高中英语语法-Articles冠词讲解-24张课件

1、冠词 Articles12冠词 Articles12冠词 I.冠词的定义 冠词是一种虚词,没有词义,没有数和格的变化,不能单独使用,只能帮助名词或起名词作用的其它词类说明其意义. II.冠词的种类 冠词分为定冠词和不定冠词两大类.定冠词特指一特定名词,不定冠词泛指一 般普通名词.22022/10/1冠词 I.冠词的定义22022/9/28语法 Articles ( 冠词）冠词不定冠词定冠词零冠词aanthe不使用冠词32022/10/1语法 Articles ( 冠词）冠词不定冠词定冠词零冠词aA.不定冠词的用法不定冠词有a和an两种形式.a用在以辅音开头的名词前, 一般读作; an 用在以元

2、音开头的名词前,一般读作n. e.g. _book _ egg _ useful book _ underground room 基本用法：指人或事物的某一种类 e.g. She is a girl. 她是女孩 This is a desk. 这是一张书桌42022/10/1A.不定冠词的用法不定冠词有a和an两种形式.a用在以辅音开1.首次提到某人或某物,常起介绍作用. He is a doctor. He is studying in a university.2.在单数普通名词前,指一类人或事物,通常不必译出. A fox is a cunning animal. =Foxes are

3、cunning animals. =The fox is a cunning animal.3.表示“数量”，“有一”“每一”,相当于every，one e.g. We have six classes a day. 52022/10/11.首次提到某人或某物,常起介绍作用.52022/9/284.表示 “相同 ”相当于the same We are nearly of an age.5.用于人名前，表示不认识此人或与某名人有类似性质的人或事 A Mr. Smith came to visit you when you were out.6.用于quite, rather, many, hal

4、f, what such之后 The room is rather a big one.7.用于so(as,too, how)+形容词之后 She is as clever a girl as you can wish to meet.62022/10/14.表示 “相同 ”相当于the same62022/9/28.用于某些固定词组中 an hour or two, have a swim/walk/look /talk a few, a little , a lot of, a bit, a couple of, in a hurry , have a good time, do sb.

5、a favor, pay a visit to, in a day or two, take a bath, have a cold (fever, headache) many a +单数可数名词(表示许多.当它做主语时，谓语动词用单数) many a student72022/10/18.用于某些固定词组中72022/9/28B.定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源，“那/这个”，来表示某个或某些特定的人或东西。基本用法：“特指”.特指某（些）人或者某（些）事物,以便与其他的人或物有所区别 e.g. The book on the desk is Jims. The c

6、hairs are there. 82022/10/1B.定冠词的用法定冠词the与指示代词this，that同源1.在叙述中，上文提到过的人或者事物，再次出现时：I can see a kite. ：Where is the kite? He bought a car. Ive seen the car.2.在表示世界上独一无二的事物的名词前 the sun the sky the moon the earth the world92022/10/11.在叙述中，上文提到过的人或者事物，再次出现时92022/3.在谈话双方都知道的特定的人或事物的名词前.Pass me the book, p

7、lease.Would you mind my opening the window?Take the medicine. Close the door.4.用在某些形容词前,表示某一类人 the poor the rich102022/10/1102022/9/285.用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”;用在国籍前，表全体 e.g. the Blacks 布来克一家 the Greens 格林一家人 (或格林夫妇) the Chinese6.用在表示乐器的名词之前 the violin the piano He often plays the violin in the evening.

8、She plays the piano very well.112022/10/15.用在姓氏的复数名词前，表示“一家人”;用在国籍前，表全体7.用在序数词和形容词最高级前 I live on the second floor.我住在二楼 Skating is the best sport in winter. 滑冰是冬天最好的运动. Winter is the coldest season of the year. Who sings (the) best in your class?8.江河湖海运河海湾海峡山脉群岛森林平原盆地沙漠等专有名词前the yellow river / the P

9、acific Ocean / the West lake122022/10/17.用在序数词和形容词最高级前122022/9/289.发明的事物名称前或或濒临灭绝的动物单数名词前： e.g. The compass was invented in China. The tiger is in danger of dying out.10.在逢十的复数数词前，指世纪的某个年 in the 1990s11.在方向名词及身体部位名词前 on the right / left， in the east / west / south / north He patted me on the shoulde

10、r.132022/10/19.发明的事物名称前或或濒临灭绝的动物单数名词前： 132012.固定词组中 in the end; in the morning (afternoon，evening), the day after tomorrow,the next morning, in the sky (sea, field, country, dark, rain) in the middle (of), go to the cinema at /in the end, by the way, tell the truth in the middle of; on the other han

11、d142022/10/112.固定词组中142022/9/28定冠词的用法口诀特指双熟悉，上文已提及;世上独无二，序数最高级;某些专有名，习语及乐器。152022/10/1定冠词的用法口诀152022/9/28C.零冠词的用法不用冠词（即零冠词）的情况：1.表示人名地名国名等专有名词前 Guangxi / Europe / China 2.复数可数名词和不可数名词表示泛指 They are teachers, not students.3.名词前有this,my,whose,some,no,each,every等限制 I want this book.162022/10/1C.零冠词的用法不用

12、冠词（即零冠词）的情况：162022/94.表示职位身份头衔的名词前Aunt Mary / Professor Zhang / President Lincoln5.物质名词或抽象名词前Failure is the mother of success.Desks and chairs are usually made of wood.6.在季节、月份、节日、 假日、日期、星期等表示时间的名词之前 on Monday, in summer, at Christmas,Teachers Day,on Sunday, in August,New Years Day, Fathers Day, on

13、Childrens Day Lets go to the park on Sunday. 172022/10/14.表示职位身份头衔的名词前172022/9/287.三餐、球类运动和娱乐名词前一般不用冠词： e.g. What do you have for_ breakfast? play _football/_basketball/_chess/_cards have supper at lunch Dinner is ready. She is at lunch. What do we have for supper?8.与by连用的表示交通工具的名词前 by car, by train

14、182022/10/17.三餐、球类运动和娱乐名词前一般不用冠词： 189.以and连接的两个相对的名词并用时 day and night / pen and ink / husband and wife father and son / sun and moon10.在固定短语中 at night; at home; at first; go to church; in danger; at work; go to bed; at school; at home; in hospital 192022/10/1192022/9/28不用冠词用法口诀下列情况应免冠，代词限定名词前;专有名词不可数，学科球类三餐饭;复数名词表泛指，两节星期月份前;颜色语种和国名，称呼习语及头衔。202022/10/1不用冠词用法口诀202022/9/28D.有冠词和没有冠词的区别 at table 吃饭 at the table 在桌子旁 go to bed 上床睡觉 go to the bed 向床走去 by sea 乘船 by the sea 在海边 take place 发生 take the place of 取代in charge of 负责、掌管 in the charge of 由.掌管、负责in hospital 住院 in the hospital 在