英语句子成分英语句子基本结构讲解练习

1、英语句子成分和英语句子基本结构讲解及练习一、句子的基本结构（5种）1、主语+谓语（s+v）2、主语+系动词+表语（s+l+p）3、主语+谓语+宾语（s+v+o）4、主语+谓语+间接宾语（指人）+直接宾语（指物）(s+v+io+do)5、主语+谓语+宾语+宾语补足语（s+v+o+c）二、句子成分：（主语、谓语、表语、宾语、定语、状语、宾补、同位语、参与语）主语（subject）：句子说明的人或事物。Thesunrisesintheeast（）Helikesdancing.（）Twentyyearsisashorttimeinhistory.()Seeingisbelieving.（）Toseei

2、stobelieve（.）Whatheneedsisabook（.）Itisveryclearthattheelephantisroundandtalllikeatree.（）(一）指出以下句中主语的中心词Theteacherwithtwoofhisstudentsiswalkingintotheclassroom.Thereisanoldmancominghere.Theusefuldictionarywasgivenbymymotherlastyear.Todotodayshomeworkwithouttheteachershelpisverydifficult.谓语（predicate）

3、：是对主语加以陈述，表示主语的行为或状态，常用动词也许动词词组担当，放在主语的后边。WestudyEnglish.Heisasleep.(二).选出句中谓语的中心词D.wallD.busTherewillbeameetingatthelibrarythisafternoon.D.afternoonD.breakfast表（predicative）：系此后的成分，表示主的性、状和特色。Heisateacher.（）Seventy-four!Youdontitlook.（）Fiveandfiveisten.（）Heisasleep.（）Hisfatherisin.（）Thepictureisont

4、hewall.()Mywatchisgone/missing/lost.（）Thequestioniswhethertheywillcome.（）（常的系有:be,sound（听起来）,look（看起来）,feel(摸起来，smell（起来）,taste（、吃起来）,remain（保持，仍是）,feel（感）Itsoundsagoodidea.Thesoundsoundsstrange.Hervoicesoundssweet.Tomlooksthin.Thefoodsmellsdelicious.Thefoodtastesgood.Thedoorremainsopen.NowIfeeltire

5、d.(三)挑出以下句中的表Theoldmanwasfeelingverytired.WhyisheworriedaboutJimTheleaveshaveturnedyellow.SoonTheyallbecameinterestedinthesubject.Shewasthefirsttolearnaboutit.：1）表示行的象，常由名也许代担当。放在及物也许介此后。如：IlikeChina.（）Hehatesyou.（）HowmanydoyouneedWeneedtwo.（）Ienjoyworkingwithyou.（）Ihopetoseeyouagain.（）Didyouwritedo

6、wnwhathesaid（）2）介后的名、代和名-介AreyouafraidofthesnakeUnderthesnow,therearemanyrocks.3）双-（指人）和直（指物）Hegavemeabookyesterday.Givethepoormansomemoney.(四)挑出以下句中的宾语Mybrotherhasntdonehishomework.PeopleallovertheworldspeakEnglish.Youmustpaygoodattentiontoyourpronunciation.HowmanynewwordsdidyoulearnlastclassSomeof

7、thestudentsintheschoolwanttogoswimming,howaboutyou5.宾补：对宾语的补充，全称为宾语补足语。Weelectedhimmonitor.（）Weallthinkitapitythatshedidntcomehere（.）Wewillmakethemhappy.（）Wefoundnobodyin.()Pleasemakeyourselfathome.（）Dontlethimdothat.（）Hisfatheradvisedhimtoteachthelazyboyalesson.（）Donteepkthelightsburning.（）Illhavem

8、ybikerpaired.（）(五)挑出以下句中的宾语补足语Shelikesthechildrentoreadnewspapersandbooksinthereading-room.Heaskedhertotaketheboyoutofschool.TheycallmeLilysometimes.Shefounditdifficulttodothework.IsawMr.Wanggetonthebus.DidyouseeLiMingplayingfootballontheplaygroundjustnow6.定语：修饰或限制名词或代词的词、词组或句子。AiYanlingisachemistry

9、teacher（.）Heisourfriend.（）Webelongtothethirdworld.（）Hewasadvisedtoteachthelazyboyalesson（.）Themanoverthereismyoldfriend.()Thewomanwithababyinherarmsismysister.()TheboysplayingfootballareinClass2.（）Thetreesplantedlastyeararegrowingwellnow.（）Ihaveanideatodoitwell.（）YoushoulddoeverythingthatIdo.（）(六)挑出

10、以下句中的定语TheyuseMr.,Mrs.withthefamilyname.WhatisyourgivennameOnthethirdlapareClass1andClass3.Iamafraidsomepeopleforgottosweepthefloor.Themandownstairswastryingtosleep.状语：用来修饰v.,adj.,adv.,or句子。表示时间、地点、原因、目的、结果、程度、条件、方式和退步。（以下例句按上述序次排列）Iwillgotheretomorrow.Themeetingwillbeheldinthemeetingroom.Themeatwen

11、tbadbecauseofthehotweather.HestudieshardtolearnEnglishwell.Hedidntstudyhardsothathefailedintheexam.Ilikesomeofyouverymuch.Ifyoustudyhard,youwillpasstheexam.Hegoestoschoolbybike.Thoughheisyoung,hecandoitwell.(七)挑出以下句中的状语Therewasabigsmileonherface.Everynightheheardthenoiseupstairs.HebegantolearnEnglishwhenhewaseleven.Themanonthemotorbikewastravellingtoofast.Withthemedicineboxunderher