofstructuresandprocesses.Languageex

26、pressesculturalreality.Therelationshipoflanguagetocultureisthatofparttowhole.您的答案：B这类关系近似于构造和过程的关系。culturethatisabstract,ambiguousandhiddenrefersto_.您的答案：A“Radar”isa/an_.您的答案：D钱币制度18.Thestudyofhowlanguageislearnediscalled_.您的答案：Bthefollowingtheories,whichhasnothingtodowithchildlanguageacquisitionA.T

27、hecontextualistviews.B.Thebehavioristviews.C.Theinnatistviews.D.Theinterationistviews.您的答案：AAccordingtosomeinvestigations,allthefollowingcharacterizewomenspeakersspeechEXCEPT_.A.theytendtousesuchwordsasawfully,terriblemoreoftenthanmentheytendtobemorecorrectintheirusagethanmentheytendtospeakmorequick

28、lythanmentheytendtousequestiontagsmoreoftenthanmen您的答案：C21.WhatdescriptionisTRUEwithstandarddialectItisrelatedtosomeparticulargroupoflanguageusersinChina.B.Itisasociallyprestigiousdialectofalanguage,henceasociolect.C.Itisasuperimposedformaboveovertherangeofregionaldialect.D.Itismostcorrectinlinguist

29、icformsamongallthelanguagevarietiestolinguists.您的答案：C这是一个叠加的形式以上的地区方言的范围。famousline“Myloveisared,redrose”stirsuptheimaginationofabeautifulyounglady.Thisisthe_meaning.您的答案：B标记性的ThefollowingisthelanguageusedbytwospeakersAandB.A:Ididityesterday.B:Idoneityesterday.Hehasntgotit.AItwasshethatsaiditItwashe

30、rwhatsaidit.Fromthiswecaninferthat_.AandBsrelativesocialstatuscanroughlybeestimatedAndBhavecomefromdifferentregionsC.AandBdisplaydifferentlinguisticskillsandlinguisticcompetenceAandBhavelearneddifferentlanguagesatschool您的答案：A,B方的相对社会地位能够大略预计istruethatwordsmayshiftinmeaning,.semanticchange.Thesemanti

31、cchangeofthewordtailbelongto_.narrowingofmeaningmeaningshiftwideningofmeaninglossofmeaning您的答案：C意义扩大25.Aslateasthefifteenandsixteenthcenturies,onecouldmerelyaddnotattheendofanaffirmativesentencetonegateit,asinILovetheenot.However,inmodernEnglish,peoplewillsay“Idonotloveyou.”Thisshowschangein_.A.voca

32、bularyB.agreementruleC.syntacticrelationsD.negationrule您的答案：D否认规则isdefinedasanyregionallyorsociallydefinablehumangroupidentifiedbysharedlinguisticsystem.您的答案：A语言社区Variationinlanguageuseisalsoassociatedwiththesexofindividualspeakers.Whichofthefollowingtermdoesthisdefinitionfitfor您的答案：Bsociolinguistic

33、conceptdoesthisfollowingsayingbelongtoIfwedontbeginstudyingforthefinal,awholesemestersworkisgoingdownthetubes.A.SlangB.EuphemismC.TabooD.Ethnicdialect您的答案：A俚语ofthefollowingstatementsisNOTtrueaboutBlackEnglishA.BlackEnglishhasitsownfeaturesatthesound,word,andsentencelevel.BlackEnglishisspokenbyasmall

34、sectorofprivilegedblacks.BlackEnglishtendstoimpresspeopleasuneducatedandinferior.BlackEnglishisjustanothernon-standardvarietyofEnglish.您的答案：B黑人英语是由一个小部门的特权黑人所说的。30.Amongthefollowingtermsforthetypesoflanguage,whichisconsideredamoreneutralterms中立项您的答案：D语言变体InHallidayB.thetypeoflanguageselectedasapprop

35、riatetoatypeofsituationtheareaofoperationofthelanguageactivitythechannelofcommunicationselectedasappropriateforacertainsituation您的答案：B选定的语言种类为适合的一种状况32._varietyreferstospeechvariationaccordingtotheparticularareawhereaspeakercomesfrom.A.RegionalB.SocialC.StylisticD.Idiolectal您的答案：A地区33._inapersonsspeech,orwriting,usuallyrangesonacontinuumfromcasualtoformalaccordingtothetypeofcommunicativecontext.您的答案：C语体二、TrueorFalse（每题分，总合分）reasonforFrenchtousechevalandforEnglishtousehorsetorefertothesameanimalisinexplicable没法解说的.正确fromlearnsmothertongueistheonlys