(焊接英语课件)ArcWeldingBasics

1、Arc Welding BasicsArc Welding Basics2Unit Topics Topics included in this overview are:IntroductionWhat is Arc Welding?Why is Welding Important?Why Learn to Weld?Careers in WeldingThe American Welding Society (AWS)Welding SafetyBasic ElectricityWelding FundamentalsWelding Certification2Unit Topics To

2、pics included3ObjectivesUpon successful completion of this unit of study, you will be able to Identify definitions and terminology associated with weldingDemonstrate safe working habits in the welding environmentName the parts and types of welds and weld jointsInterpret basic welding symbol informat

3、ion Identify opportunities available to welders3ObjectivesUpon successful com(焊接英语课件)ArcWeldingBasics(焊接英语课件)ArcWeldingBasics6Why is Welding Important?Many things around us are welded Pipelines that bring fresh water Towers that carry electricity to housesCars and buses that take people where they n

4、eed to go6Why is Welding Important?Many7Why Learn to Weld?Welding is so HOT . its COOL!Welding can help build a successful career so you can get the things you want in lifeSkilled welders are in demand people use things that are welded everyday!Welding can be fun and safeIt is challenging and high-t

5、ech7Why Learn to Weld?Welding is 8Basic Steps of Arc WeldingPrepare the base materials: remove paint and rustChoose the right welding processChoose the right filler materialAssess and comply with safety requirementsUse proper welding techniques and be sure to protect the molten puddle from contamina

6、nts in the airInspect the weld8Basic Steps of Arc WeldingPre9The American Welding SocietyWho is the AWS?American Welding SocietyIt is a non-profit organization whose membership includes:IndividualsStudentsCompaniesWhat do they do? Their purpose is to:Advance the science, technology, and application

7、of welding and allied processes including: joining, brazing, soldering, cutting, and thermal sprayStandardize classification of electrode and base material codesStandardize process proceduresProvide welding certification9The American Welding SocietyW10Careers in Welding10Careers in Welding11Careers

8、in WeldingEngineeringRacingIndustrial SalesFarm Repair and FabricationProduction WeldingMilitaryTeachingMaintenanceRoboticsIronworker/ Skilled TradesAuto TechnicianArtistMetal SculptingOwning Your Own BusinessJob opportunities in welding are changing Welding can be valuable as a job skill or as a fu

9、ll-time job For more information on welding careers, please see the e-learning introduction11Careers in WeldingEngineerin12How Much Money Can You Make? Recent statistics show that some welding jobs pay $25.00 per hour-If you worked five days a week for one year, how much money would you make?83% of

10、people with welding jobs were offered medical benefits- Higher than any other work sector except governmentFor more information on welding statistics, please log on to 12How Much Money Can You Make13Application Activity13Application Activity14Application ActivityLets explore some career possibilitie

11、s in weldingPlease log on to a computerWorking with a team member, research the websites to the right and explore information about welding careersIn 60 minutes, be prepared to answer the following questions: What careers in welding interest you the most? How can welding be high tech? How much money

12、 can be made annually in this chosen career field? Where can you get a job in welding and what are the basic requirements?What are some job advancement opportunities available in the welding industry? Americas Job Bank (http:/www.ajb.dni.us) Classifieds Employment () Yahoo! Careers (/) MONSTER.COM (

13、) () CareerBuilder () 14Application ActivityLets ex15Welding Safety15Welding Safety16Welding can be safe when sufficient measures are taken to protect yourself and others from potential hazards Students should read and understand the following before welding:Warning Labels Material Safety Data Sheet

14、s (MSDS)Students should also be familiar with the following informationSafety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied Processes (ANSI Z49.1) Lincoln Electrics Arc Welding Safety (E205)Arc Welding Safety16Welding can be safe when suf17Warning LabelsUnderstand and follow all warning labels found: On welding e

15、quipmentWith all consumable packaging Within instruction manuals17Warning LabelsUnderstand and18Material Safety Data SheetsMaterial Safety Data Sheets (MSDS) are:Required by law and OSHACreated by the manufacturer of a product per OSHA guidelines Designed to inform usersShipped with every box of Lin

16、coln Electric consumable productAvailable free online at:/products/msds/front18Material Safety Data SheetsM19MSDS - ContinuedMSDS outlines a products:Identity and compositionPotential hazardsSafe useHandling informationManufacturer contact informationback19MSDS - ContinuedMSDS outline20ANSI Z49.1ANS

17、I Z49.1: Safety in Welding, Cutting, and Allied ProcessesA safety document published by the American Welding Society that covers safe practices in the welding environmentTo get your free copy, go to:/technical/facts/Z49.1-2005-all.pdfE205: Arc Welding SafetyA safety document summarizing many of the

18、hazards and safe practices for weldingDownload and print your own copy at:/pdfs/products/literature/e205.pdfFree copies available from Lincoln Electric at:/products/litrequestAccess the E-learning Site 20ANSI Z49.1ANSI Z49.1: Safet21Arc Welding SafetyProtect yourself and others from potential hazard

19、s including:Fumes and GasesElectric ShockArc RaysFire and Explosion Hazards NoiseHot objects21Arc Welding SafetyProtect yo22Fumes and GasesFumes and gases can be hazardous to your healthKeep your head out of the fumesUse enough ventilation, exhaust at the arc, or both, to keep fumes and gases from y

20、our breathing zone and the general areaSee product labeling and MSDS for ventilation and respirator requirements22Fumes and GasesFumes and gas23Electric ShockElectric shock can kill Do not touch live electrical partsPrimary Voltage 230, 460 volt input powerSecondary Voltage 6 to 100 volts for weldin

21、gInsulate yourself from work and groundFollow all warnings on welding equipmentDo not make repairs yourself, alert your instructor immediately!23Electric ShockElectric shock24Arc RaysArc rays can injure eyes and burn skinThe welding arc is brighter than the sunPrecaution must be taken to protect you

22、r eyes and skin from UV radiationWear correct eye and body protection24Arc RaysArc rays can injure 25Fire and Explosion HazardsWelding sparks can cause fires and explosionsSparks and spatter from the welding arc can spray up to 35 feet from your workFlammable materials should be removed from the wel

23、ding area or shielded from sparks and spatterHave a fire extinguisher readyInspect area for fires 30 minutes after welding25Fire and Explosion HazardsWe26NoiseLoud noises can damage your hearingKeep loud noises at a safe level by using proper hearing protection such as:Ear plugs Ear muffs 26Noise27P

24、rotective ClothingWelders must wear protective clothing for Protection from sparks, spatter and UV radiationInsulation from electric shockProtective clothing includes Fire-proof clothing without rolled sleeves, cuffs or fraysWork bootsWelding gloves, jackets, bibs, and fire-proof pantsWelding cap, h

25、elmet and safety glassesEar protection ear plugs and muffs27Protective ClothingWelders mWho is he ?28Who is he ?28Hand and Head ShieldsBrilliant light caused by electric arc contains two kinds of invisible rays which injure eyes and skinUltravioletInfraredRays affect eyes within 50 feet; and skin an

26、y distance within 20 feetCopyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Fibre-Metal Products Co.Hand shield so person may holdshield in front of faceHand and Head ShieldsBrilliantHand and Head ShieldsAlso called hood or helmetAttached to adjustable headband

27、Allows it to be moved up or down as wearer desiresDependable protectionBoth hands free to grasp electrode holderPartial protectionMust also wear leather or nonflammable cap for adequateprotectionCopyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Fibre-Metal Pro

28、ducts Co.Fibre-Metal Products Co.Hand and Head ShieldsAlso callHand and Head ShieldsConstructed of heat-resisting, pressed-fiber insulating materialShields fully molded at top and bottom to protect head and neck Usually black to reduce reflection with window frame to hole protective lensFibre-Metal

29、Products Co.Wilson ProductsFlip-front welding helmet permits welder to inspect and brush weld without lifting the hood.Chrome leather helmets ideal for hard-to-get-into areas.Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Hand and Head ShieldsConstructHead

30、Shield LensSizes: 2 x 4.5 or 4.5 x 5.25Colored to screen out ultraviolet, infrared rays, and most of visible raysVariety of shades of colorDensity depends on brilliance of arcVaries with size of electrode and volume of currentSide exposed to weld pool protected by clear polycarbonate plastic cover l

31、ensProtect costly filter lens from molten metal spatter and breakage (replaced when pitted and clouded)Head Shield LensSizes: 2 x 4.5Auto-darkening Electronic Filter HelmetUseful when working close quarters, doing high production work, or avoiding inadvertent arc strikesSingle shade or variable shad

32、esFilter can switch from light to dark in less than 1/10,000 of a secondBattery poweredMay have solar battery boosterJackson Products Co.Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Auto-darkening Electronic FiltSafety GlassesShould be wornAlso behind hoo

33、d to prevent severe arc flash reaching eyesCan Absorb more than 99.9% harmful ultraviolet raysWorn by others who work with weldersLight in weight, well ventilated, and comfortableLenses have light tint (Not dark!) and tented side shieldsCopyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required f

34、or reproduction or display. RobCrandall/The Image WorksSafety GlassesShould be wornCoProtective ClothingGloves to protect handsMade of leather or some other type of fire-resistant materialLeather capes, sleeves, shoulder garments with detachable bibs, apronsSplit-type apron if sitting downNo place t

35、o collect hot particlesHigh-top shoesLeggings and spatsCopyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Department of LaborProtective ClothingGloves to pProtective Clothing100% cotton or woolThick enough to prevent injurious untraviolet rays from penetrating

36、to skinLong sleevesShirts buttoned to neckShirttails tuckedCuffless pants long enough to cover top of leather bootsMiller Electric Mfg. Co.Copyright The McGraw-Hill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Protective Clothing100% cottonProtective ClothingCopyright The McGraw-H

37、ill Companies, Inc. Permission required for reproduction or display.Protective ClothingCopyright Further ProtectionEar ProtectionFull ear muffs that cover entire ear or ear plugsDangersNoiseHot weld spatter or slag entering ear canalFlume ProtectionAlways use proper ventilation to keep head out of f

38、ume plumeFurther ProtectionEar Protecti39Application Activity39Application Activity40Application ActivityTIME TO PRACTICEGo out to the labDemonstrate the use of proper safety precautions such as:Reading warningsUsing proper protective clothingEquipment inspectionKeeping your head out of the fumeProp

39、er ventilation40Application ActivityTIME TO 41Basic Electricity and Welding41Basic Electricity and Weldin42The Arc Welding Circuit The electricity flows from the power source, through the electrode and across the arc, through the base material to the work lead and back to the power source42The Arc W

40、elding Circuit The 43Basic ElectricityVoltage The electrical potential or pressure that causes current to flowMeasured in VoltsCurrent The movement of charged particles in a specific directionMeasured in AmpsPolarityDC- (Direct Current Electrode Negative)DC+ (Direct Current Electrode Positive)AC (Al

41、ternating Current)DC+DC - AC43Basic ElectricityVoltage T44Math Terms and Welding 44Math Terms and Weldi45Math Terms in Welding Believe it or not, a lot of math is used in welding IPM Travel Speed = Inches per Minute Travel SpeedThe speed the electrode moves along the base materialIPM Wire Feed Speed

42、= Inches per Minute Wire Feed SpeedThe speed at which the wire is fed during wire weldingLbs/hr = Pounds per HourElectrode deposition rate CFH= Cubic Feet per HourShielding gas flow rate (wire welding)PSI= Pounds per Square InchTensile strength of a material and the pressure in gas cylindersL = LegF

43、illet size measurement% = percentShielding gas mixture composition45Math Terms in Welding Believ46 Metals46 Metals47Can All Metals Be Welded? Most metals can be welded, but not all The three most common weldable metals include:Mild Steel - inexpensive and strongStainless Steel does not rustAluminum

44、does not rust and is light weightMild steelStainless SteelAluminum47Can All Metals Be Welded? Mo48GaugeMaterial thickness is sometimes measured by gauge from 36 (.004 in) to 3 (.2391 in) For example, steel gauge and measurement in inches:PLEASE NOTE: As the gauge number gets smaller the material thi

45、ckness gets larger.16 gauge = .051” 14 gauge = .064” 12 gauge = .081” 10 gauge = .102”48GaugeMaterial thickness is s49Types of Joints49Types of Joints50Types of Joints There are 5 types of joints 50Types of Joints There are 5 51Parts of a Weld51Parts of a Weld52Parts of a WeldJoint and WeldHeat Affe

46、cted Zone52Parts of a WeldJoint and Wel53Fillet and Groove WeldsGroove and fillet welds can be made on many types of joints53Fillet and Groove WeldsGroov54Fillet Weld InspectionFillet welds should: Have a flat to slightly convex faceBe uniform in appearanceHave equal leg sizeHave good wash-in into b

47、ase materialsThis is an example of a good fillet weld: 54Fillet Weld InspectionFillet55Welding Symbols55Welding Symbols56What are Welding Symbols?Welding symbols give the welder specific instructions about the weld including:PlacementSizeLengthProcessAny other special notesWelding symbols areUnivers

48、ally usedGoverned by the AWSFound on engineering drawings“How to Read Shop Drawings” available at 56What are Welding Symbols?Wel57Welding SymbolsWelding symbols contain information about the weld to be made S leg dimension of the weldTriangle the weld is to be made on the arrow side of this jointTai

49、l any additional information required (i.e. position the weld is to be made)Arrow - the joint the welding symbol applies to57Welding SymbolsWelding symbo58Welding Positions58Welding Positions59What are Welding Positions?There are various positions that a weld can be made in:59What are Welding Positi

50、ons?T60Welder Responsibilities60Welder Responsibilities61What are the Responsibilities of a Welder?Welders have many areas of important responsibilitiesThese relate to:Arc Welding SafetyKnowledge ContentAttitude ReactionsSkills PerformanceWork Habits Daily Functions Always keep safety in mind when w

51、elding61What are the Responsibiliti62Arc Welding SafetyA welder MUST always follow safe work practices:Students should read and understand the following before welding:Warning Labels Material Safety Data Sheets (MSDS)Students should also be familiar with the following informationSafety in Welding, C

52、utting, and Allied Processes (ANSI Z49.1) Lincoln Electrics Arc Welding Safety (E205)62Arc Welding SafetyA welder M63Knowledge - ContentWelding can teach you about.Science when applying metallurgy, chemistry, electricity, etc.Math when calculating angles, joint design, and weld sizeEnglish when comm

53、unicating and interpreting drawings, codes, and proceduresTechnical areas when performing the actual welding applicationsHow much science and math went into the development of this bike?63Knowledge - ContentWelding c64AttitudeThe best welders demonstrate a can-do attitude when performing welding pro

54、cesses This means being able toWork as a team memberCommunicate ideas to othersListen to opinions of othersPromote a positive attitudeProvide solutions to problemsTake pride in workmanshipThese welders work together to inspect a weld.64AttitudeThe best welders dem65Skills/PerformanceA welder must de

55、monstrate technical skills when performing welding processesA welder must know how to:Use hand tools and materials, to operate equipment in a safe, accurate, and consistent mannerAcquire and evaluate information needed for problem solvingComplete quality workMaintain equipmentThere is no room for po

56、or workmanship in NASCAR65Skills/PerformanceA welder m66Work Habits/Daily FunctionsA welder must practice good working habits when performing welding processes This means being able to Follow detailed verbal and written instructionsMaintain workspace, equipment, and tool cleanlinessCorrectly fill ou

57、t, maintain and submit time cards, work assignment cards, and other records as requiredFollow safe working practicesAgriculture teachers brush up on their welding skills at Lincoln Electrics Welding Educators Workshop66Work Habits/Daily FunctionsA67Welding Certification67Welding Certification68Welding CertificationWhat is a welding certification?Welding certifications are used